736 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
particularly as to the number of chromosomes and the method 
of their separation in the metaphases. 
He accepts Ma ire’s designation of the three divisions in the 
ascus as heterotypic, homoeotypic and typic. The first divi¬ 
sion is always preceded by synapsis and further characterized 
by a double longitudinal splitting of the chromosomes, distin¬ 
guishing features of the heterotypic division. However, he 
holds that the half-chromosomes resulting from the second 
longitudinal splitting do not separate completely in the meta¬ 
phase, as described by Maire, but reach the poles as V’s or IPs 
as in the Phanerogams (1). 
Guilliermond (8) frequently alludes to the difficulty of de¬ 
termining exactly how the chromosomes divide and the halves 
separate, and when one considers their minute size it is not 
surprising that the two investigators disagree as to the details 
of the processes, or that the figures are not at all convincing. 
However, Maire’s previously stated hypothesis that the As- 
comycetes have but four chromosomes (li6), and his later at¬ 
tempts to prove the doctrine, may possibly have influenced his 
account of the separation of the half-chromosomes in the meta- 
phases, as well as liis interpretation of the protochromo¬ 
somes in the prophases of the first and second divisions. 
Peziza Catnius and Peziza rutilans have sixteen chromo¬ 
somes, Galactinia has four, but in Pustularia vesiculosa Guil¬ 
liermond still holds that eight chromosomes are present, as 
against Maire’s view that there are four. 
As regards the origin of the center, Guilliermond agrees 
with Maire (14, 19, 8). The first indication of the formation 
of the karyokinetic figure is the appearance of a center just 
within the nuclear membrane, with abundant fibers extending 
in toward the chromosomes. Both the figure and the descrip¬ 
tion of this stage suggest the possibility that he had before him 
only one-half of a spindle which was really in the equatorial 
plate stage, and whose other pole should appear in the next 
section. The center divides and the spindle is formed in the 
usual way. The polar asters are faint and at times cannot be 
seen, except in the third division, where they are always 
