ANALYSIS OF BARK FROM INDIA. 
245 
I append a detailed statement of the contents of each parcel in the box, in case Mr. 
Howard may wish to make a separate analysis of each parcel of bark. 
C. succirubra. —No. 1. Contains the oldest bark taken from a tree which divided into 
two almost equal branches of 14 feet above the ground. The girth of the trunk at the 
surface of the ground was 14 inches; the height of the tree was 8 feet 5 inches. 
No. 2. This parcel consists of the young bark taken from the stem and branches of 
the plant whose old bark is in No. 1. 
No. 3. This parcel consists of the old bark taken from a tree which, close to the sur¬ 
face of the ground, divided into two stems of nearly equal size. The largest of these 
stems was cut down for bark-at 3 inches above the ground. The girth of this stem at 
its base was 8 inches, and its height 8 feet. 
No. 4. Contains the young bark from the branches of the stem from which the old 
bark in No. 3 was taken. 
C. officinalis. —No. 5. The bark in this parcel was taken from the largest plant of C. 
officinalis, var. Bonplandiana (C. Chahuarguera, How.); its height on the 18th February, 
when it was cut, was 5 feet 2 inches. 
No. 6. Contains all the bark of a smaller plant of C. officinalis , var. Bonplandiana , 
than that whose bark composes the fifth parcel; the height of this plant was 4 feet 4 
inches on the 15th February. 
REPORT OF AN ANALYSIS OF THE SEVENTH REMITTANCE OF BARK 
FROM INDIA. 
BY J. E. HOWARD, F.L.S. 
To the Under-Secretary of State for India. 
October 2nd , 1867. 
Sir,—I have to report on specimens of chinchona bark taken from trees in the plan¬ 
tations at Darjeeling, and, in the first place, must remark that these did not reach me in 
such good condition as has been the case with those sent from Ootacamund. 
The bark appears to have been packed before it was thoroughly dry, producing what 
is called in commerce “country damage.” This must be guarded against in future. 
The appearance of the bark (at least of the No. 1) is good, but very thin, not more 
than one-twentieth of an inch in thickness. I presume that this is to be ascribed to the 
youth of the trees, which, in other respects, must have developed well. 
The bark when cut across is of a light yellow hue, contrasting with the rich brown of 
the inner surface. This latter is an indication, not without some value, of the bark 
having been cut at a favourable season. 
The pale colour of the fracture indicates a peculiar state of the tannin, which, with 
reagents, indicates less oxidation than in the ordinary red bark of commerce. This 
feature is probably connected with the difficulty of separating the combined colouring 
matter found in No. 1. 
The results are quite encouraging, when compared with a trial of the same species 
grown at Ootacamund, and of about the same age (as reported, Blue Book, 18th June, 
1866, p. 49). 
No. 1. Oldest bark from a tree cut down thirty-one months after planting at Dar¬ 
jeeling. 
* For comparison, bark from the thickest part of two lower branches of a plant of 
C. succinibra, two years and five months old, removed from the plants 24th February, 
1864. 
No. 1. Darjeeling. 
Quinine, crystallizing freely as 
oxalate.3‘20 
Chinchonidine and a littlequinine 2 - 27 
Chinchonine .... 261 
* Ootacamund. 
Quinine (specimen of the white 
sulphate sent) 
• • ♦ • • • • 
3T4 
2-06 
0-80 
Total 
6T0 Total of purified alkaloid . 6'00 
The total weight of the precipitated alkaloids in No. 1 was 7 - 30, but of this l'OO per 
