REPORT ON THE CULTIVATION 01 ? QUINIFEROUS CINCHONA. 225 
Statement of Expenditure incurred in the period between March 20, 1862, and April 30, 
1863, on account of the introduction and cultivation of Cinchonas in British Sifchim. 
Rs. as. p. 
European gardener, from March, 1862, to 30th April, 1863. 1,998 6 2 
Native gardeners. 266 7 0 
Coolies and sirdars . 677 11 10 
House rent . 910 0 0 
Travelling allowance for Europeans . 1,126 1 0 
„ „ „ Mallees . 12 9 3 
Transit of Wardian cases, etc... 1,302 7 9 
Huts for coolies, etc. 25 0 0 
Purchase and transport of flowerpots, tools, etc. 2,330 3 11 
Contingencies . 2,990 3 7 
Total, Rupees. 11,639 2 6 
APPENDIX. 
From T. Anderson, Esq., M.D., Superintendent of the Botanic Gardens, Calcutta, and 
in charge of Cinchona cultivation, to the Secretary to the Government of Bengal.— 
(No. 48, dated the 25th July, 1863). 
1. I have the honour to report, for the information of the Lieutenant-Governor of 
Bengal, that the condition of the Cinchona plants at Darjeeling on the 15th June was 
most satisfactory. 
2. In accordance with the orders of the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for 
India, no attention has been given since the 1st April to the increase of the stock of Cin¬ 
chona Pahudiana. The increase of the other species has been great, and the plants are 
in excellent condition, so much so indeed, that a plant of Cinchona succirubra had 
grown nine inches in thirty days. The number of all species on the 15th June was 
4620 (the corresponding number on the 1st June, 1862, was 211), and these plants were 
so covered with vigorous shoots that I calculated that 6000 plants could be added to the 
number of all the species, exclusive of C. Pahudiana, by 15th August, making a total 
number of 10,000 plants on that date. The most marked increase has been in the 
number of plants of Cinchona officinalis, of which I proposed only ninety-three plants 
received from Ceylon and Ootacamund on the 1st May ; these have been increased to 
573 on the 15th June. Seven hundred of the large plants of Cinchona Pahudiana have 
been planted in the open air at an elevation of 6000 feet, and though they have been 
fully exposed to all weathers, from bright sunshine to heavy rain, they are growing 
much more luxuriantly than when they were under shelter. I have for some time been 
unable to distinguish botanically between the species supplied from the Ootacamund nur¬ 
sery under the names C. micrantha, C. nitida, C. Peruviana. These seem to me, in their 
present state, to be one and the same species, probably C. micrantha. I have therefore 
adopted that name provisionally, in hopes that some of the plants, with increase of 
age, will take on the specific characters of C. nitida and C. Peruviana. Mr. Thwaites, 
the Director of the Botanic Gardens, Ceylon, and who has given much attention to the 
experimental cultivation of Cinchonse in Ceylon, finds also that from seeds supplied to 
him as C. micrantha, C. nitida, and C. Peruviana, only one species was procured, or, at 
least, as yet he had been unable to distinguish more than one species. 
3. In the commencement of June, 1863, I supplied Dr. Simpson, Civil Surgeon of 
Darjeeling, with about two pounds of fresh leaves of each of the following species :— 
C. succirubra, C. officinalis, and C. micrantha. Decoctions, prepared with water slightly 
acidulated with sulphuric acid, were very ^bitter, and three patients suffering from 
well-marked intermittent fever were cured by the administration of these preparations 
alone. Towards the end of June, Dr. Simpson and I endeavoured to examine chemically 
the nature of the leaves of Cinchona succirubra. We experimented on one pound of fresh 
leaves. Our mode of procedure was as follows:—The fresh leaves were boiled in water 
in which a certain quantity of carbonate of soda had been dissolved, and the dark-coloured 
liquor resulting was thrown away. The mass of leaves, after having all the alkaline 
water pressed out of them, was boiled in water with a small quantity of sulphuric acid. 
This was repeated three times, and the leaves were carefully squeezed at the end of each 
