June 4, 1885. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
467 
grown by them. They were raised in the garden of the monasteries by the 
monks of the town of Lisle, G-hent, Valenciennes, &c., who at that period 
possessed the finest collection of Tulips in Europe. These were purchased 
by the Dutch, and sold by them as their own raising to other countries, 
which caused their collections to be so celebrated. During the last 100 years 
the English raisers completely distanced the Dutch as producers of new 
varieties. One of the earliest and most celebrated of English raisers was 
the Rev. Mr. Wood, of City Gardens, City Road, who died about the year 
1805, leaving behind him a very fine collection of Tulips. It is supposed 
that the Tulip called Strong’s King, at one time so celebrated in the south, 
was broken from one of his breeders. Pearson of Chilwell, Holmes of 
London, Maddocks of Walworth, Clarke of Hammersmith, and others, raised 
fine varieties—the latter especially ; then came Davy of Chelsea, the raiser 
of Fanny Kemble, followed by Groom, Goldham, Headly, Hardy, Hepworth, 
and others. The varieties introduced during the last quarter of a century 
have come from the hands of various raisers. Some of them are to be seen 
in the Exhibition to-day. The flowers are divided by cultivators into four 
classes : Bizarres, Bybloemens, Roses, and Breeders, and the first three are 
further divided into feathered and flamed varieties; in the case of the 
former the beam of colour running up the centre of the petal is absent. 
Blooms of th6 same variety will sometimes be flamed or only feathered, 
but the feather must always be present in a flamed flower. The Breeders 
are seedlings which take on a self form for one or more years, when they 
break into character ; but the ground colour of a breeder always determines 
whether it is a bizarre, bybloemen, or rose breede>\ With this introduc¬ 
tion we now proceed to give particulars of the competition in the various 
classes. 
' 9 The blue ribbon of the Royal National Tulip Society’s Show is what is 
termed the cup—the first prize in the class for twelve blooms, two feathered 
and two flamed in each class. On this occasion the Rev. F. D. Horner, 
Lowfields, Burton-in-Lonsdale, Yorkshire, who had a very fine lot of 
flowers, some of great beauty. Of Bizarres : Polyphemus (Barlow’s strain) 
and Sir Joseph Paxton, flamed ; Hardy’s William Wilson and Hepworth’s 
Seedling, feathered; Bybloemens : Talisman, and Duchess of Sutherland, 
flamed ; Mrs. Cooper and Friar Tuck, feathered. Roses : Annie McGregor 
and Aglaia, flamed; and Heroine and Charmer, feathered. Of this stand 
William Wilson, Mrs. Coope* - , Friar Tuck, Hepworth Seedling, Annie 
McGregor, Polyphemus, Sir J. Paxton, and Heroine were especially fine. 
Mr. Daniel Woolley, Mitigate, Stockport, was placed second with smaller 
but generally correct flowers, having Bizarres : Masterpiece and Photo, 
feathered ; Sir J. Paxton and Masterpiece, flamed. Bybloemens : Chancellor 
and Walker’s Duchess of Sutherland, flamed ; Bessie and King of the 
Universe. Rose3 : Mabel and Aglaia, flamed ; Mrs. Lea and Julia Farmese, 
feathered. Third, Mr. T. Haynes, Warwick. Fourth, Mr. William Whit¬ 
taker. Fifth, Mr. J. Thurston, Wolverhampton. The Rev. Mr. Horner was 
first with six flowers, one feathered and one flamed in each class, again 
staging finely finished blooms of Bizarres : Sir J. Paxton, fid., and Master¬ 
piece, fea. Byb.: Talisman, fid., and Mrs. Cooper, fea. Roses : Annie 
McGregor, fid., and Mabel, fea. Mr. S. Barlow, Stakehill House, Castleton, 
Manchester, was second with small but correct flowers of Bizarres : William 
Lea, fea., and Dr. Dalton, fid. Byb. : Talisman, fea, and the same fid. 
Roses : Mabel, fea., and Hepworth’s Seedling, fid. Mr. Barlow’s collection 
is this season full of promise ; he has three beds of Tulips in very fine con¬ 
dition, but they will not be in flower for a fortnight. Third, Mr. D. Woolley. 
Fourth, Mr. T. Haynes. Fifth, Mr. John Wood. Sixth, Mr. J. Thurston. 
Seventh, Mr. Thomas Baker. There is a class for the same number of 
flowers for half-guinea subscribers only, and here Mr. H. Housley, Stockport, 
was first with Bizarres : Sir Joseph Paxton, fid., and Royal Sovereign, fea. 
Byb.: Duchess of Sutherland, fld., and Seedling, fea. Roses : Mabel, fid., 
and Julia Farmese, fea. Second, Mr. W. Prescott, with Biz.: Sir J. Paxton, 
fld., and Royal Gem, fea. Byb.: Adonis, fld., and Guido, fea. Roses : Mrs. 
Wooller (?) fld., and Lady Sefton, fea. Third, Mr. R. Wolfenden, and fourth, 
Mr. A. Feamley. In the class for three feathered Tulips, one of each, some 
pretty flowers are staged. The best is the Rev. F. D. Homer, who has 
perfect flowers of Biz., Commander ; Byb., Mrs. Cooper ; and Rose, Modesty. 
Mr. W. Dymock, Ashton, was second with Biz., Mr. Mill; Byb., King of the 
Universe; and Rose, Alice. Third, Mr. D. Woolley, with Biz., Magnum 
Bonum; Byb., Bessie; and Rose, Kate Connor. Fourth, Mr. T. Haynes, and 
fifth, Mr. Joseph Boy dell. 
Then comes a class for three flamed Tulips, and there the Rev. F. D. 
Homer was again first with Biz., Orion; Byb., Talisman . and Rose, Annie 
McGregor. Second, Mr. S. Barlow, with Biz., Dr. Hardy ; Byb., May Queen; 
and Rose, Mabel. Third, Mr. T. Haynes, with Biz., Sir J. Paxton ; Byb., 
Walkers’ Duchess of Sutherland; and Rose, Triomphe Royale. Fourth, 
Mr. D. Woolley. Fifth, Mr. A. Fearnley. Sixth, Mr. H. Housley. Then 
came a class for two Tulips, one feathered and one flamed ; a class for maiden 
growers only ; and, by way of tempting recruits to enter the Tulip ranks, 
Mr. S. Barlow generously presented to all who entered in this class some 
valuable bulbs of Tulips. On this occasion there was but one exhibitor— 
Mr. Tlios. Boydell—who had feathered Biz., Duke of Rutland, and fld. Biz., 
Sir J. Paxton. There was also a class for two Tulips, one feathered and 
one flamed, for experienced growers, which has brought a sharp competi¬ 
tion, and Mr. H. Housley is first with Biz. Sir J. Paxton, fld., and Biz. Royal 
Sovereign, fea. Second, the Rev. F. D. Horner with Rose Triomphe Royale, 
fld., and Byb., Mr. Cooper, fea. Third, Mr. Thos. Haynes with Biz. Ajax, 
fea., and Rose Aglaia, fld. Fourth, Mr. John Morris ; fifth Mr. S. Barlow; 
sixth, Mr. W. Whittaker. 
A class was devoted to the best blooms in each class of the three 
divisions—viz., Feathered Bizarres. The first flower in each is denominated 
the premier. Mr. Thos. Baker (who, singular to state, was too ill to attend 
the Show and died on this very day) was first with Masterpiece. Second, 
Mr. H. Housley with Royal Sovereign. Third, Mr. Thos. Baker with Capt. 
Winslow. Fourth, the Rev. F. D. Horner with Hardwicke’s Seedling. 
Fifth, Mr. Thos. Baker with Duke of Devonshire. Sixth, the Rev. F. D. 
Horner with Masterpiece. Seventh, Mr. D. Woolley with Sulphur. Eighth, 
Mr. W. Dymock with Mr. Mills. Ninth, Mr. Woolley with Apelles. 
Tenth, Mr. T. Baker with Royal Sovereign. Flamed Biz.—First, the Rev. 
F. D. Horner with Sir J. Paxton. Second, Mr. S. Barlow with Excelsior. 
Third, the Rev. F. D. Horner with Orion. Fourth, Mr. T. Baker with Over¬ 
haw. Fifth, the Rev. F. Tymons, Dublin, with Sir J. Paxton. Sixth, Mr. 
Thos. Haynes with William Lea. Seventh and ninth, Mr. D. Woolley with 
Masterpiece. Eighth, Mr. H. Housley with Ajax. Tenth Mr. T. Haynes 
with a seedling. The best feathered Bybloemen was John Hart, from 
Mr. W. Dymock, a new variety of great promise, and he was placed second 
with the same; third with a seedling, and fourth with Lady Denman. Mr. 
D. Woolley was fifth with King of the Universe, the Rev. F. D. Horner fifth 
with Mrs. Jackson, Mr. T. Baker seventh with Bessie, Mr. Dymock eighth and 
ninth with unnamed varieties, and Mr. W. Prescott tenth with Guido. The 
best Flamed Byb. was Talisman, from the Rev. F. D. Horner; Mr. T. Haynes 
was second and third with King of the Universe and Alice Maude, Mr. 
D. Woolley third with Trip to Stockport, seventh with Adonis, and eighth 
with Lord Dmman, Mr. T. Haynes fifth with Duchess of Sutherland, and 
tenth with Salvator Rosa, Mr. T. Baker sixth with Bessie, and the Rev. 
F. D. Horner ninth with Talisman. 
In the class for the best Feathered Rose the Rev. F. D. Horner was 
first with Heroine, second with Charmer, third with Industry, and sixth 
with Modesty, a pretty quartette of feathered Roses. Mr. S. Barlow was 
fourth with Modesty and tenth with Sarah Headly, Mr. D. Woolley fifth 
with Heroine and ninth with Julia Farmese, Mr. W. Dymock seventh with 
a seedling, and Mr. T. Baker eighth with Mrs. Collier. The Flamed Roses 
made a strong class. Mr. D. Woolley was first with Aglaia, fourth with 
Mabel, and seventh with Kate Connor ; Mr. T. Haynes was second with 
Aglaia and third with Industry ; Mr. S. Barlow was fifth with Lady Sefton, 
sixth with Anastasia, and eighth with Celestial; Mr. J, Thurston ninth 
with Amy, and Mr. W. Whittaker tenth with Mrs. Lea. 
The breeders always make a charming display on this occasion. Mr. J. 
Thurston had the best six, showing Bizarres, Sir J. Paxton, and a seedling, 
byb., two seedlings and roses, Annie McGregor and a seedling. The Rev. 
F. D. Horner was second with a stand of six very fine flowers, having Bizarrea 
Sir J. Paxton and Dr. Dalton, bybs. Talisman and Glory of Stakehill, 
roses, Lady Burdett Coutts and Lady Grosvenor. Third, Mr. S. Barlow, 
with biz. William Lea and Sir J. Paxton, byb. Nimbus and seedling, roses 
Annie McGregor and Mr. Barlow. Fourth, Mr. T. Haynes; fifth, Mr. W. 
Whittaker. The Rev. F. D. Horner had the best three breeders, one of each 
class, staging excellent blooms of Biz. Dr. Dalton, Byb. Glory of Stakehill, 
and Rose Lady Burdett Coutts. Second, Mr. S. Barlow, with Biz. Lord 
Denman, byb. Glory of Stakehill, and Rose Annie McGregor. Third, Mr. 
W. Whittaker, with Biz. Sir J. Paxton, byb. Delicata, Rose Mabel. Fourth, 
Mr. H. Housley ; fifth, Mr. A. Fearnley ; sixth, Mr. John Wood ; seventh, 
Mr. J. Thurston ; eighth, Mr. J. Boydell. The best Bizarre breeder was Sir 
J. Paxton, from Mr. Haynes, who was also seventh with Richard Yates. 
The Rev. F. D. Horner was second with Dr. Dalton, and third with Excelsior. 
Mr. W. Whittaker fourth with Sir J. Paxton ; Mr. S. Barlow fifth with 
seedling No. 6 ; sixth with Lord Delamere ; and eighth with William Lea. 
The best Bybloemen breeder was Miss Harding, from the Rev. F. D. Horner, 
who was second with Ashmole’s Seedling, and sixth with Alice Grey. Mr. 
S. Barlow was third with Nimbus, fourth and fifth with the same, and 
eighth with a seedling. Mr. T. Haynes was seventh with a seedling. The 
Rev. F. D. Horner bad the best Rose breeder in Mrs. Barlow, and he was 
second with Lady B. Coutts. Mr. D. Woolley was third with Mabel and 
fourth with Lord Derby. Mr. S. Barlow was fifth, sixth, and seventh with 
seedlings ; and Mr. W. Whittaker eighth with Amy. 
In addition to his already full share of awards, the Rev. F. D. Horner 
had the three premier flowers. The premier feather was Mrs. Cooper in his 
first-prize twelve ; the premier flamed Sir J. Paxton in his first-prize six ; 
and the premier breeder Glory of Stakehill in his second-prize six breeder. 
A first-class certificate of merit was awarded to Mr. W. Dymocks, Stockport, 
for feathered bybloemen John Hart, a seedling raised by Mr. Walker of 
Winton, from Adonis, a medium-sized flower, pure in the base, of good 
colour, and well marked. 
The sum of £67 was taken at the gates in sixpenny admissions,^ fitting 
close to a highly successful week. 
PRUNING ORCHIDS. 
The allusion on page 441 to the pruned plant of Dendrobium Wardi- 
anum here and myself induces me to state — First, That the plant is 
now producing its fourth crop of pseudo-bulbs (fourth year) without the 
aid of back pseudo-bulbs, which have been all cut away when in flower 
every season, and this year’s growths are at present about 2 feet high, 
are not nearly done growing, and are in perfect health. 
Secondly, The pseudo-bulbs that have been produced since the plant 
was first pruned are stronger and taller than those that were produced 
before it was pruned, and the pruned stumps remaining plainly show this 
to be the case. 
Thirdly, As regards showing the plant at South Kensington, I admit 
that might be a proper thing to do if I was so minded, but it is not a 
necessary course, and I am not so anxious to convince the few prejudiced 
sceptics who have opposed the practice as to send or take our plants about 
200 miles at one’s own expense merely to gratify their whims, more espe¬ 
cially as they have had frequent opportunities of seeing our plant here, 
when almost passing by our door, and have not availed themselves of 
them, although repeatedly invited to do so. Showing results of any ex¬ 
periment in London is a very convenient condition to attach by those who 
are driven to such straits ; and when contributors to the press, who vouch 
for their statements, generally acknowledge such conditions to be binding 
or necessary in all they write, I shall be ready to conform to them also. 
In no other profession or trade that I ever heard of are such absurd things 
expected or insisted upon, and it is a sign of the trammelled condition 
of horticultural opinion and the prejudice that still prevails amongst U3 
that horticulture should be an exception to the rule. I submit that when 
a gardener says such and such a thing can be done, offers to show the 
proof of it to all who choose to come and see, and tells all he knows about 
it for others to prove it also, he does all that duty demands, and more. 
Fourthly, The chief opponents of pruning Orchids of any kind have 
been Messrs. Thos. Baines, Crawshay, and a few of their friends and 
