PROTOPLASM THROUGH THE WALLS OF VEGETABLE CELLS. 
861 
Fig. 17. 
Fig. 18. 
Fig. 19. 
Fig. 20. 
Fig. 21. 
Fig. 22. 
Fig. 23. 
Fig. 24. 
Fig. 25. 
plasmic cell contents have undergone degeneration, and many oil drops 
are present. Traversing both the thick pit-closing membranes, and 
also the general cell-walls, are complexes of fine protoplasmic threads. 
(X 550.) 
Portions of cells of ripe endosperm of Hoicea Belmoreana (Kentia Bel¬ 
moreana), cell contents not shown, treated with Chlor. Zinc Iod. and 
picric-HoFMANN’s-blue. The threads traverse the pit-closing membranes 
and the general cell- walls, (x 550.) 
Cells of ripe endosperm of Howea Belmoreana, with protoplasmic cell 
contents. Treated as before, (x 550.) 
Portions of cells of the ripe endosperm of Lodoicea Sechellcirum (the double 
cocoa-nut) treated with iodine and Chlor. Zinc Iod. Protoplasmic threads 
traverse the pit-membranes and general cell-wall. Cell contents not 
shown, (x 550.) 
Piece of cell-wall of same mounted in a mixture of iodine and glycerine. 
Threads fainter. Those traversing the unpitted portion of the wall do 
not appear to perforate as far as the free surface. The delicate channels 
containing protoplasm are widest in the region of the middle lamella, and 
colour with little or no swelling. In consequence of incomplete swelling 
the remaining portions of the threads are not visible. (X 550.) 
Portions of cells of the ripe endosperm of Oncosperma horriduin treated with 
iodine and Chlor. Zinc Tod. The threads are very fine ; much finer than 
it is possible to represent them in a drawing, (x 550.) 
Cells of the ripe endosperm of Heterospathe elata treated with Chlor. Zinc 
Iod. and picric-HoFMANN’s-blue. Middle lamella but little developed. 
Threads fairly thin, (x 550.) 
Portion of same treated with iodine and Chlor. Zinc Iod., showing that by 
such treatment the threads appear much thicker, owing to the precipita¬ 
tion of iodine upon them. ( X 550.) 
Ptipe endosperm cell of Calamus eallicarpus treated with Chlor. Zinc Iod. 
and picric-HoFMANN’s-blue. Cell contents in this and many following 
omitted, Middle lamella well developed. Embedded in the cell-wall are 
crystals of calcium oxalate, (x 550.) 
Portions of ripe endosperm cells of Syagrus hotryophora treated as before. 
Pits shallow and little developed. (X 550.) 
PLATE 70. 
Fig. 26. Cell of ripe endosperm of Phytedephas macrocar pa (vegetable ivory) treated 
with iodine and Chlor. Zinc Iod. (x 550.) 
MDCCCLXXXIII. 5 S 
