JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
June 23, 1881. ] 
515 
he would see that the single Pyrethrums had far more admirers 
than the doubles, and in all probability the orders booked for the 
former trebled those of the latter, just as a great plant-manu¬ 
facturer could not produce single Dahlias fast enough this spring, 
while the doubles were comparatively uncalled for. This may be 
adjudged an expression of bad taste, perhaps, by certain florists; 
but we must accept facts, cherish freedom, and respect the judg¬ 
ment of the majority. 'Jhis as regards Pyrethrums was un¬ 
doubtedly in favour of the single flowers, which is not to be 
wondered at, for their colours were far more brilliant than those 
of the doubles. 
There is further a great variety of single forms. A select few 
were named by “ L. C.” last week, but they will not be sufficient 
for many cultivators, who without an extravagant outlay can 
have quite a good collection for the adornment of their borders 
and the decoration of their rooms. Such a collection is the follow¬ 
ing, selected from the varieties in Messrs. Kelway’s nurseries at 
Langport:—Albion, pure white ; Amy Hare, amaranth; Cal- 
phurina, French white; Cybele, French white ; Coningsbv, 
carmine ; Corelle, cherry rose ; Crimson Gem, deep crimson ; 
Dorothy Compton, flesh ; Duke of Albany, cherry red ; Foix, 
rose, white ring round stamens ; General Roberts, crimson scarlet; 
Homeius, crimson and white mottled; Juno, rosy lilac ; Mag- 
noletti, white, tinged flesh ; Mercury, rose ; Mrs. Laxton, violet 
crimson ; Romeo, scarlet; Roscius, pink ; Rosy Morn, cherry 
rose ; Sir Jos. Porter, bright carmine ; Sirdar, carmine ; Specio- 
sissima, amethyst ; Thos. Carlyle, purple crimson ; Triumphans, 
rosy purple ; Village Maid, pale flesh; Vivian, cerise ; Zanetta, 
flesh ; and Zarita, carmine rose. 
Still so fine are the doubles that they may well be grown by 
all, and will be grown by many, therefore a few choice varieties 
are submitted :—Lady Derby, silvery flesh ; Rembrandt, rosy 
purple ; Capt. Boyton, crimson scarlet; Capt. Nares, bright crim¬ 
son ; Princess de Metternich, white ; Mont Blanc, pure white ; 
Cleopatra, yellow and white ; Duchess of Edinburgh, mauve ; 
Solfaterre, cream ; Madame Billard, white, tinged rose ; Minerva, 
rose; Vance, cream, tinged flesh ; Kreimhilda, peach, tinged 
yellow ; and Flaccida, peach. 
The varieties above named all possess merit, but in the race for 
popularity I believe the single flowers w r ill win. I shall grow 
both, for I belong to the majority, and can enjoy possibly what 
an orthodox florist would despise; yet my “ragged” flowers 
probably afford me as much satisfaction as he derives from his 
symmetrical blooms.—A Free Florist. 
IS WORK.foi\theV/EEK..^ 
mmtwmrmi 
HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 
It is of the greatest importance to keep fruit trees trained to walls 
or otherwise, free from insects, which during a dry cold season such 
as the present has hitherto not been an easy task. To facilitate the 
operation the foreright and other unnecessary shoots on trained trees 
should be cut back so as to form spurs, or be removed altogether as 
may be considered expedient. In most instances the spray will be 
more infested with aphides than the older leaves at the base of the 
shoots, therefore by removing those parts much is effected towards 
the destruction of the insects if the shoots are at once collected and 
burned, whilst light and air are admitted for the early formation and 
maturation of fruitful spurs. The removal of the shoots also better 
admits of the application of an insecticide, advantage being taken 
of a calm afternoon to promptly apply it where necessary. One 
thorough application is worth many partial dressings ; and for destroy¬ 
ing some insects, particularly the black aphis infesting Cherries, the 
brown infesting Peach trees, and the blue aphis that attacks Plums, 
it is necessary to thoroughly reach the pests, for unless the insects 
are in some way disturbed the liquid passes from them without 
having any effect whatever. Ensconsed as the insects are under 
the young leaves, it is a good plan to rub the foliage with the fingers 
wetted repeatedly in the insecticide, following immediately with a 
heavy application from the garden engine. This should be followed 
in a day or two with a thorough cleansing with water, repeating as 
necessary; for frequent syringings in dry weather not only have a 
cleansing effect, but are beneficial to the foliage and advancing fruit. 
Attend to nailing or tying-in the leading shoots, and nails and 
other obstructions likely to interfere with the development of the 
growing fruit should be removed. The fruit, especially Apricots, 
should have a final thinning if necessary. The long-continued dry 
weather has been favourable to the leaf-rolling caterpillars on fruit 
trees, and for this careful hand-picking is the most effectual remedy. 
Pyramid, bush, and espalier Apples, Pears, Plums, &c., may be stopped 
and have superfluous growths removed where necessary, not stopping 
closer than to three or four buds, as, if cut-in too hard, the trees will 
probably start into second growth without forming fruit buds or 
spurs. Where the fruit is thick lose no time in judiciously thinning 
the crop; a too heavy crop causes inferiority of the present fruit, 
and inevitably results in a future failure. 
Bush fruits, such as Gooseberries, with Red and White Currants, 
should also have the shoots stopped when the growth is over-abun¬ 
dant, but the crops generally are so heavy that less growth than 
Fig. 11G.—Cains’ Portable Tent. (See page 514.) 
usual has taken place this year. In order to secure fine fruit for 
dessert the crop should be thinned, so that when ripe the fruits hang 
clear of each other. There is no comparison between the ripe fruit 
from trees carrying a too heavy crop and those with a moderate one 
in point of quality. Strawberry plants should have been mulched 
some time since, and will now require to be carefully netted to pro¬ 
tect the ripening fruit from birds. Mulching will have been found 
valuable where it has been resorted to, for fruit trees of all kinds, 
and especially Raspberries, which are suffering from lack of moisture, 
as also are fruit trees in restricted borders, ■which should when 
necessary be well watered. 
FRUIT HOUSES. 
Pines .—When the fruit commences colouring cease syringing the 
plants, and to improve both its colour and quality freer ventilation 
will be very beneficial, but not admitting air so as to reduce the 
temperature in the daytime below 80°, maintaining the night tempe¬ 
rature at 70° to ;75° ; and although the quantity of moisture in the 
house is to be gradually diminished, the water at the roots must not 
be unduly restricted. Plants started into fruit in February will, as 
regards Queens and Providence, ripen this month ; but Smooth Cay¬ 
ennes, Charlotte Rothschild, and similar kinds will not be ripe for 
three or four weeks, so that a good successional supply may be 
secured by those varieties, the period being still further extended by 
removing some of the fruiting plants to a cool airy house. Under 
ordinary circumstances fire heat should now be discontinued, except 
for providing the temperature at the roots at 80 9 to 90°, and to accele¬ 
rate plants with fruit in an advanced condition of growth. For 
successional stock such heat will be no longer necessary, as the 
temperature by reason of the assistance which is obtained from the 
heated beds rarely falls below 65° at night, and this temperature is 
most suitable for the satisfactory development of the plants. As 
they will make growth rapidly care should be exercised in the man¬ 
agement, especially in ventilation, so as to avoid an attenuated state 
