JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
16 
[ January 5, 1882. 
by an accidental fire that laid waste a great part of a forest. Its 
growth upon rocks of marble where no earth appears and so high 
above the surface of the water, renders it a matter of both surprise 
and pleasure. Upwards of forty islands in the lakes are covered with 
an intermixture of these trees and other shrubs, besides at least a 
fourth part of the ascent of the mountains, the verges of whose 
bases, like that of Mangerton and others, are washed by the waters of 
the Lakes.’ Many interesting inquiries are suggested by this tree. 
Dr. Cooke writes to me to say that the plants of the Arbutus in Kew 
Gardens have no fruit. Why should it ripen at Killarney so readily 
and not at Kew ? and again, why is it found so common in Kerry and 
nowhere else in the Biitish islands ? Let me add one word of caution 
to those of my readers who may be intending to visit Killarney next 
year, and who may wish to buy any of the ornaments said to be made 
from the wood of the Arbutus. This wood is very rarely indeed used 
for that purpose, as it is very difficult to work on account of its 
extreme hardness.” 
f| 
WORK. foi\the WEEK..' 
|plp 
WtiI Ml w/Jrn 
fJ '( ‘JSlIlfe 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Such operations as digging, trenching, and applying manure are 
well advanced, but where from the press of other matters these are 
in arrear an effort should be made to have them performed with as 
little further delay as possible. 
As the seed lists are arriving we are reminded that the time has 
come for securing the needful supplies for the ensuing season, and, 
therefore, give the following list of vegetables that have proved the 
best of their kinds as a guide to the uninitiated. Peas—William I. 
and First and Best in the earliest sorts, which grow about 3 feet 
high. Of the second or general crop sorts Criterion, Telephone, and 
Huntingdonian, which grow 5 or G feet high; whilst Dr. Maclean 
Marvel, Stratagem, and Yeitch’s Perfection are of medium height. 
For late crops Ne Plus Ultra and Emperor of the Marrows growing 
about 7 feet; and for medium height Maclean’s Best of All and 
Premier. Broad.Beans—Carter’s Leviathan, Monarch Longpod, and 
Improved Windsor. French or Dwarf Kidney Beans—Osborne’s 
Forcing, Canadian Wonder, and Negro Longpodded ; and of the tall 
or running varieties Scarlet Champion. Beet — Egyptian as an* 
early sort, Dewar’s Dwarf for general crop, or Pine Apple Short-top 
Borecole or Kale is well represented in Dwarf Curled and Cottager’s. 
Broccoli—Yeitch’s Self-protecting Autumn, for the season indicated 
and winter ; Cooling’s Matchless and Leamington for spring use, and 
for late use Lauder’s Goshen and Model. Of Brussels Sprouts The 
Aigbui th is very fine, but the sprouts are too large for some, hence 
imported seed may be preferable. 
Cabbage.—Ellam’s Early Dwarf, Hill’s Incomparable, and Non¬ 
pareil Improved, with Red Dutch for pickling. Of Carrots Early 
Nantes, James’s Intermediate, and Red Surrey. Cauliflowers—Early 
London,Walcheren,andVeitch’s Autumn Giant; for forcing,Yeitch’s 
Early Dwarf. Celery—Major Clarke’s Red, Williams’s Matchless Red, 
Sandringham Dwarf White, and Wright’s Giant White. Of Chicory, 
if it be grown, Brussels or Witloef is the best; and of Cress, Curled. 
Cucumbers—Telegraph is the most generally useful variety for any 
purpose, and for outdoor growth Stockwood Long Ridge. Endive 
—Round-leaved Batavian and Picpus Green Curled. Leeks—Mussel¬ 
burgh. Lettuce—All the Year Round and Neapolitan Cabbage for 
summer, and Stanstead Park for autunJn sowing ; Early Paris 
Market being valuable for sowing early in frames. Of Cos varieties, 
Alexandra White for summer, and Brown or Bath Black-seeded for 
autumn sowing, Brown Sugarloaf being suitable for cither winter or 
summer cultivation. 
Melons.—Davenham Early, Eastnor Castle, High Cross Hybrid, 
Read’s Scarlet-flesh, and William Tillery. Onions—Reading, White 
Spanish or Portugal, Brown Globe, and James’s Keeping ; and for 
autumn sowing, White Lisbon and Giant Rocca. Parsley—Fern¬ 
leaved is fine for garnishing. Parsnip—Hollow-crowned Improved ; 
Student being esteemed for its fine flavour. Radish—the Scarlet 
and White Forcing Turnip with French Breakfast and Wood’s 
Frame are the bestjforj forcing early, also for late sowings ; Red and 
White Turnip and Long Scarlet for summer. Of Savoys Early Ulm 
for early crops, Drumhead ar.d Dwarf Green Curled for general crop. 
Tomato—Orangefield [Dwarf, Yick’s Criterion, and Hathaway’s Ex¬ 
celsior. Turnip—Early [Purple-top Munich, Early Snowball, and 
Yeitch’s Red Globe, with Orange Jelly for August sowing for winter 
use. Yegetable Marrow—Custard, and Short-jointed Long White. 
Continue taking up and placing [under cover any early Broccoli 
which may be coming into use, a/good supply of Cauliflowers being 
still forthcoming from pits, and Snow’s Winter and Yeitch’s Autumn 
Broccolis are good outdoors. In order to meet the demand for Peas, 
when they[first[come into use sow plentifully to meet the requirements, 
sowing a good breadth of such kinds as William I., First and Best in 
drills about 3 feet apart on a south or warm border. For sowing at 
the base of south walls American Wonder is very desirable. Long- 
pod Beans may also be sown on warm borders. Those sown in 
November will need dusting with quicklime, soot, or dry wood ashes 
to preserve the growth from the slugs. Where Peas were not sown 
in November a sowing may now be made in pots, placing about a 
dozen peas in each 3-inch pot, and standing them in any house from 
which frost is excluded, and when the seedlings are about 3 inches 
high the pots should be transferred to cold well-ventilated frames 
to welljharden the plants preparatory to placing them out on warm 
borders when the weather is favourable in the spring. Although 
such kinds as William I. are most suitable for this purpose, others 
required early for exhibition—such, for instance, as Stratagem—may 
be treated similarly, a couple of seeds being placed in a pot; also 
Leviathan Bean, placing one bean in a 3-inch pot. Give regular 
attention to Cauliflowers and Lettuces in frames or under handlights, 
endeavouring to keep them sturdy by removing the top or sashes 
when the temperature reaches 35°, except in wet weather, when they 
should be tilted. 
Forcing Department .—Introduce fresh roots of Asparagus, Sea- 
kale, Rhubarb, and Chicory, and maintain the requisite supply of 
Mustard and Cress by making occasional sowings; also French 
Beans. On prepared beds, when the soil has become warmed, sow in 
drills Early Horn Carrots and Radishes in alternate rows about 
3 inches apart. The best Radishes for early forcing are Scarlet and 
White Forcing Turnip, French Breakfast and Wood’s Frame are also 
excellent. Potatoes which are growing freely should be earthed up 
when requisite, and fresh beds as the soil becomes warmed planted 
with sets previously prepared ; 10 and 11-inch pots with three sets in 
each are a ready means of securing early crops of Potatoes, advancing 
them in Peach houses, which is also a suitable place to start sets for 
succeeding crops, placing them not too thickly together on a layer of 
leaf soil, slightly covering them with the same. Continue preparing 
materials for fermenting beds and lining. Two or three parts Oak or 
Beech leaves to one of stable litter giving a mild and durable heat is 
most desirable, they being thrown into a heap, turned over occasion¬ 
ally, and watered if necessary. Sow Celery in pans for the first early 
crop, also Tomatoes, keeping them near to the glass. Tomatoes in 
pots should when showing the second leaf be potted off singly in 
3-inch pots, and placed in a warm house near the glass, so as to keep 
the plants sturdy. French Beans in pots should be earthed when 
sufficiently advanced in growth, keeping them as near the glass as 
possible and in a temperature of not less than G0°. Introduce fresh 
supplies of roots of Mint and Tarragon in pots or boxes to a house 
where there is a gentle heat. 
FRUIT HOUSES. 
Peaches and Nectarines .—In the earliest house the trees are now in 
flower, and should have a night temperature of 50° to 55°, and in the 
day allowing an advance to G5° from sun heat, ventilating freely 
above 55° whenever the weather is favourable for so doing. Admit a 
little air at the top of the house constantly. Whilst the trees are in 
blossom syringing must cease, but the paths and borders must be 
damped in the morning and afternoon of fine days ; and if fermenting 
materials have been placed in the house this will hardly be necessary, 
as the moisture arising will be sufficient, especially at this time of 
the year. Under no conditions must a close atmosphere be allowed. 
In the driest and warmest time in the day artificial impregnation is 
