156 
THE FISHES OF MALABAR. 
Order.— PHARYNGOGNATHI. 
Sub-Order.— PHARYNGOGNATHI ACANTHOPTERYGII. 
Fam. P0MACENTBIB2E, Gunther. 
Sceenoidei, pt. Cuvier. 
Labroidei ctenoidei, Miill . 
Ctenolabridh:, Owen. 
Genus GLYPIilDODON, Lacep. 
Euschistodus et hypsypops, sp. Gill. 
Branchiostegals, five or six: pseudobranchise. Body short, more or less compressed. Eyes lateral. 
Cleft of mouth small. Preopercle entire. Teeth compressed and in a single row, sometimes every alter¬ 
nate one being similar. One dorsal, with the spinous as well developed or more so than the soft portion. 
Two spines to anal fin. Ventrals thoracic, with one spine and five rays. Scales of moderate size over 
body and head. The lateral line either ceases below the posterior portion of the dorsal fin, or is continued 
in the form of small circular orifices. Air bladder present. Pyloric appendages three. 
Glyphidodon Cochinensis. Plate XII. 
Glypiiidodon Cochinensis, Day , Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 38. 
B. v. D. if. P. 15. V. 1 A. T %. L. 1. 28. L. tr. f. 
Length of head p T , of pectoral Y of caudal Y of base of dorsal §, of base of anal jY °f total 
length. Height of head ff, of body §, of hard dorsal jg, of soft dorsal §, of base of caudal Y °f 
ventral of anal f of the total length. 
Eyes—Diameter f- length of head, f of a diameter from end of snout, 1 diameter apart. 
Body ovoid and compressed, the width at the shoulder being scarcely ecpial to half its height: 
profile from the snout to the dorsal fin convex. Soft portions of dorsal, anal, and caudal fins much 
elongated. 
Maxilla extends to opposite the anterior margin of the orbit: jaws of equal length. Preopercle 
entire; posterior limb slightly oblique, and half as long again as the inferior, which is horizontal, 
the angle being rounded. Sub- and interopercles entire. Opercle ending in a flat moderately 
strong spine a little below the level of the lower margin of the orbit; a second exists a short 
distance above, and in one specimen a third about an equal distance below the central one. 
Nostrils a short distance apart, and near the anterior surface of the orbit slightly above its mesial 
line : the posterior is round, the anterior transversely oval. All the opercles and the interorbital 
space scaled. Suprascapular, scapular, and humeral bones entire. 
Teeth—In a single flattened and compressed row, decreasing in size from the centre of the 
jaws to their circumference. 
Fins—Dorsal commences opposite the end of the opercle : pectoral slightly behind : and the 
ventral a little more posteriorly : anal begins about opposite the tenth dorsal spine. Spinous 
portion of dorsal occupies three-fourths of the base of the fin, its spines moderately strong : 
interspinous membrane slightly longer than the spines, and deeply notched ; soft portion elongated, 
first spine one third shorter than the second, from whence they gradually increase to the last, 
which is two and a half times as long as the first. Pectoral rounded. Ventral spine moderately 
strong, two thirds the length of the anterior rays, the first of which is prolonged. First spine of anal 
