240 DR. C. A. MAC MUNN ON ENTEROCHLOROPHYLL, AND ALLIED PIGMENTS. 
which examined quickly shows two hsemochromogen-like bands, which disappear on 
exposure to air, and reappear with ammonium sulphide (Chart I., spectrum 12). 
In Patella, the pharyngeal muscles contain haemoglobin (Ray Lankester), and 
histohaematins occur in various parts of the body; therefore, the same remarks made 
about the “liver” pigments of Littorina, will apply here. Lutein (=a lipochrome) 
can also be detected in various parts, as well as in the “ liver.” 
Helix pomatia.* —From the “liver” of this mollusc, pigments are obtainable which 
differ in no essential respect from those of other pulmonate mollusca, they have been 
described by me in a former paper, I have made a few further observations since, 
which are as follows :—A solution of the “ liver ” pigments in weak alcohol is greenish- 
yellow, fluoresces red, and gives spectrum 13, Chart I., of which the bands read :— 
1st, A 672 to A 660, feeble shading to A 647 ; 2nd, A 623 to A 593 ; 3rd, A 561 '5 to A 557 ; 
4th, about A 545‘5 to A 529'5. There was also a fifth band, 'perhaps A 494’5 to 
A 475. A second extraction with absolute alcohol showed a spectrum belonging to 
enterochlorophyll only (spectrum 14, Chart I.). The red fluorescence of this green 
extract was well marked, and its bands read :—1st, A 672 to A 657, shading to A 649 ; 
2nd, A 620-5 to A 596'5 (1) ; 3rd, A 545’5 to A 532 ; and 5th, A 49CL5 to A 472 (?). In 
the absolute alcohol extract of another “liver,” spectrum 15, Chart 1., was observed, 
which differs from both of the above extracts; these bauds read as follows :— 
1st, A 672 to A 657, shading to A 647 ; 2 nd, A 623 to A 593 ; 3rd, A 569 to A 557 (?) ; 
4th, A 563 to A 551, and a feeble 5th, A 494'5 to A 475. All these solutions were 
united and saponified, the results will be described further on. Probably spectrum 
15 belongs to a colouring matter intermediate between enterohsematin and entero- 
chlorophyll. 
KrukenbergI found evidence, as he thought, of the presence of several pigments, 
but the appearances can probably be explained on the above supposition. I have 
repeated my former experiments on other Mollusca whose “liver” pigments I have 
already described, but have nothing further to add to former descriptions. 
The Enterohcematin of Invertebrates. 
According to KrukenbergC the change produced by sulphide of ammonium (on 
enterohsematin) is not due to a reduction but to the action of an alkali on this 
pigment, which he names “ helico-rubin,” but sulphuretted hydrogen and neutral 
reducing agents produce the same effect; and if the “ bile ” of an <journal containing 
* The red bile shows without any treatment two enterohtematin bands:—1st, X 569 to X 555 ; and 
2 nd , perhaps X 540 to X 524’5. Hence the idea of Keukenberg, that they only appear when alkalies 
are added, is not correct. 
t Loc. cit. See also Sorby’s paper on “ The Evolution of Htemoglobin,” Quart. Jonrn. Micro. Soc., 
vol. 16 (1876), p. 77. Kjrukenberg apparently did not know of this paper, or he could not have fallen 
into the error noted above. See also my paper, loc. cit. 
