28 GUIDE TO THE FOSSIL REPTILES, AMPHIBIANS, FISHES. 
Wall-eases 
9, 10. 
Table-eases 
30-33. 
Table-cases 
31, 32. 
Case R. 
muscles of the cheek, (iii.) in the shape of the shoulder-blade, 
(iv.) in the fusion of the hip-bones into a single innominate 
bone on each side, (v.) in the presence of a prominent elbow, 
and (vi.) in the structure of the feet. Their nearest surviving 
relatives are probably the degenerate Monotreme Mammalia 
(.Echidna and Ornithorhynchus) of the Australasian region, 
which have blood less warm than other mammals, possess 
only incipient milk-glands, and lay eggs. 
Numerous remains of Anomodontia have been found in 
South Africa, India, the European continent (especially 
Eussia), Scotland, and North America. The principal speci¬ 
mens in the Museum were obtained from the Karoo Formation 
of South Africa, where they were first discovered by Andrew 
Geddes Bain. 
Sub-order 1.—Theriodontia. 
The most mammal-shaped of these ancient quadrupeds are 
those with cutting or piercing front teeth like incisors, with 
enlarged corner teeth like canines, and with comparatively 
Fig. 24.—Right side-view of skull and mandible of a Theriodont ( Mluro - 
saurus felinus), two-thirds nat. size, with two upper teeth, nat. size 
(a, b), from the Triassic Karoo Formation of Beaufort West, Cape 
Colony. Behind the large orbit the back part of the skull is broken 
away. (After Owen. Table-case 31.) 
complex side teeth like premolars and molars. These teeth 
are, indeed, quite mammalian in appearance (hence the name 
“ Theriodontia ” or “ beast-toothed ”), but they were never re¬ 
placed during life in the same way as among mammals. They 
are especially well shown in the fine specimen of Cynognathus 
crateronotus (Case E) obtained by Professor H. G. Seeley 
