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V. On the Normal Paraffins. —Part IV. 
By C. Schorlemmer, F.P.S., and T. E. Thorpe, F.R.S. 
Received December 5,—Read December 21, 1882. 
In the last communication made by one of us on this subject (Phil. Trans., 1880, 
p. 451), it was stated that we contemplated making a joint investigation on the 
heptane from Pinus Sabiniana. A large quantity of the pure heptane was treated 
with chlorine in the manner described in this series of communications (Phil. Trans., 
1872, p. Ill), and the chlorides boiling between 143° and 157 0, 5 were converted into 
the alcohols in the ordinary way. The primary alcohol boiled between 165°—170°, 
whilst the secondary alcohol distilled over, for the most part, between 156°—158°. 
The alcohols were then oxidised in the manner described in Phil. Trans., 1872, 
p.^121. The ketone obtained from the secondary alcohol was further oxidised by 
being heated with the chromic acid solution in sealed tubes at 100°. The liquid 
was then neutralised and the unattacked ketone was separated by distillation. In 
order to isolate the acids contained in the residue small quantities of sulphuric acid 
were added, and the acid which separated out (pentoic acid) was distilled off in a 
current of steam—the operation being repeated until the pentoic acid was no longer 
recognisable by its smell. The acetic acid contained in the residue was then sepa¬ 
rated by a further addition of sulphuric acid and distilled off by direct heating. The 
respective silver salts of the two acids were then prepared from the several fractions 
in the ordinary way. Analysis showed that the separation of the acids was complete. 
I. Silver salt from the normal alcohol. 
(a) CP4035 grm. salt gave 0'1842 grm. Ag=45"6 per cent. 
(b) 0-210 „ „ 0-0953 „ =45*4 
Calculated for silver heptoate 45"5 per cent. 
II. Silver salts from ketone from secondary alcohol. 
0’2022 grm. salt A gave 0"1050 grm. Ag=51"9 per cent. 
0-1491 „ „ 0-0771 „ =51-7 
Silver pentoate =51 "6 Ag. 
0"235 grm. salt B. gave 0T518 grm. Ag=G4"59 per cent. 
Silver acetate =G4"67 per cent. 
