84 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ January SI, 1884. 
shaded and the summer a wet one, but I would like to hear it further 
explained. 
Although I agree with Mr. Taylor as to Vines storing sap, I cannot 
agree with him as to the very peculiar economy of that plant. The 
Willow, Bird Cherry, and other trees and shrubs will strike root from 
either end with almost equal readiness. If Vines do subsist almost 
equally on bare rocks and decayed horseflesh they are very peculiar, but 
perhaps that power their roots possess of penetrating solid masonry may 
enable them to extract something out of rocks also. The Oaks I have 
already mentioned made leaf-growth with very little, probably with no 
root-growth at all. Many hardwooded trees (Elms, for instance), send 
out roots to long distances and through what appear to be very uncon¬ 
genial substances. I once saw a rope-like mass of fibres 6 or 7 feet long 
taken from inside a lead water pipe, where it had originally penetrated 
through a very small hole. I think it was Elm, but am not quite 
certain. Most fruits drop off when they reach maturity. Probably if 
they were, like the Grape, persistent, putting the branch on which they 
grew in water might preserve them in the same way. 
Anyone wishing to find an instance of stored-up sap becoming liquid 
at the approach of spring has only to cut a few Potatoes two or three 
weeks after this. They will be found to be unusually juicy, and to my 
taste have a particularly fine flavour when cooked. I believe sap is 
stored up in the Vine and deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers in the 
same way.— Dugald. 
HARDY PLANTS AND THEIR SYNONYMS. 
Of late many complaints have been made anent the difficulty of 
procuring plants true to name from nurserymen, and as a step in the 
matter I have recorded many of the most striking and most common 
synonyms for the benefit of those who have not a large collection, and 
therefore have not the opportunities of identifying the plants. The 
nomenclature adopted is that employed at Kew, and if taken up by 
cultivators will no doubt he the dawn of a system, when confidence in 
the general naming will invite exchange without reserve. The following 
list includes only a few of the principal examples, and might he profit¬ 
ably supplemented by your correspondents as experience enables them. 
CORRECT NAMES. 
Achillea Ptarmica . 
A. tomentosa . 
Acouitnm paniculatum. 
Actinomeris helianthoides .. 
Alyssum podolicum . 
Androsace septentrionalis .., 
Armeria plantaginea. 
Asperula arvensis . 
Aster albescens . 
Alyssum podolicum . 
Bongardia Bauwoliii. 
Campanula barbata . 
C. garganica. 
C. glomerata . 
C. fragilis alba. 
C. latifolia. 
C. alliariaofolia. 
C. nitida . 
C. persicifolia. 
C. pusilla . 
C. Portenschlagiana . 
C. sarmatica. 
Campanula Trachelium 
Calendula fcgyptiaca ,... 
Callirhbe papaver . 
Calamintha grandiflorum 
Centaurea dealbata .... 
Chrysopsis villosus .... 
Codonopsis rotundifolia 
C. oyata.. 
Corydalis Halleri . 
Crambe pinnatifida .... 
Digitalis lutea. 
Dicentra cucullaria .... 
D. formosa . 
Dondia Epipactis .. 
Doronicum caucaeicum . 
SYNONYMS OR GARBEN NAMES. 
A. alpina 
A. serrata 
Ptarmica alpins 
A. aurea 
A. septentrionale 
Coreopsis philadelphieum 
SchiyerecMa podolica 
A. alsinoides 
A. lactiflora 
A. coronopifolia 
! A. dianthoides 
A. splendens 
A. azurea setosa 
! A. cabulicus 
Microglossa albescens 
Scbivereckia podolica 
Leontice chrysogonum 
C. alpina 
(C. Wrightii 
1 C. Elatine 
(C. pulcherrima 
i C. dahurica 
< C. elegans 
(C. speciosa 
C. Barrillieri alba 
/ C. brunonis 
I C. eriocarpa 
| C. macrantha 1 
i ) 
1 C. Van Houttei 
! C. lamiifolia 
C. primulifolia 
C. planiflora 
(C. coronata 
(Adenopbora coronata 
C. coespitoBa 
C. muralis 
f C. botoniesjfolia 
C. commutata 
fC. gemmifera 
! C. tubulosa 
C. plicatula 
C. urticifolia 
C. altaica 
C. stellata 
j C. pedata 
I C. involucrata 
Melissa secunda 
j C. rutifolia 
f C. imbricate 
[ Amellus villosus 
Diplopappns villosus 
' Inula viilosus 
C. lurida 
Glossocomia ovata 
C. bulbosa 
C. fabacea 
C. solida 
C. palmata 
D. parviflora 
I Corydalis cucullaria 
1 Fumaria cucullaria 
1 Cucullaria bulbosa 
( Corydalis formosa 
l Fumaria formosa 
j Haequetia Epipactis 
\ Astrantia Epipactis 
(D. cordifolium 
(D. orientale 
varieties 
CORRECT NAMES. SYNONYMS OR GARDEN NAMES. 
Erigeron aurantiacus. E. pulchellus 
E. glabellus. E. glandulosus 
Erodium pelargoniflorum. E. mauritanicum 
E. petrcea. E. absinthium 
Froqpn 
E. sessilifolium 
Cxentiana septemfida var. cordifolia. G-. gelida (“ P&xt. Mag.”) 
Creum japonicum .^5835*" 
Iris versicolor var. virginica . 
Liatris spicata.{ lT ^aminifolia 
Linum flavum. L. luteum 
Lindelophia epectabilis . Cynoglossum montanum 
Loasa prostrata . L. bryonifolia 
Lithospermum prostratum. L. fruticosum 
( L. Sieboldii 
Lychnis grandiflora .) L. Haageana 
(L. cardinale 
Malvastrum lateritum . Malva laterita 
Mandragora officinarum .{ M.‘Icaule' 8 
Malvaviscus geranioides . Modiola geranioides 
Morieandia arvensis . Brassica perfoliata 
CEnothera biennis . CE. Lamarckiana 
G5. linearis .. (E. riparia 
CE.fruticosa. f £ raser j 
(<E. Youngi 
Orobus luteus . 0 aurantiacus 
Papaver alpinum .\. P. nudicaule 
Pentstemon Bichardsonii . P. argutus 
f P. obovata 
Phlox reptans.j P. stolonifera 
(P. prostrata 
i P. canescens 
Phyteuma campanuloideB. ' P. limoniifolia 
( P. Charmelii 
Polygonum affinis . P. brunonis 
( B. uniflorus 
Banunculus earpetanus . ) B. alpinus 
(B. brutius 
Budbeckia angnstifolia . Echinacea angustifolia 
B. pinnata . ' (Obelisearia pinnata 
.(Lepachys pinnata 
B. purpurea. Echinacea purpurea 
B. hirta. B. chrysomelia 
B, speciosa . B. Newmanni 
Scabiosa Pamassi. j P teroc ephala 
. I Pterocephala Pamassi 
Silene ciliata . S. Groefferi 
S. tenuis . ” f S. rupestris 
. J S. stylosa 
S. Zawadskii . } caucasioa 
( S. odontopetala 
I S. ornata 
Saxifraga hgulata .j S. Schmidtii 
(S. crassifolia 
Scutellaria orientalis. S. caucasica 
Sidalcea oregana. Nuttallia malvceflora 
S. oregana alba . Sidalcea Candida 
Silphium ternatum . s. ternifohum 
Spirea digitata . S. palmata 
S. Ulmaria . S. Bamtschatica 
Telekia speciosa.f ?;• cordifolia 
I Bupthalmum cordifolium 
Trollius asiaticus . T. Fortunei 
I T. altaicus 
T. europoeus.j T. Ledebouri 
l T. patulus 
Tulipa australis . T. persica 
Valeriana alliariosfolia. V. asarifolia 
-Specialist. 
PAST v. PRESENT WRITERS. 
ADVICE TO YOUNG GABDENEBS. 
With your permission I would like to make a few remarks on the 
numerous letters which I have had much pleasure in reading in your 
columns the last few weeks. I was pleased to see that my “Word to 
Young Gardeners ” was the means of drawing one of the old school 
from his shell, and 1 must thank him for his flattering words of 
approval. At the same time I would suggest that he has not made 
himself fully understood. 
Thirty years ago young gardeners were not so numerous as they are 
now. Much of this increase has taken place in the neighbourhood of 
our large towns. To these centres many of our young men from the 
country find their way when comparatively inexperienced in their 
business, as they must of necessity be of town social life and manners. 
The great majority in search of fresh places find their way into some 
of our large nurseries. A few months in one of these is by no means 
lost time. A slow youth will possibly get smartened up a little, a 
conceited one is very likely to get some of it taken out of him, and 
the steady observant youth will pick up many hints worth remembering. 
While so situated, or when in a gentleman’s garden near a town, those 
who have a real love for gardening will profit by the change. They will 
visit all public parks and gardens, nurseries and private places of interest, 
and always be adding to their store of knowledge. 
On the other hand, those who have no particular interest in their 
business will rush here and there after “ wonderments,” and they will 
generally find plenty of companions ready to lead the way into all 
sorts of temptations entirely new to our young man, and if he is 
fascinated with them he may go on wasting his time, his hard-earned 
wage, and acquiring habits that will be difficult to shake off if too long 
indulged in. Such men when sent to an out-of-the way country place 
are very apt to make a speedy return to the same or some other 
