36 
Pinus Abies var. Nordmanniana, Parlatore. (P. Nordmanniana, 
Steven.) 
Crimea and Circassia, 6000 feet above the sea. This is one of the most 
imposing fire, attaining a height of 100 feet, with a perfectly straight 
stem. It furnishes a valuable building timber. 
The Silver Fir is desirable for our mountain forests. 
pinus alba, Ait. 
■White Spruce. From Canada to Carolina, up to the highest mountains. 
It resembles P. Picea, but is smaller, at most 50 feet high. Eligible for 
our alpiue country. 
Pinus Alcocquiana, Parlatore. 
Japan, at an elevation of 6 to 7000 feet. A fine tree, with very small 
blue-green leaves; the wood is used for light household furniture. 
Pinus amabilis, Dough 
Californian Silver Fir. North California, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 
A handsome fir, 200 feet high, circumference of stem 24 feet; the stem 
is naked up to 100 feet. 
Pinus Australis, Miclix.* 
Southern or Swamp Pine, also called Georgia, Yellow Pitch, or Broom 
Pino. In the Southern States of N. America; the tree attains a 
height of 70 feet. It furnishes a good timber for furniture and building. 
It is this tree, which forms chiefly the extensive pine barrens of the 
United States, and yields largely the American turpentine. 
Pinus AyacahuitO, Ehrenb. (/'. Loudoniana, Gord.) 
In Mexico, at an elevation of 8000 to 12,000 feet. An excellent pine 
100 to 150 feet high, with a stem diameter of 3 to 4 feet, yielding a 
much esteemed white or sometimes reddish timbor. 
Pinus balsamea, L. 
Balsam Fir, Balm of Gilead Fir. Canada, Nova Scotia, New England. 
An elegant tree, 40 feet high, which with Pinus Fraseri yields the 
Canada Balsam, the well-known oleo-resin. The timber is light, soft, 
and useful for furniture. It thrives best in cold swampy places. Eligi¬ 
ble for our alps. 
Pinus Canadensis, L. 
Hemlock Spruce. In Canada and over a great part of the United 
States, on high mountains. A very' ornamental tree, 100 feet high, 
with a white cross-grained and inferior wood. The tree, however, is 
extremely valuable on account of its bark, which is much esteemed as 
a tanning mdterial; it is stripped off during the summer months. The 
young shoots are used for making spruce beer. 
Pinus Canariensis, C. Smith.* 
Canary Pine. Canary Islands, forming large forests at an elevation of 
6 to 6000 feet. A tree 70 feet high, with a resinous durable very heavy 
wood, not readily attacked by insects. It thrives well in Victoria, and 
shows celerity of growth. 
Pinus Cedrus, L. 
Cedar oi Lebanon. Together with the Atlas variety on the mountains 
ol Lebanon and Taurus, also in N, Africa. The tree grows to a 
height of 100 feet, aud attains a very great age; the wood is of a light 
reddish color, soft and easy to work, and much esteemed for its dura¬ 
bility. 
