248 DR. C. A. MAC MUNN ON ENTEROCHLOROPHTLL, AND ALLIED PIGMENTS. 
which the bands in the red half'" of the spectrum read as follows : 1st hand, X 678 
to X 640 ; 2nd, X 627 to X 600 ; 3rd, X 593 to X 569 ; then another hand in the 
green, faint, whose presence can he detected in a living leaf. To take its wave-length 
a deeper solution is examined, when we get for the whole series of bands : 1st, X 681 
to X 638 ; 2nd, X 629 to X 600 ; 3rd, X 593 to X 566 ; 4th, X 551 to X 532 ; while in a 
more dilute solution : 5th, X 486'5 to X 467 ; and 6th (about), X 451 to X 438. This 
solution was saponified with caustic soda and the subsequent treatment carried out as 
in Hansen’s method. (Supra.) 
The petroleum-ether solution of the soap was yellow, had no fluorescence, and showed 
two bands: the first from X 488 to X 468, and second (about) X 458‘5 to X 445. If 
we now examine the mother liquid from which the petroleum-ether, the ether, and the 
ether with alcohol have removed their pigments, we find that it no longer shows the 
original spectrum. While the original solution showed in a deep layer spectrum 1, 
Chart II., this solution showed spectrum 4, Chart II.; hence saponification has altered 
the chlorophyll to a certain extent. The first ether-alcohol extract of the green soap 
was only pale-green, but the second was a fine blue-green solution, with a splendid 
hloocl-red fluorescence, and now gave spectrum 5, Chart II., the bands of which read: 
1st, X 651 - 5 to X 627 ; second, X 607 to X 583'5 ; third, X 537 to X 524’5. There is 
also a feeble band between D and E, such as Hansen describes from X 572 to X 557 (?). 
On now comparing these bands with those of the original solution they are seen to be 
quite different. In a deeper layer of solution they occupied the following positions : 
1st, X 656 to X 620'5 ; 2nd, X 609 to X 580'5 ; 3rd (a shading only), X 572 to X 557 ; 
and 4th, X 537 to X 519. 
The action of nitric acid on this isolated “chlorophyll green ’’ did not cause the 
same bands to appear as in an ordinary alcohol solution of chlorophyll, when treated 
with this reagent; the spectrum obtained is shown in spectrum 6, Chart II., the 
colour of the solution being bluish. After some time the band at D, and that 
after it, became much fainter, the first and fourth bands being very distinct. On 
comparing this result with that obtained in the case of enterochlorophyll a difference is 
apparent. I found that the solid “ chlorophyll green ” went into bisulphide of carbon ; 
but in this the red fluorescence was not so apparent, and as none of this residue went 
into petroleum-ether there could not have been a lipochrome present. On evaporating 
a solution of chlorophyll green, and examining with a -jtth objective, thousands of 
round green granules were seen ; some of these were red in certain lights, and were 
therefore dichroic, which is a property of the solid pigment, according to Hansen.! 
If grass-chlorophyll is saponified, some trifling differences between the spectra of its 
* Compare spectrum 1, Chart I., with spectra 1 and 7, Chart II., and it is seen that the bands of the 
solutions giving the latter spectra are nothing more than those found in a living leaf. I am quite certain 
about the presence of a hand between D and E in a living leaf. 
t The yellow residue also gave the reactions described by Hansen with iodine, nitric, and sulphuric 
acids. 
