540 JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. [ June so, ik»i. 
It is thus by wide diffusion that the multitudes of bloom get in 
the main their needed attention, and that their honey is not 
provided in vain.—F rank R. Cheshire. 
(To be continued.) 
%* All correspondence should he directed either to “The Editor” 
or to “ The Publisher.” Letters addressed to Dr. Hogg or 
members of the staff often remain unopened unavoidably. We 
request that no one will write privately to any of our correspon¬ 
dents, as doing so subjects them to unjustifiable trouble and 
expense. 
Correspondents should not mix up on the same sheet questions relat¬ 
ing to Gardening and those on Poultry and Bee subjects, and 
should never send more than two or three questions at once. All 
articles intended for insertion should be written on one side of 
the paper only. We cannot reply to questions through the post, 
and we do not undertake to return rejected communications. 
Ferneries (Sussex). —There is a description of Mr. Bewley’s garden at Rock¬ 
ville on page 499, vol. ii., of this Journal; and descriptions of the gardens at 
Manley Hall in vols. xv. and xvi. 
Pear Leaves Blistered (East Berwickshire). —Your trees appear to be 
infested with the Pear tree blister moth, the particulars of which and remedy 
appear on page 475 of our issue of the 9th inst. Possibly also the roots have 
entered a wet subsoil. If this is so, draining the land and replanting the trees 
in good soil are necessary, afterwards mulching over the roots with manure ; the 
work to be done in November. 
Pelargonium Leaf Spotted (Wrenshall). — The injury has not been 
caused by an insect, but is a disease that affects plants the root-action of which 
has been defective at some time; possibly the soil has been too wet and the 
atmosphere of the house too close. We should remove the affected parts, and 
if one plant only is injured plant it in the open ground, and it may outgrow 
the disease. 
Echeverias (Idem). —There are many species suitable for bedding, but it 
is impossible to say whether they are more compact than yours, the name of 
which you do not mention. Careful management is necessary for raising 
Coleuses from seed, and even many gardeners fail in securing plants by that 
method. They are more generally increased by offsets and inserting the leaves 
in sand, the pots being placed on the stage of a greenhouse, and much care 
exercised in watering. This, however, is a slow process, and only good culti¬ 
vators are successful with this mode of increase. A temperature of 55° is 
requisite for wintering Coleuses, but 60° is better, while some of the hardier 
forms may be preserved if the temperature falls occasionally to 50°, the plants 
being kept rather dry. 
Fumigating Melons (D. D). —You have no doubt injured the plants. Two 
or three light fumigations on successive nights are always safer and more effec¬ 
tive than one powerful dose of tobacco smoke. If there are insects still on the 
plants, syringe them and dust them while wet with tobacco powder or snuff. 
By keeping them quite free from insects and maintaining a ;genial temperature 
the plants will probably recover. 
Onion Attacked by the Maggot (E. B. if.). —We fear there is no 
remedy for the plants that are so seriously attacked, as the Onion fly deposits 
her eggs within the leaf sheaths of the plants, and the maggots form in the 
centre of the bulbs. Various preventive measures are recommended that are 
more or less effectual, and which will be referred to, also the other, questions, 
in a future issue. 
Grapes Ripening (A Reader ).—If your Vines are healthy and growing 
freely you need not be alarmed about the wood ripening; we like to see it ripen 
with the Grapes if the Vines are strong. 
Insects on Vines (A. C.). —There are no insects on the Vines except red 
spiders, and these we could wash off with the syringe. Fumigation is of no 
use, but you might apply sulphur, paint the hot-water pipes, and heat them 
until the sulphur fumes are perceptible ; or sponge the leaves with a solution of 
soft soap or nicotine soap. 
Pansies (L.J.K.). — All the flowers are Show varieties except 3 and 5, 
which are Fancies; the former of these is worthless and_not deserving a distin¬ 
guishing name, the latter too withered to judge as to its merits. 
Grapes Shanking (L. If .).—From the description given it appears that 
you have treated the Vines reasonably, and the quantity of piping named would 
be quite sufficient. Shanking is generally caused by overcropping or defective 
root-action, the latter arising from stagnant soil causing the roots to decay, or a 
very dry border causing them to shrivel. You do not say whether the border 
is in a good moist condition, nor yet the extent of the crop allowed. We suspect 
the defect is traceable to one of these matters. 
Parcels Insecurely Packed.— We frequently receive specimens sent in 
such fragile boxes that they are quite crushed in transit through the post. We 
also occasionally receive plants and sprays without numbers and without any 
letters in reference to the specimens. Now and then we receive parcels from 
which the contents have escaped. This week we received a small, broken, and 
empty paper box bearing the Manchester postmark. A direction label has also 
come to hand which had been stamped at Liverpool, the parcel to which it was 
attached having presumably been lost in transit. Correspondents who do not 
find any reference to what they have sent may well bear such facts as these in 
mind. 
Lilium Monadelphum v. Szoviteianum (W. II. II.).— The state of the 
Lily bloom was not such as to enable a very correct judgment to be formed - 
Enough, however, was apparent to say that it is a variety of Monadelphum, if 
not Monadelphum itself, the latter being probably the case. A note from Mr. 
James McIntosh, a large and successful cultivator of Liliums, refers to Mon¬ 
adelphum, as follows “The Lily was first introduced, I believe, as ‘Monadel- 
phum Szovitsianum," it afterwards became known as ‘Colchicum,’ and now is 
frequently called ‘ Colchicum Szovitsianum.’ I transcribe an extract from Mr. 
H. J. Elwes’ Monograph of the genus Lilium, which is instructive—’ Lilium 
Monadelphum (the Caucasian Lily), abundant in many parts of the Caucasus, at 
an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. Likes a strong soil in England. Scent dis¬ 
agreeable to some, pleasant to others. One of the earliest of flowers. Ripens 
seed freely in most seasons. Seed germinates quickly, but the seedlings grow 
slowly, and Mr. Ellacombe reports do not flower till the tenth year after sowing. 
Introduced by Messrs. Loddiges early in the century. There are several varieties 
which are fairly distinct, but run into one another so closely that I think better 
to follow the high authority of Mr. Baker in considering them as varieties only. 
I would here point out, though I am not at all confident, that these two forms, 
Monadelphum and Szovitsianum, can in all cases be well separated, yet as a rule 
they may be distinguished by several characters, among which the colour of the 
pollen, which is red brown in Szovitsianum and lemon yellow in Monadelphum, 
is the most conspicuous. Monadelphum is also from a fortnight to three weeks 
earlier in flower, and when first showing above ground usually has its flower 
buds exposed, whereas in Szovitsianum they are concealed by the leaves until 
the plant is just ready to bloom.’ ” You will thus be able to determine the no¬ 
menclature of your plant, but from what we could see of the colour of the pollen 
we conclude the name is L. Monadelphum. 
Heating Pit (II. Taylor).—In order to heat the pit satisfactorily it will 
be necessary to have a flow and return pipe for it. We should have a branch 
pipe put in at D, and bring the pipe above the bench, this being of course the 
flow pipe, and then take it beneath the bench so as to join the return pipe from 
the greenhouse at D. Instead of employing 4-inch pipes as in the greenhouse, 
3-inch would give you sufficient heat in the pit, indeed more than sufficient to 
exclude frost. 
Erecting Greenhouse (B.). —Your sketch is totally insufficient. No one 
can inform you as to the proposed sufficiency or otherwise of piping in houses 
unless not only the form and aspect but the length, width, and height of the 
structures are named. Besides, you show 240 feet of 4-incli. pipes in the new 
house, and ask us in your letter if 2-inch pipes will be sufficient. If you send 
an amended plan and make your case clear to us we will readily advise you on 
the subject; with the data you have afforded it is quite impossible for us to 
answer your letter usefully. 
“ Pelargonium-flowered Pansies” (L. J. K.). —We do not know a 
section of Pansies distinguished by the above term by any accepted botanical 
or 'Horticultural authority. It is no doubt a fancy name applied by some cul¬ 
tivator of Pansies, the blooms of which did not appear to him to properly 
belong to either the Show or Fancy sections. With the view, however, of aiding 
you to obtain what you require we make your desire known by quoting from 
your letter—“ I wish to obtain the name of the foreign grower of Pelargonium- 
flowered Pansies, as I am desirous of obtaining plants of named varieties. The 
great English growers of Pansies say that they have none of that sort; but as 
I have seen flowers I know that some nurserymen abroad must grow them, and 
as Pansies travel well by post plants could easily be sent if I knew to whom to 
apply.” If those who have any “ Pelargonium-flowered Pansies ” will send us 
blooms of them the information sought shall be conveyed to our correspondent. 
Dagmar Peach (G. S.). —The fruit you have sent was much crushed, but 
judging by the glands on the leaves and the peculiar gelatinous flesh we think it 
of the above variety, which is described as follows in the “ Fruit Manual: ”— 
“ Fruit round, and marked with a shallow suture, which is deepest at the apex. 
Skin very tender, more than usually downy, of a pale straw colour, almost 
entirely covered with minute crimson dots, so dense that they nearly form a 
solid mass of colour; but here and there small patches of the yellow ground 
colour show through and give the appearance as if the fruit were mottled with 
yellow. Flesh white, with a gelatinous appearance ; it is so tender as to melt 
entirely away in the mouth, and the flavour is very rich aud vinous. Mowers 
small. Leaves with generally kidney-shaped glands, but occasionally they are 
round on the small leaves. This is one of the varieties which exhibit various 
formed glands on the same plant. This ripens about the 10th of August. It 
was raised by Mr. Rivers, and is the second generation from Early Albert, which 
lie also raised, and was named in honour of Princess Dagmar of Denmark, sister 
of the Princess of Wales.” 
Marechal Niel Rose (L. G. S.). —If you permit the growths to extend 
under the influence of light and air, thinning out any of the shoots to prevent 
overcrowding, but not shortening the others, they will be firm and mature in the 
autumn, and will produce flowers freely in the spring. The pruning in winter 
must be limited to the removal of the immatured tips, the growths remaining 
practically their entire length. 
Morello Cherries Falling (/’. J., Cork).— There are several causes that 
result in a portion of the fruit dropping—imperfect fertilisation, spring frosts 
occurring at a critical time, an excess of fruit beyond the strength of the tree, 
and immature wood, the consequence of overcrowding and the absence of sun 
and air in the autumn. You manage your tree differently from the method 
ordinarily adopted and recommended. If you had read attentively the instruc¬ 
tions that have been given from time to time in “Work for the Week” you 
would have perceived that after thinning out, by disbudding, superfluous 
growths the remainder should be secured to the wall their entire length between 
the main branches, precisely the same as Peach trees are managed, as both 
Peaches and Morello Cherries bear chiefly on the wood of the current year’s 
growth, as also do Black Currants. Yet we have seen good crops of Morello 
Cherries on the spur system of management; the other, however, is the more 
certain, and we advise you to try it. The young growths when secured to the 
wall must be sufficiently thin to allow of the full development of the foliage, as 
overcaowding is a common source of failure. 
Daisies and Plantains on Lawns (P. K.).— The presence of Daisies 
in great numbers is usually indicative of poorness of soil, but it by no means 
follows if manurial dressings are applied that the weeds disappear. The best of 
all remedies is to dig up the lawn, carefully forking out all the weeds, and clean¬ 
ing the land, then adding if possible a surface dressing of good soil, free from the 
roots and seeds of weeds, and sow the whole thickly with clean lawn seeds 
obtained from a nurseryman or seed merchant, and not swept up from the hay¬ 
loft. By this practice a fresh verdant lawn may be had in a few weeks. One 
drop of sulphuric acid placed quite in the heart of each plantain will destroy 
those weeds, and we have seen Daisies eradicated by AVatson’s lawn sand, and 
occasionally we have seen it fail; in the latter case possibly the instructions for 
use had been deviated from in some apparently simple yet important respect. 
These should be strictly carried out in every particular. 
