194 
PHARMACEUTICAL MEETING. 
tlie pleasing duty this evening of distributing the medals and certificates of ho¬ 
nour awarded by the Council to the students of the past session, and lie felt sure 
that what would be stated in reference to these awards would be most gratifying 
to the meeting. He then called upon the Professors to announce the results of 
the examinations. 
CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY. 
Professor Redwood said he had been so long accustomed to appear there from 
year to year, and so uniformly to make the same statement, that he feared it 
might be thought that it was a mere stereotyped address. It was not so, how¬ 
ever 5 and he could only explain why it thus appeared, on the ground that he 
dealt more with facts than with compliments, and he could not fail to be pleased 
when he found the facts on these occasions were uniformly the same. He found 
at the end of every session that there was reason to be satisfied with the industry, 
zeal, and attention displayed by the pupils; it was true that he had to make 
this statement year after year, but still the satisfaction resulting from it was 
none the less. If any drawback existed at all, it did not respect quality, but 
quantity. The Professors would feel much greater satisfaction, and would go 
through their duties much more agreeably, if they had larger numbers to lecture 
to. During the last session he had had a most attentive and zealous class ; eight 
students competed in the prize examination, and he could say of them all that 
they manifested a fair amount of knowledge and intelligence; but there were 
two especially, and he said it without disparagement to the others, who had 
entirely outstripped the rest, and almost put them out of court,—gentlemen who 
were able to answer the questions given almost as the Professor himself would 
have done. When he stated that he took 800 marks as representing the highest 
value of the answers, and that one obtained no less than 765, it would be at once 
seen that the highest credit was due to him. The second of these candidates 
gained 710 marks. Without disparagement to the other competitors, it was 
most desirable to distinguish these two, for they stood far in advance ; and the 
result might serve to indicate to those who propose to compete in these exami¬ 
nations, that they must prepare themselves as much as possible. It was not 
proposed to give certificates unless they came up to a certain standard. He 
would say, in conclusion, that in awarding the values to the various answers, he 
possessed no knowledge whatever of the competitors. 
The questions and awards were as follows :— 
1. Give the equivalents in weights of the metrical system for the following:— 
5 - grain emetic tartar 10 grains Dover’s powder 
1 grain calomel 1 drachm sulphate of potash 
4 grains antimonial powder 1 ounce Epsom salts 
2. A piece of metal (a), weighed in air in the usual manner, weighs 210 grains; sus¬ 
pended from one end of a balance and immersed in water, it weighs 180 grains; 
immersed in like manner in a liquid ( x ), it weighs 183 grains. What are the 
specific gravities of the metal (a) and the liquid (x) ? 
3. How is the latent heat of water determined, and what are the latent heats of water 
and of steam, the latter at 212° JFahr. and 312° Fahr. respectively ? 
4. Describe the manufacture of oil of vitriol, and of Carbonate and bicarbonate of 
soda. 
5. Give the formula? representing the composition of cane-sugar, grape-sugar, and man- 
nite. Describe the relative sweetening powers of cane-sugar and grape-sugar, 
and the extent to which they are respectively soluble in cold water. 
0. Explain the processes of the London Pharmacopoeia for the preparation of diluted 
hydrocyanic acid, potassio-tartrate of iron, and solution of chlorinated soda. 
7. What are the impurities likely to be present in Glauber's salt, sulphate of copper, 
and salt of tartar, as met with in commerce; and how would you detect such im¬ 
purities ? 
