June 19, 1884. J 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
493 
winding under tunnels and ornamental bridges, passes into the sea beneath 
the pier. But insignificant as this brook may appear, the town of Bourne¬ 
mouth derives its name from it. 
In the expanse of closely cut green sward between the two longi¬ 
tudinal walks and the stream are a few pairs of circular beds, bright 
with late spring-flowering plants and shrubs ; the side borders between 
the roads and the long walks, which are connected by transversal ones 
and bridges at convenient distances from each other, being remarkably 
gay with the foliage and flowers of Rhododendrons, Flowering Currants 
(Ribes 6anguineum), White Broom (CytiBns albus), Laburnums,&c. These 
borders, as well as the “ Invalid’s Walk,” and the several shady walks 
leading therefrom among the Pine trees, which in the locality of the 
Royal Bath Hotel anl pier, climb the slopes 200 or 300 yards eastward, 
having a groundwork of Rhododendrons and a boundary of Evergreen 
Oak (Quercus Ilex), The Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo), &c., are all 
edged with Thrift (Armeria maritima rubra), and there being a couple 
of miles in length of it in the aggregate, it is very effective now, as it has 
Been for several weeks past. 
Conifer® are sparingly represented at the top end of the gardens, 
where being sheltered somewhat from the effects of the salt breeze, the 
trees are more luxuriant in growth than those in other parts of the 
garden. Indeed it is only in situations so sheltered that trees and shrubs, 
with one or two exceptions, flourish in Bournemouth, as evinced by the 
poor condition of the young Pine trees (Pinus austriaca), recently planted 
in the triangular piece of ground thus formed by the junction of the two 
principal walks at the pier entrance to the gardens. These are nearly all 
dead, and this can scarcely be wondered at, though by the erection of a 
hoarding of some kind until the trees had established themselves perhaps 
it might be avoided, as the position (the mouth of the valley, and within 
a hundred yards of the sea), is a very exposed one. Most of the outside 
rows of Pine trees along the clifTs have been killed by the force of the 
wind and wave, and salt combined. The most striking instance of de¬ 
struction thus wrought is that which meets the eye at the south-western 
angle of the Pinewood above Earl Cairns’ mansion on the East Cliff. 
Scores of these trees together, from 30 feet to 40 feet high each, are 
quite destitute of foliage. Two good seaside shrub 3 , however, are the 
green-leaved Enonymus, which within a few dozen yards of the pierhead 
on the West Cliff, is nearly buried in drift sand, and the double-flowered 
dorse ; the latter being in grand flower during the last few months on 
the East Cliff, about three-quarters of a mile from the pier. The same 
may be said of those occupying the enclosed space between the fence 
enclosing Landisfarne Gardens and the Gervis Road, where the bushes 
having become rather long and bare-stemmed, with the assistance of the 
switching hook and long crooks, Mr. Spong, Earl Cairns’ energetic head 
gardener, very properly placed in a horizontal position last spring. I 
need scarcely ad 1 that the result of this judicious treatment a year or 
two hence will be a dwarf hedge well furnished from base to summit 
with foliage and flowers of the softest yellow imaginable. Great praise 
is due to the authorities of Bournemouth for the consideration which they 
have shown in reference to the accommodation and comfort of those 
visiting the gardens, roads, and cliffs, by fixing rustic and ornamenta 
garden seats in sunny and shady nooks commanding pleasant views of 
the sea. 
The most impoitant private gardens in Bournemouth are Hume 
Towers, the residence of John Lellom, Esq, and which for the last 
fourteen years has been ably presided over by Mr. William Earp, an 
old Garston man ; Landisfarne, Earl Cairns’ garden ; and the beauti¬ 
fully laid out grounds in connection with the Royal Bath Hotel, and in 
the planting and keeping of which, together with the evidence of skilful 
culture in the various vineries and plant houses and kitchen garden, the 
gardener, Mr. Hawks, is to be complimented. 
I may be allowed to say by way of showing the rapid growth of 
Bournemouth, which now contains about twenty churches, that a pen¬ 
sioner bricklayer on this estate assisted in building the first house in 
this now celebrated “ Mentone ” of England. 
My notes would be incomplete without a reference being made to 
Mr. E. White’s floral establishment in the Holderness Road. It is a 
summer and winter garden, a young Crystal Palace, and in the pretty, 
though small, grounds in front of this huge combination of glass and 
iron are a couple of good specimens of the Chilian Pine (Araucaria 
imbricata). Ttiey are about 30 feet high, the stems being 3 feet in cir¬ 
cumference at that distance from the ground, and are furnished with 
healthy branches. Within a short distance of these are also two good 
specimens of Cryptomeria japonica elegans. Neither must I omit to 
mention the Rhododendrons in Boscombe Chine on the East Clilf, and 
the beautiful trees and shrubs in the still more beautiful burial ground 
on the steep slopes to the rear of St. Peter’s Church, where on either 
side the broad walk leading in the direction of the vicarage are thirty- 
two of the finest and most uniform pyramid oval-shaped bushes of 
Arbor Vit® which I have seen for a long time. They are about 12 feet 
high and 6 or 7 feet through, and are the picture of health.— 
H. W. Wakd. 
The Timbers of New South Wales. —It is a common error to 
assume that New S mth Wales is deficient in timber suitable for industrial 
purposes ; on the c ntrary, the Colony is rich in different kinds of wood 
cf the most valuaole character, among which the Red Cedar occupies a 
prominent place. It is one of the most useful descriptions known, being 
very durable, easily worked, and easily adapted for furniture and all 
kinds of ornamental indoor work. In some parts of the Colony there 
are large Cedar forests, in which the trees are found growing to a very 
great size, one block recently cut and shipped from the Richmond Elver 
to South Australia being valued at £600. The whole of the interior 
woodwork of some of the Government offices in Sydney is constructed 
from this wood, which has the appearance of rich, light-coloured 
mahogany. Several kinds of Gum Tree are largely used in colonial 
manufacturing industries. Among these is the Red Gum, the timber of 
which is highly valued for strength and durability, especially for piles 
and posts in damp ground. It is employed largely for ship-buildiDg, 
railway sleepers, bridges, wharves, and numerous other purposes. The 
Spotted Gum is used in a similar manner, also for naves of wheels, cart 
and buggy shafts, cubes for street-paving, staves, shingles, and general 
building purposes, where a strong, close-grained, and durable timber is 
required. Another wood of the same character is the Red Ironbark, to 
which may be added the Grey Ironbark, both of which are abundant in 
many parts of the Colony. 
GRAPE-THINNING. 
A FEW words in answer to “ J. J.’s ” criticisms (page 439), of my 
remarks on the above subject. I will take his last objection first, as it is 
the only one of importance. “ J. J.” states, “‘T. A. B.’ also says, ‘The 
berries should not touch one another.’ ” What I did say is, “Allowing the 
berries to touch each other during the stoning period is a sure way of 
producing scald.” “ J. J.” says, “ Scalding takes place when the berries 
are stoning,” which is true, and for that reason I advise lifting up the 
shoulders to prevent the various parts of the bunches resting upon each 
other, as I find that where the berries are in contact the moisture is sure 
to remain too long to be safe. All of us are not provided with efficient 
heating and ventilating apparatus. My boiler is so inadequate to its 
work, and the ventilation so badly arranged that I am not able to leave 
“ a crack ” of air all night unless the weather is very mild, if I was there 
would be less danger. I am aware that allowing the berries to touch 
each other is not the sole cause of scalding, but unless the ventilation is 
very carefully attended to it may be one cause. My bunches are not like 
some of the monsters “J. J.” speaks about: they are only moderately 
large, ranging perhaps from three-fourths of a pound to 3i or perhaps 
4 fb-i. On some of them the greater diameter is across the shoulders, 
and I fail to see how tying could be dispensed with. Tying may be and 
frequently is overdone, and unless this is altered in time the bunch will 
be spoiled, but that is no reason for dispensing with it altogether. The 
piece of twisted matting recommended for removing the bunch I con¬ 
sider more convenient than a piece of stick with Y-shaped ends. I have 
never seen a really good bunch at a show where the shoulders had not 
been tied, but in many cases I have seen the shoulders carefully held in 
position by means of a small pad of cotton wool placed under them.— 
T. A. B. 
ROYAL BOTANIC SOCIETY. 
June 18 th. 
Though less brilliant than the preceding Show of this Society, that 
held on Wednesday last was a large and beautiful one. There was a slight 
want of colour in the large tent, but no doubt the dull weather contributed 
greatly to this effect. The total number of exhibits was very large, and 
in the fruit classes especially the entries were numerous. 
Orchids. —A fine display of Orchids was again provided in the large 
tent, the plants being large and profusely flowered. The best amateur 
twelve specimens were from Mr. Salter, gardener to J. Southgate, Esq., 
Selborne, Streatham, who had beautiful examples of Dendrobium Bensonise, 
Masdevallia rosea, Cattleya Mossi® Southgatei, Odontoglossum vexillarium, 
xichly coloured, Cattleya Warneri, Dendrobium suavissimum in grand con¬ 
dition, and several others. Mr. Catt, gardener to W. Cobb, Esq., Silverdale 
Lodge, Sydenham, was a close second, having handsome specimens of 
Yanda teres, Lielia purpurata, Dendrobium Bensom®, and Masdevallia 
Harryana. Mr. F. J. Hill, gardener to H. Little, Esq., Hillingdon Place, 
Uxbridge, secured the third prize with healthy well-flowered plants. In the 
nurserymen’s class for the same number of specimens Mr. H. James, 
Norwood, was first with very large Cattleya Mossi®, Aerides odoratum, 
Odontoglossum cordatum aureum with six spikes, and Epidendrum vitel- 
linum. Mr. J. Cypher, Cheltenham, followed, showing Dendrobium Ben- 
soni® very well ; Brassavola Digbyana, Cypripedium niveum, and Den¬ 
drobium infundibuliforme. Messrs. T. Jackson & Son, Kingston, were third 
with smaller plants. 
The leading prize in the amateurs’ class for six plants was gained by Mr. 
Child, gardener to J. Bell, Esq., Garbrand Hall, Ewell, with very handsome 
specimens, Cypripedium Stonei major having four spikes of eighteen flowers ; 
Aerides Lobbi with two panicles of three and four branches each and one 
long spike ; Vanda suavis with three spikes, Oncidium ampliatum majus, 
Aerides Fieldingi floribundum, and Cypripedium barbatum supeibum. Mr. 
Salter was second with smaller but well-grown plants. Messrs. Jackson 
took the lead with six in the nurserymen’s class, showing several Cattleyas, 
Dendrobiuins, and Cypripediums in fine condition ; Dendrobium thyrsiflorum 
with eight fine spikes was especially notable. Mr. H. James was second with 
a good assortment, including a very large Anguloa Clowesi with eight large 
flowers. 
Mi-. H. James was the only exhibitor of twelve Nepenthes, securing first 
honours with a collection of large specimens similar to what have been before 
described. 
Pelargoniums. —Two beautiful corner groups were formed of these 
near the entrance to the tent, especially fine being the six Fancy specimens 
from Mr. C. Turner, Slough, who was first in that class. These were pro¬ 
fusely flowered, Delicatum, Mrs. Pope, The Shah, and Nelly Fordham being 
charming. Mr. Turner’s best six Show varieties were nearly as good, 
Comtesse de Choiseul being in the grandest condition. Ritualist, Illu¬ 
minator, and Victory were very fine. Mr. Cypher had the second place 
with six Show varieties, very neat and well-flowered plants. Mr. Wiggins, 
