•June 25, 1865. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
539 
variegatum, Paullinia thalictrifolia, and Pilea muscosa. Isolepia gracilis is 
very useful, and fine-foliaged Begonias. 
Peach Leaves Skeletonised (J. M. M.). —The leaves which you have 
sent have not been eaten by any insect. The immediate cause of the injury to 
the foliage is scorching, but there may possibly be a more remote cause that 
has led to the evil. If you carefully examine the injured leaves, which at 
the first glance appear as if they had been eaten by an insect, you will find 
first a dark discoloration, then a shrinkage of those parts where the tissue 
has been ruptured, and which eventually separates from the healthy por¬ 
tions of the leavs-s, and thus form holes and fissures. If the roots of the 
tree were healthy and active and could obtain the requisite moisture for 
the support of the growth, the evaporation would not have been so dispro¬ 
portionate with the supply of sap, and the withering would not have occurred 
provided there was no fault in the glass that led to scorching. As a remedy 
we should first shade the tree, either by sprinkling limewash on the glass or 
covering with tiffany, and syringe judiciously to keep the foliage fresh, then 
examine the roots and rectify any mistake that you may find there. The 
border may be too dry at the bottom, or the soil not sufficiently fertile, 
needing liquid manure, or the roots may have come in contact with some¬ 
thing that has injured them. Examine also the stock of the tree, which may 
not be healthy, or the sap vessels may be too contracted. By some cause or 
other the supply of sap is insufficient, the sun extracting the moisture from 
the foliage faster than it is supplied by the roots. A close examination 
founded on these suggestions will probably lead to the discovery of the real 
cause of injury, and a remedy will possibly be dictated by the circum¬ 
stances of the case. We have further to add that we have seen Peach leaves 
injured in exactly the same way by excessive fumigation, the material not 
having, perhaps, been the safest and best for the purpose. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers- 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should contain spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes, Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
cotton wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at ones. 
(A E. G.). —You say the name of the name of the plant, Clianthus puniceus, 
does not correspond with “ the description given nor the character of the 
plant.” We gave no description, nor did you indicate the “ character ” of the 
plant. When we first examined the dried specimen we were of opinion 
that it was of the plant named, but to gain assurance on the point we sent 
it to an authority who has the advantage of comparing with both living and 
dried specimens, and he gave the name quite in ignorance of our opinion. 
If you do not agree with the decision, will you be good enough to state 
what you consider is the correct name of the flower ? (B. B.). —2, Saxifraga 
ceratophylla : 3, Tradescantia virginica ; 4, Saxifraga Hosti; 9, Saxifraga 
lantoscana ; 10, Achillea segyptiaca; 12, Armeria plantaginea. We only 
undertake to name six plants at one time. (T. B. C.). —Fraxinus Ornus, the 
Flowering Ash. (P. E., Bolney). —The shrub is Weigela amabilis, a native 
of Japan, and sometimes seen under the name of Diervilla. (W . E. B.). — 
1, Spiraea salicifolia; 2, Spiraea opulifolia; 3, Spiraea vacciniifolia; 4, 
Euonymus europaea ; 5, Asphodelus albu3. (E. M.). —Philadelphus 
Gordonianus. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET.— June 24th. 
Trade less brisk, with heavy supplies, outdoor fruit making its appear¬ 
ance. Strawberries in large quantities. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Apples. 
. £ sieve 
0 
0 to 0 
0 
Lemons. 
•. case 
15 
0 to 21 
0 
Chestnuts .. 
bushel 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Oranges. 
.. 100 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Cobs, Kent .. per 100 lbs. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Peaches . 
perdoz. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Currants, Red 
. | sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears, kitchen .. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ Black . 
. J sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
,, dessert 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Figs . 
dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Fine Apples English., lb. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Gooseberries .. . 
i sieve 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Strawberries.. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Grapes. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
St. Michael Pines 
. .each 
3 
0 
7 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
S 
a. 
s. d 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Artichokes .. 
. dozen 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Lettuce. 
. dozen 
1 
0 
to 2 
0 
Asparagus 
. bundle 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Mushrooms .. 
punnet 
0 
0 
1 
4 
Beans, Kidney 
100 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress 
punne t 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red 
. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Onions . 
bunch 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Broccoli .. .. 
. bundle 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Parsley .. dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
6 
Brussels Sprouts 
. 4 sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsnips .. .. . 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cabbage .. .. 
0 
0 
1 
0 
Potatoes. 
cwt. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Capsicums 
100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
,, Kidney . 
cwt. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Carrots .. 
0 
S 
0 
4 
Rhubarb. 
bundle 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers .. 
. dozen 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Salsafy. 
bundle 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Celery 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Scorzonera .. .. 
bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Coleworts dC2 
bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Seakale .. .. per basket 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cucumbers 
. each 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Shallots. 
.. ft. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Endive .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach. 
bushel 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Herns .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes .. ,. 
.. ft. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Leeks .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Turnips. 
bunch 
0 
6 
0 
0 
DAIRY FARMING. 
SPRING. 
When the cows are fairly settled upon the pastures for 
summer, and they are having a full diet of fresh grass and 
Clover, the milk is at the best both in quantity and quality, 
and a correct estimate may be had of the relative value of 
the cows. This is the best time of year, therefore, for the 
work of selection, to improve the herd by withdrawing in¬ 
ferior animals from and adding better ones to it. Rules 
about the exact number of cows must be elastic, or rather 
we may suggest that heifers, when brought into the herd 
upon trial, shall not be reckoned as part of it till the second 
calving. This would be a safe rule, as it would always allow 
the requisite margin for keeping up a full supply of milk, 
cream, and butter. All dairy heifers should be in profit at 
fifteen months, so as to time the first calving as near as pos¬ 
sible at two years, the calf and milk being then calculated to 
cover the expense of keeping the parent through the third 
year of its existence, with probably a slight margin of profit. 
There are instances where a considerable profit is obtained. 
The standard of excellence at which we aim in our selections 
should depend upon local circumstances. If the herd is a 
small one—say, under a dozen cows—we have to consider 
not only the supply of good milk, but the disposal of the 
calves. Near large towns fat calves have a ready sale 
for veal at prices ranging from £4 to £7 apiece, and Jersey 
heifers in calf are in demand for suburban villas, but bull 
calves of this delicate breed cannot be regarded as profitable. 
It is for this reason that preference is so frequently given to 
the larger Guernseys, or a cross-breed between Guernseys 
and a deep-milking selection of Shorthorns, the milk being 
rich and the young stock suitable for all purposes. This 
cross may certainly be recommended generally upon home 
farms. We have this season found the bull calves exceed¬ 
ingly profitable when fattened quickly and passed on to the 
butcher. 
Upon some home farms a herd of Jerseys for the dairy 
and another of Sussex, Hereford, Polled Suffolk, or Short- 
Fron. photograph by Sehreiber and Son:, rfcilaGeJj ..in. 
horns for stock may now be seen. Of such we have seen 
several herds, either of imported Jerseys or pedigree cows of 
that famous breed, and we are bound to own that although 
many of the cows were handsome animals, yet we have never 
seen a herd of Jerseys at all equal to notable cows of which 
we are told such wonderful things. Take, for example, 
Eurotas, the portrait of whom was published in Harper’s 
New Monthly Magazine for May. Her grand-dam Alphea 
would yield milk so rich that over 29 lbs. of butter a week 
was made from it, and Eurotas made 778 lbs. 1 oz. of butter 
in eleven months and five days, and drooped a calf within a 
year from the beginning of the test. Now, a glance at the 
portrait of this famous cow shows one that she was a deep 
milker, and she is a case in point of the truth of our teaching 
that very choice herds are often the descendants of one cow, 
and half a life’s time is required to form such a herd. Let a 
