128 Grundtvig—On the Birds oj Shioczon, Wisconsin. 
43-47. B. 9. Often seen in December, 1881. A few times 
in January, 1882 ; but not in February. March 6, I shot one near 
Shioc River. April 26 a small flock was seen in transitional 
plumage. 28th, great flock. May 14 males in summer plum¬ 
age. Most abundant on May 19. For the rest, seen in flocks 
almost all summer. Rarely, however, between June 17 and 
September 16. Scarcely after November 13. In 1883 a large 
flock was seen on thistles near the house, January 18. None 
in the following months. A single flock May 8. More on the 
10th and following days. Most on the 29th-31st. On the 29th 
a few large flocks consisting of females exclusively. After 
June 2, only in smaller companies. Many must breed in 
the woods and swamps. I found no nest, however. July 2, 
1883, I saw a female with nest material in her bill. August 
29, 1882, I saw the parents feeding the newly fledged young. 
Large young were fed October 6. 
(108). Spiniis piling (Wils.). Was certainly seen in flocks 
April 7, 1883, and the following days. None shot. It is said 
to breed in Wisconsin as far south as Jefferson county 
(Cooke). Many were shot at De Pere in March, 1883 (Willard). 
109. Plectroplienax nivalis (Linn.). XXX. In great flocks 
in winter. Appears for the most part just before or during a 
snow storm. In 1882, the first large flock was seen Jan. 9. 
Later occasionally. Almost daily in March. The last April 1. 
In autumn, a single one Nov. 9. First flock the 11th. On the 
18th extremely numerous, especially on the outer edge of the 
ice formed during the night on the overflowed Shioc Meadows. 
Here the water had thrown up many kinds of seeds. In one 
flock there were surely over a thousand. Seen frequently in 
the course of November. Three times in December. Last time 
the 16th. In 1883, several flocks seen January 14. Seen three 
times in February. None in March. April 4-7, several. The 
last four the 14th. In autumn, the first two October 31. Sing¬ 
ularly enough, some (for example T. G-entry in “Birds of East¬ 
ern Pennsylvania”) deny that this bird has any call note. It 
has one nevertheless. 
110. Cal car ins iapponicus (Linn.). M. of young $ shot in 
Shioc Meadows, Oct. 29, 1883. L. 151. W. 86. T. 57. B. 9. 
