LEEDS CHEMISTS’ ASSOCIATION. 
469 
it complicated and tedious, and thought a great improvement would be in generating 
the chlorine more rapidly, and more immediately in contact with the alcohol, if this were 
practicable. 
An interesting discussion, chiefly upon the supposed arrangement of the elements in 
chloral, and the probable steps that occur in its production from alcohol, followed the 
reading of this paper. 
The President then exhibited a sample of so-called Manna which had been sent to 
him for examination, which he found to contain not a particle of that substance, but to 
consist solely of rag-sugar or some other form of glucose. 
He also introduced the subject of percolation, which led to considerable discussion, the 
general opinion expressed being in favour (in the majority of cases) of wetting the in¬ 
gredients with the fluid, and allowing them to pack themselves when introduced into the 
displacement apparatus. 
LEEDS CHEMISTS’ ASSOCIATION. 
An ordinary Meeting was held on the evening of December loth, 1869, at the 
rooms of the Association in the Church Institute. In the absence of the President, 
Mr. Reynolds took the chair. 
The Hon. Curator, Mr. Payne, announced several donations to the Museum. 
The Committee appointed to adjudicate the Herbarium Prize, offered by Mr. 
Harvey, presented their award. Four collections of plants had been received for com¬ 
petition ; and as two of these possessed merits which the Committee thought deserv¬ 
ing of reward, Mr. Reynolds gave a second prize. When the envelopes containing the 
names of the successful competitors were opened, the following was the result: 
First Prize .Mr. Frederic Casson, residing with Mr. J. L. Roberts. 
Second Prize... Mr. Francis Mather, residing with Mr. Clapham. 
Mr. Abbott made a few remarks by way of advice to Associates who might com¬ 
mence to make botanical collections. . „ 
Mr. Abbott read the paper of the evening, upon “Palms, and their Uses. It 
gave an exhaustive and very interesting account of the members of this Natural 
Order, which appears to be second only to the Grasses in utility to man. 
The best thanks of the meeting were given to the lecturer, on the motion of Mr. 
Brown, seconded by Mr. Roberts. . a 
The ordinary Meeting was held on January 19tli, 18/0; the President, Mr. Smee- 
ton, in the chair. 
Mr. J. W. Hardman was elected a Member. . 
Mr. Reynolds introduced the subject for the evening, by taking the volume ot 
‘Proceedings of the American Pharmaceutical Association’ for 1868, and rapidly run¬ 
ning through its contents. The discussion on the right of pharmacists to retain 
original prescriptions, giving the patient a copy instead, as advocated by Mr. Parris 
and other prominent members of the American Pharmaceutical Association, was 
brought under notice; also the use of honey in making Hydrargyrum cum Greta, 
practised in the United States. 
The thanks of the meeting were offered to Mr. Reynolds. 
MANCHESTER CHEMISTS AND DRUGGISTS’ ASSOCIATION. 
The Third Monthly Meeting of the Session was held on Friday evening, January 7th, 
1870 
Tea, coffee, and refreshments were served at seven p.m., and those present enjoyed a 
pleasant half-hour’s conversazione previous to the more important business of the eve¬ 
ning. The Vice-President, Mr. Brown, took the chair at 7.30, and called on Mr. Sie- 
bold to deliver his lecture on the “ Atomic Theory and Modern Systems of Chemical 
Notation.” 
