540 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ June 25, 1885. 
farmer get together a herd of such cows, and he might name 
his own price for them if he could be induced to part with 
them. Of other famous Jerseys we may mention Bomba, 
giving 21 lbs. ll£ ozs. of butter in seven days ; Mr. Fuller’s 
wonderful cow, Mary Anne of St. Lambert, giving 867 lbs. 
14f ozs. of butter in eleven months and five days, and under 
official inspection by a committee of the American Jersey 
Cattle Club she gave 36 lbs. 12 ozs. in seven days, both of 
MARY ANNE OF ST. LAMBERT. 
From photograph by Schreiber and Sons, Philadelphia. 
which tests remain unequalled. Mr. Ellms’ cow, Jersey Belle 
of Scituate gave 705 lbs. of butter in a year; her daughter, 
Belle of Scituate, gave 18 lbs. of butter in seven days; and 
Valve II. gave 25 lbs. 2 11- 12th ozs. in the same time under 
an official test. These important facts are gleaned from an 
article on Jersey cattle in America in “ Harper’s Magazine,” 
and we quote them as standards for those gentlemen who 
wish to have a really good herd of Jerseys upon the home 
farm. To try and do this not only must a cow of extra¬ 
ordinary excellence be procured, but equal pains must be 
taken to secure a bull descended from a famous cow. Even 
then the attempt thus to form a high-class herd must be 
slow, and by no means sure—barrenness, bull calves, either or 
both may prove insurmountable obstacles. The remedy, or 
rather safeguard, which naturally occurs to one is to procure 
two or three cows, but such paragons are so rare, and, withal, 
so costly, that recourse is generally had to cows of medium 
excellence for the regular family supply of dairy produce. 
The calves of this delicate race require much care, and they 
should have a full supply of milk for the first six months of 
their existence, with more solid food as soon as they can 
take it. 
It is quite possible that Guernseys may become as fashion¬ 
able as Jerseys, for they, too, give very rich milk, are equally 
pure in breed, and a larger more vigorous race. By impor¬ 
tation and breeding, the late Colonel Vernon-Harcourt got 
together a herd of magnificent Guernseys at Buxted Park, in 
Sussex. After his death the herd was dispersed, and a fine 
opportunity lost of effecting a permanent improvement in 
the dairy herds of that locality, where it is no uncommon 
thing to see herds of huge Shorthorns kept solely for milk, 
which is sent off by rail twice daily. Surely it can hardly 
answer to keep such cows for such a purpose, when few of 
them give more than eight or ten quarts of milk daily—milk, 
too, that it is so poor that it is only to be regarded as a 
marketable commodity when quite new. 
WORK ON THE HOME FARM. 
Advantage was taken of a showery time to plough in a heavy dressing 
of farmyard manure upon land cleared of Trifolium. Harrows and rollers 
followed the ploughs closely, and a strong gang of men was then at 
once set to plant it with strong plants of the large Drumhead Cabbage, 
which soon became established in the warm moist soil, and we shall be 
well rewarded for this sharp practice by a valuable supply of Cabbages 
next winter for the dairy cows and breeding flock. In hot dry weather 
transplanting Cabbages is beset with considerable risk of failure, and it 
is only the drilled crop that is then really to be d* pended upon. Both 
this crop and Thousand-headed Kale are invaluable in winter and spring. 
With a full supply of Cabbages, neither Swedes nor White Turnips are given 
to the ewes till after lambing, which tend to reduce the risk of losses from 
abortion to a minimum. Mangolds have been thinned, and we had few 
vacant spaces in the rows to fill by transplanting, for seed-germination 
and plant-growth has been as perfect as possible. A word or two of con¬ 
gratulation upon this to one of our bailiffs led to the singular d .jcovery 
that he had never done any transplanting of Mangolds, nor w-* he aware 
that it was possible to do it successfully ! Haymaking is now being 
done as fast as possible ; Clovers and Grasses are all abundant and the 
crop is a heavy one. We began a fortnight ago with nine acres of Trifo- 
folium incarnatum ; this was followed by Rye Grass, a very strong 
growth of Cocksfoot, Timothy, Foxtail, and Red and White Clover, and 
then the meadow hay. As much of the work as possible is done with 
those three important implements—the mowing machine, the tedding 
machine, and the horse rake—three important labour-Eaving implements 
which, turned to full account, now help very much to keep down ex¬ 
penses, which, do what we may, always mount up at this season of the 
year. Before the corn harvest is upon us it is a good plan to close or 
build up substantially all old haunts of rats in buildings and walls. Rats 
are migratory animals, and they will always go to corn-ricks ; hut close 
attention to the destruction of them regularly prevents any serious 
damage from these mischievous pests. We find it answer well to allow 
2d. to he paid for every rat caught about the farm. This is cer¬ 
tainly money well spent, for we never find them increase upon us to a 
hurtful degree ; and, remember, a hundred full-grown rats consume a 
large quantity of corn if left unmolested till the threshing. 
Poultry .—Especial care must now be taken to save plenty of poults 
from early broods of chickens to afford a supply of eggs next winter, for 
unless this is done we cannot hope to have eggs then. Ducklings are 
nicely forward, and for once were ready before the first Green Peas. The 
supply of young pigeons is plentiful, and they are much liked at this 
season of the year, when there is very little in the way of game to 
be had. 
PRESERVING BUTTER. 
Will you kindly favour me with receipt for preserving butter for use 
in the winter ? An answer through the Journal will oblige—J. G. 
[Butter potted now for winter use must be made with great care ; the 
buttermilk thoroughly extracted ; 3 lbs. of salt added to each 70 lbs. of 
butter; each pot or jar filled at once, not gradually, the butter at top 
covered with salt, and a bladder or parchment tied closely over the top. 
Use glazed jarp, and see that they are clean.] 
OUR LETTER BOX. 
Meadow Plant ( J . W. L .).—The “ stuff” with which you say your field 
is smothered is Black Medick or Nonsuch (Medicago lupulina). It is a 
valuable fodder plant, and instead of wanting to “ get rid ” of it you should 
be glad to see it among the grasses. We, too, have it in our Sussex pas¬ 
tures in remarkable abundance this year, and regard it as contributing ma¬ 
terially to the high quality of our meadow hay. Analyses show that as 
hay it is richer than most other fodder plants both in albuminoids and 
carbo-hydrates. 
Charlock (F. S. E .).—There is no other method of extirpating the 
weeds than by sedulously uprooting them, and the smaller they are the 
more quickly the work can be done. Not one should be allowed to 
flower. 
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 
Camden Square, London. 
Lat. 51° 32'40" N.; Long. 0° 8' 0" W.; Altitude, 111 feet 
DATE. 
9 A.M. 
IN THE DAY. 
a 
o5 
05 
1885. 
June. 
Barome¬ 
ter at 32« 
and Sea 
Level 
Hygrome¬ 
ter. 
Direction 
of Wind. 
Temp, of 
Soil at 
1 foot. 
Shade Tem¬ 
perature. 
Radiation 
Temperature. 
Dry. 
Wet. 
Max. 
Min. 
In 
snn. 
On 
grass. 
Inches. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
In. 
Sunday .... 
30.108 ‘ 
70.0 
60.2 
N.E. 
59 5 
79.1 
50.1 
111.9 
41.6 
— 
Monday. 
15 
30.104 
57.4 
54 2 
N. 
60.4 
71.4 
51.8 
110.5 
48.6 
— 
Tuesday. 
. 16 
30.072 
60.8 
53.7 
E. 
60.7 
67.7 
50.7 
112.6 
47.0 
Wednesday 
. 17 
29.862 
54.8 
52.4 
E. 
CO.8 
64 0 
51 8 
94.5 
51.6 
— 
Thursday ... 
. 18 
29.990 
59.4 
53.4 
s. 
58.7 
73.2 
42.8 
123.7 
38.6 
0.033 
Friday. 
29.837 
60.7 
57.9 
W. 
594 
69.3 
53.3 
102.7 
49.6 
0.069 
Saturday ... 
. 20 
29.541 
58.9 
51.8 
s w. 
59.2 
64.6 
54.3 
122.2 
54.6 
0.050 
29.931 
60.3 
54.8 
59.8 
69.9 
50 7 
109.7 
47.8 
0.295 
REMARKS. 
14th.—Generally fine and hright. 
15th.—Overcast early, cloudy morning, bright afternoon. 
isth.—Fine morning, cloudy at times, bright afternoon, cloudy evening. 
17th.—Heavy rain early: clondy morning; fair afternoon. 
18th.—Fint and bright. 
19th.—Rain early; cloudy morning; heavy rain in afternoon. 
20th.—Westerly gale, with sunshine and showers. 
A variable week, some days colder than those of April, hut on the whole a week ol 
nearly the average temperature and rainfall.—G. J. Symons. 
