THE FISHES OF MALABAR. 
139 
dorsal y 1 ^, of base of anal of total length. Height of head of body f, of first dorsal T , of 
second dorsal f~, of ventral y () , of anal of total length. 
Eyes—Slightly wider than high, and with narrow anterior and posterior adipose lids. 
Diameter a little more than ^ the length of head, § of a diameter from the end of snout, and 1 
diameters apart. 
Body comparatively short. Upper and lower line of profile equally convex. Head slightly 
depressed. Snout rather obtuse. 
Mouth wide, having at the symphysis of the mandibula a tubercle which is received into a 
notch in the intermaxillary. Preorbital with a well-marked notch anteriorly. Extremity of 
maxilla uncovered and apparent below the angle of the mouth. Upper lip rather thick. Pre- 
opercle with three wide glands opening along its vertical margin, one opposite the lower margin 
of the orbit, another just above the angle, and a third between the other two : along its horizontal 
limb there are three more, one at the angle just before and below the lowest of the vertical ones, 
another at its anterior extremity, and a central one. On the upper line of the opercles there are 
three more, and an oblique line of three rather superior to them. On the summit of the head there 
are some others. 
Teeth—Some exceedingly fine ones in both jaws. 
Pins—Pectoral extends to the eighth scale on the lateral line. First dorsal situated opposite 
the tenth scale of the lateral line : second dorsal opposite the nineteenth scale and the centre 
of the anal, which is opposite the seventeenth scale. Pectoral rather pointed. The anterior 
three spines of the dorsal strong, the first the highest and strongest, the fourth weak. Upper 
border of second dorsal concave. Yentral spine strong, equal in length to the third spine of the 
dorsal. Anal arises in front of the second dorsal, and has a concave inferior edge. Caudal emar- 
ginate in its posterior third. 
Scales—With longitudinal shallow grooves, which below the pectoral are irregular in their 
direction : they extend over the body and head, and between the rays of the pectoral, second 
dorsal, anal, and caudal fins. An elongated scale at the base of the first dorsal, and another 
small one at that of the ventral. 
Colours—Greyish, darkest on the back, and silvery white towards the abdomen : opercles 
tinged with a golden colour. Each scale darkest at the margin, and with a darkish grey line 
along its centre, forming longitudinal stripes. All the fins minutely spotted with black, giving 
them a greyish appearance. Caudal and pectoral the darkest, their edges being almost black, 
especially those of the caudal. 
This does not appear to be a very common mullet in Malabar. Still it is occasionally taken 
with the others, but is not often seen more than five or six inches in length. 
Habitat—Seas of Malabar and Malaysia. 
Mugil ENGELI. 
Mugil engeli, Bleeher , Nat. Tijcls. Ned. Ind. xvi. p. 277; GUntlier , Catal. iii. p. 430. 
B. v. D.4|£ P. 15. Y. 1. A. f. C. 14. L. 1. 83-34. L. tr. 10-11. 
Length of head of pectoral of caudal y, of base of first dorsal jq, of base of second 
dorsal jq, of base of anal -1, of total length. Height of head of body 1, of first dorsal y 0 , of 
second dorsal of ventral ) , of anal j of total length. 
t 2 
