July 19, 1883.] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
63 
bably either the Yeast Plant or the Vinegar Plant, though we cannot deter¬ 
mine which it he without seeing a specimen or being furnished with a full 
description. Both these fungi have been regarded as peculiar forms of 
species of Penicillium. The Rev. M. J. Berkeley in his “ Introduction to 
Cryptogamic Botany ” says—“ It is quite clear that yeast is merely an 
abnormal state of a fungus, very different in habit and forced into a peculiar 
mode of development by its submerged position.” Again, in another portion 
of the book he observes—“Yeast is in fact nothing more than a peculiar 
condition of Penicillium, which is capable of almost endless propagation 
without ever bearing perfect fruit.” Under the microscope the Yeast Plant 
is seen to consist chiefly of small globules, while the Vinegar Plant consists 
of delicate interlaced threads. 
Names of Plants ( J. . IF.).—Euonymus europreus. (H. B.). — 1, Lychnis 
chalcedonica ; 2, Veronica spicata. ( F. T. A ).—The blue flower is Trachelium 
coeruleum. The Fern-is Adiantum macrophyllum. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— July 18th. 
Large supplies, with trade quieter, have considerably reduced prices all round. 
Crops of soft fruit generally good, and prices in favour of buyers. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
«5. 
d. 
s. 
d 
Apples .. 
. h sieve 
0 
0 
to 0 
0 
Grapes. 
.. lb. 
1 
3 
to 3 
6 
»» • • 
.. per barrel 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lemons. 
10 
0 
20 
0 
Apricots 
box 
2 
0 
2 
6 
Melons. 
2 
0 
3 
6 
■Cherries.. 
£ sieve 
4 
0 
10 
0 
Nectarines .. 
dozen 
6 
0 
10 
0 
Chestnuts 
bushel 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Oranges. 
.. 100 
6 
0 
10 
0 
Currants, Black . 
1 sieve 
j sieve 
4 
6 
0 
0 
Peaches. 
dozen 
6 
0 
12- 
0 
,, Red 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Pears, kitchen 
c\ozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Figs 
dozen 
2 
0 
3 
0 
„ dessert 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Filberts.. 
0 
0 
o’ 
0 
Tine Apples, English .. lb. 
2 
0 
3 
6 
Cobs .. 
100 lb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Raspberries .. 
.. lb. 
0 
3 
0 
5 
Gooseberries .. . 
J sieve 
2 
6 
3 
0 
Strawberries.. .. 
0 
3 
0 
9 
VEGETABLES. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Artichokes 
# # 
. dozen 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
Mushrooms .. . 
punnet 
1 
0 
to 1 
6 
Asparagus, 
English bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress 
punnet 
0 
2 
0 
3 
.A. s p cir ti .Gf u s i 
French bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions . 
bushel 
2 
6 
3 
6 
Beans, Kidney 
100 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley .. dozen bunches 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Beet, Red 
. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Parsnips . 
dozen 
i 
0 
2 
0 
Broccoli .. 
. bundle 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Peas. 
quart 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Cabbage .. 
. dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Potatoes. 
cwt. 
G 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicums 
100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
„ Kidney . 
cwt. 
6 
0 
7 
0 
Carrots .. 
. bunch 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Radishes .. dozen bunches 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers 
. dozen 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Rhubarb. 
bundle 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Celery 
. bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsafy. 
bundle 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Coleworts 
doz 
bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera 
bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers 
. each 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Seakale . 
basket 
0 
0 
0 
0 
"Endive . . 
. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Shallots . 
.. lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Fennel 
. bunch 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach. 
bushel 
2 
6 
3 
0 
Herbs 
. bunch 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes .. .. 
.. lb. 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Leeks 
. bunch 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Turnips . 
bunch 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lettuce .. 
. score 
1 
0 
1 
6 
THE SUSSEX BREED OF CATTLE. 
(Continued from page 41.) 
The Sussex cattle exhibited at the Royal Show at Kilburn 
gives us the opportunity of bringing to notice the stock of 
the most successful breeders in the year 1879, the year in which 
the show was held. It was particularly noticed that the large 
frames of the Sussex animals, evenly covered with firm flesh; 
their freedom from the lumps and patchiness of fat which is but 
too common in showyard specimens of some other breeds; their 
wonderful formation on the loins and ribs, there being no space 
left unfilled between the hip and the rib; their uniformity and 
•excellence of colour; and their evident constitutional power and 
hardiness, mark them out as one of the most valuable beef-pro- 
ducing breeds. At this show the class for old bulls was very 
good, most of the entries were noticed by the judges. The 
champion prize for the best male was awarded to a very good 
yearling, entered by Mr. Hodgson, Lythe Hill, Haslemere, 
Surrey. The Right Hon. the Speaker wins the second in this 
class from his estat 5 at Glynde in Sussex. Messrs. Heasman of 
Angmering, Sussex, win the first and second prizes for calves. 
The cow class was considered of remarkable merit. Mr. Braby’s 
“Bouncer,” the champion female, was greatly admired; she had 
a, great level table-like back, and was excellent on the ribs. Mr. 
Braby’s first-prize heifer, together with Messrs. Heasman's year¬ 
lings, are of great merit. 
We have been rather particular in naming the winners upon 
the occasion of the great International Exhibition in London, 
because we desire to lay before our readers the names of the 
breeders of those specimens which indicate the promise of main¬ 
taining animals of a large outline and great muscular frame. 
In the future we not only wish to preserve the size of the 
Sussex stock for the production of animals capable of tillage of 
the land as working cattle, but also to prevent the anxiety shown 
by breeders for exhibition causing too great a diminution in the 
size of their choicest animals, and to a certain extent reduce 
them in the estimation of the tenant farmers as rent-paying 
animals. 
We cannot now refer to breeders of Sussex stock whose names 
figured at the meeting of the Bath and West of England 
Association held at Tunbridge Wells in 1881, although 126 Sus¬ 
sex cattle were entered for prizes upon that occasion, and which 
was certainly the greatest number of the breed ever exhibited at 
any meeting yet held in this country. It occurs to us, however, 
that it will be well to make some observations relating to Mr. 
Braby’s herd, to whom we have just referred as the owner of the 
champion cow “ Bouncer,” for it may be of some importance 
to know that the Maybank herd contains much that is worthy 
of attention at the present time. In connection with Mr. Braby’s 
herd is the offshoot herd belonging to his son, Mr. Ernest 
Braby, at Drungwick. The Maybank and Drungwick herds 
are now worked together, one bull bought by Mr. E. Braby at 
Messrs. Heasman's sale doing duty for both. “Never sacrifice 
constitution for symmetry.” These were Mr. Braby’s own 
words, and they seem to strike a keynote and to suggest the 
main line of his own practice as a breeder. Not that his 
animals want symmetry; of that they have quite as much as 
animals bred for symmetry regardless of constitution; but con¬ 
stitution is of primary importance, and it is easier to control the 
forms of animals sound in their vital organs and of robust health 
than to restore lost vigour or to purge away hereditary taint. 
It would be well if breeders of the live stock of the farm gene¬ 
rally, of whatever kind, thought more than they usually do of 
the paramount importance of good constitution. 
The Maybank herd, as a first-rate breeding herd, may be 
said to date its commencement as far back as 1865, and within 
the sixteen years of its existence its representatives in the 
show yard have brought home in round figures sixty first and 
second prizes (some of them repi’esenting two, as prize and 
medal or prize and cup), inferior honours not counted. These 
prizes were won from 1867 to 1881 inclusive, at the Shows of 
the Royal Agricultural Society of England, the Smithfield Club, 
the Bath and West of England, the Royal Counties, and 
various local societies. During these sixteen years, too, the 
health of the herd has been remarkably good, no infectious 
diseases having broken out, illness of any kind having been 
extremely rare, and quarter-evil unknown. This disease— 
common in Sussex and Kent—is in both counties called puck 
a name derived from former times and traditions. Pedigrees 
were not so much attended to by Sussex breeders sixteen years 
ago as they are now, and do not now receive nearly so much 
attention, as breeders will find to their advantage, if their cattle 
are ever to draw foreign and colonial buyers. 
The Maybank foundation dams were drawn and selected 
from stocks of known purity and acknowledged excellence, and 
bulls of superior character and breeding were obtained. A 
notable sire, Jonah (187), of the strain of the late Mr. Thomas. 
Child, was used in the herd with excellent results. Jonah, 
when slaughtered, weighed 200 stone (of 8 lbs.) dead weight, 
and had 24 stone 6 lbs. of internal loose fat. The family which 
has most distinguished itself in Mr. Braby’s hands is that 
descended from Beauty (1151), a cow by Mr. Thomas Child’s 
Blackstone (68), who, besides other produce, gave birth to 
Bouncer (1472) by Jupiter. The long list of prizes won by 
Bouncer includes the champion prize for the best female in 
the Sussex classes at Kilburn, as above stated, and the reserve 
number for this championship was that of Rival (1813), Mr. 
Braby’s first-prize heifer. 
We will again quote from a paper by Mr. Win. Housman 
as given in the Agricultural Gazette in November, 1881, when 
on his visit to the county of Surrey. He says :—“ Two herds 
are selected as representing the Sussex cattle in the county 
of Surrey—those of the Earl of Onslow at Clandon Park 
near Guildford, and those of Mr. James Stewart Hodgson of 
Lythe Hill, Haslemere. The bulk of the herd of the Earl 
of Onslow’s herd is kept at the home farm at Dedswell, about 
four miles from Guildford. Here are, in a lot of twelve, four 
of six animals purchased at Mr. James Braby’s sale at Rudg- 
wick; Princess, conspicuous by reason of her great length and 
size, good outline, and fine pair of true Sussex horns; she is 
six years old, and traces through the Maybank’s herd to the 
strains of Mr. C. Child and the late Mr. W. Botting; and 
