Brown—Wisconsin s Quartzite Implements. 661 
tant geologist of the state, in “The Building and Ornamental 
Stones of Wisconsin” (Bull. Wis. Survey, Eo. 4). 
“Originally it was a sandstone, formed through aqueous 
deposition, which later became cemented through metamorphie 
agencies. It is composed essentially of quartz (grains), and 
the cementing material is silica. Iron oxide is often present, 
imparting to the rock a red or brown color. Frequently other 
very subordinate constituents are associated with the quartz. 
The color varies through white, gray, red, blue or brown. 
Quartzite is one of the hardest and most durable, and an ex¬ 
ceedingly refractory stone, and is worked only with the great¬ 
est difficulty. 
“Quartzite is quite widely distributed, in isolated areas, 
throughout that portion of the state largely underlain by sedi¬ 
mentary rocks. It is all of pre-Cambrian age, and thought 
to be mainly Upper Huronian, although in some instances 
there is no reliable information on this point. Eumerous 
outcrops of quartzite occur in Sauk county, some thirteen dis¬ 
tinct areas having been mapped. Together they constitute 
what are known as the Baraboo bluffs. Extensive outcrops 
are found in Barron county, near Bice Lake, in Jefferson 
county, near Waterloo, and in Dodge county, near Portland. 
“Other large mounds of quartzite occur in Juneau county, 
near Eecedah, and in the central portion of Chippewa county, 
T, 32, B. 7 W. Besides the above mentioned areas, quartzite 
outcrops in many places in the great northern crystalline area, 
but the outlines of these areas have not yet been determined.” 
In a recent letter, Dr. Buckley has very kindly furnished 
the following additional information: 
“The quartzite in the Baraboo bluffs varies in color, but is 
chiefly of a pinkish or reddish tint. That at Bice Lake is fre¬ 
quently almost white, although this is also mainly stained 
with iron oxide. That at Waterloo and Portland is slightly 
colored, although the tinting is much lighter than at Baraboo. 
The Eecedah quartzite is also tinted. Host of the quartzite 
near Wausau and Mosinee is either white or transparent and 
glassy. Some of this, however, is also tinted a light reddish 
or pinkish color. 
