PROTOPLASM THROUGH THE WALLS OF VEGETABLE CELLS. 
851 
the cells, including of course those directly below the surface. In this respect they 
differ from Strychnos as far as their demonstrable character goes. 
In such of the Ccesalpinice as possess endosperms a similar pitted structure of the 
cells occurs. The existence of threads was observed only in Bauhinia, but I cannot 
doubt that other leguminous seeds of the same structure will show the same occur¬ 
rence of threads, e.g., Sophora Japonica and Gleditcliia mentioned by Yon Mohl.* 
Subjoined is a list of the seeds examined. In those whose names are printed in 
italics it was actually observed that there was a protoplasmic continuity from cell to 
cell. The rest were not examined in detail. 
Leguminosece. 
Bauhinia variegata. 
B.ubiacea. 
Asperula odorata. 
Galium aparine. 
Galium spurium. 
Coffea Arabica. 
Sherardia arvensis. 
Myrsinece. 
Ardisia crenulala. 
Ardisia polycephala. 
Cornacece. 
Aucuba Japonica. 
Loganiacece. 
Strychnos Nux-vomica. 
Strychnos Ignatia. 
Strychnos potatorum (?) 
Hydrophyllacece. 
Nemophila discoidalis. 
Nemophila parviflora. 
Phacelia pimpernelloides. 
Melanthacece. 
Colchicum speciosum. 
Liliacece. 
Asparagus officinalis. 
Asparagus sp. 
Ornithogalum tenuifolium. 
Ornithogalum narhonense. 
Yucca, sp. 
Smilacece. 
Polygonatum Japonicum. 
Buscus aculeatus. 
Iridacece. 
Iris pseudacorus. 
Xiphium vulgare. 
Iris ocbroleuca. 
Dioscoreacece. 
Bioscorea doemonorum. 
Tamus communis. 
Amaryllidacece. 
Bomarea oligantha. 
The above results have established not only that protoplasmic threads do perforate 
the cell-wall, and thus bring adjacent cells into communication with one another, but 
that such perforation is of very frequent occurrence. My results with endosperm 
ells have fully confirmed those which I obtained with pulvini, and have both 
elucidated the structure that occurs in those organs, and given every support to the 
methods that I employed in their investigation. It would thus appear that not only 
in the endosperms of Palms, but in those of other plants in general, the cells are 
placed in connexion one with the other. It may be objected that I have used thick 
walled endosperms in every instance. I gave my reasons for so doing, and although I 
have not as yet examined the structure of thin walled endosperm cells, I have but 
little doubt that the same means of communication takes place in them also, for every 
range of difference of thickness of the cell-walls occurs, not only in the same order but 
* Von Mohl, ‘Vegetable Cell,’ English translation, p. 33. 
