September 20. 1883. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
250 
out the following as being certain to please our Scottish friends who may 
have fallen in love with the reigning beauty Union Jack, H. W. Pettitt, 
Itosahnd, Pantaloon, Wanderer, Baron, Paragon, White Queen, Dr. Moffat, 
Emerald, and Juarezii of course. Mr. Robert Ure, of 70, Leith Street, had a 
most notable display of wreaths, crosses—partly artificial, partly natural. 
The Liverpool Horticultural Company exhibited a new Adiantum in the 
way of concinnum latum, but denser. The Lawson Seed and Nursery Company 
showed a table of miscellaneous plants and some good hand and breast 
bouquets, two of the latter made of Rowans, Snowberry, and Salisburia 
adiantifolia pleased us particularly. Messrs. Methven &. Sons, Edinburgh; 
Smith, Stranraer; and Montgomery, Cardross, also exhibited interesting 
collections. 
Cut Flowers. —Messrs. R. P. Laird & Sons staged collections of bouquet 
Dahlias and single Dahlias in bunches, Hollyhock and Dahlia flowers ; from 
Messrs. Lamont & Sons, Joppa, came single Dahlias, one flaked crimson 
being fine ; two pots of Hyacinthus candicans were shown by the same firm ; 
Mr. Forbes, Hawick, showed boxes of border Carnations, pretty and useful 
for cutting, and single Dahlias, also very fine Pentstemons and Verbenas ; 
Messrs. Cocker & Son, Aberdeen, had collections of Show Carnations and 
Picotees and a box of handsome Tea Roses. We understand the attendance 
of visitors was fully equal to the average, owing to the fine weather, and 
the Show was a decided success. 
here another season. One good mass in the garden is 2^ feet 
through, quite round, a beautiful flat green flake of foliage 
bearing a hundred of its beautiful spikes of flowers, which are a 
rosy-red colour, changing to a true red as they become older. 
A brief description of the plant may be of use to those un¬ 
acquainted with it. The stems, which are rather woody and 
prostrate, are furnished with copious, alternate, finely seriated 
leaves, slightly acuminated, G inches in length, and barely 1 inch 
in the widest part, with a gradual tapering to the base, and stand 
erect. The flower stems, which spring from the previous year’s 
growth, are 10 to 12 inches in length, furnished with small re¬ 
mote scarcely spreading leaves, and terminating in a dense spike 
of flowers 2% to 3 inches in length. It is a native of the Hima¬ 
layas,. and commences flowering with us in August, and continues 
gay till stopped by autumn storms and frost. It is well adapted 
for planting in damp or wet places; indeed it is much more at 
home when growing under such conditions.—T. Entwistle 
Wood Lawn , Didsbury. 
HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS. 
Anaphalis triplinervia.—Pvohahlj one of the most handsome 
and interesting of the hardy herbaceous Everlastings when well 
grown. It came into cultivation in this country about the year 
1823, but, like many more good old plants, it has become com¬ 
paratively forgotten, though it has 
much to recommend it for the rock 
garden or the flower border. It loves 
a moist cool soil, and has proved 
one of the hardiest plants I am ac¬ 
quainted with. It has safely passed 
through the late three severe winters, 
a test for many hitherto hardy plants. 
It is of very neat habit, making dense 
tufts 8 to 12 inches in height, and is 
readily increased by division. Leaves 
about 3 inches in length, oblong, 
entire, and slightly decurrent; the 
upper smaller ones narrow, heart- 
shaped ; branches and under side of 
leaves cottony, upper side dark green. 
Elower heads silvery white, in dense 
corymbs, afterwards loose and about 
3 inches across. It comes into bloom 
about the end of July and continues 
throughout August, but its beauty 
lasts much longer owing to the per¬ 
sistent character of the flower heads, 
which remainuntil injured by autumn 
winds and rain. It is a native of 
Northern India, and grows at an 
altitude of 8000 to 9000 feet. 
Tommasinia verticillaris (Koch).—■ 
Out of the 1300 species of Umbel¬ 
liferous plants only a very small 
per-centage are cultivated for their 
decorative character, the vast ma¬ 
jority being useless for ornamental 
purpose:. The plant in question, 
which is rarely seen in gardens, is one worthy of some considera¬ 
tion. In small gardens small-growing neat-habited plants only 
should be employed, but in large gardens tall growing n ble-foliage 
plants can be emoloyed with marked effect. The old Heracleum 
giganteum has long held its own as a plant most suitable in 
relieving the monotonous appearance of many large shrubberies 
and borders. T. verticillaris, on account of its strikingly 
different foliage, would make a pleasing feature if associated 
with the Heracleum. It has much the appearance of the wild 
Angelica, but taller, more robust in foliage, and more floriferous, 
with its compound umbels of flowers on long peduncles in whorls 
along its stout purple stems, which reach to the height of 7 to 
9 feet. It seeds freely, by which means it is increased. Native 
of Piedmont in Italy. 
Polygonum affine. —This is better known as P. brunonis, but 
the first name is probably the oldest, and is the one now kept 
up in establishments of authority. It is still uncommon in 
gardens, though it could be easily procured from any respectable 
grower of herbaceous plants; but it is only when the garden 
becomes destitute of floral beauty that many plants can get 
credited for the good qualities they possess, and the plant now 
under notice is one of these. P. affine is now at its best, and ought 
to be liberally grown in gardens where a constant succession of 
hardy flowers is desired. We intend to make better use of it 
SUBSOIL EXAMINATION. 
In answer to the query of “ F. J.” on page 208 about an instrument 
for examining the subsoil of gardens, I send you a sketch of a simple 
and efficient boring tool, which I had made several years ago when 
searching for stone for road-making, and which is admirably adapted 
for his purpose. The stem is three-quarters of an inch square solid iron 
above the union A, below it is 1 inch, and thickens slightly downwards 
to the top of gouge-like scoop, which is 2 inches in diameter and 1G inches 
long. The handle is in two pieces similar to c, each 20 inches long, 
which are screwed together with a couple of stout screws with eyelets 
like D, and the handle is screwed together very tight to keep it from 
shifting by a small iron bar passed through the eyelets. This kind of 
handle is very convenient for shifting up or down as may be necessary. 
The connection at A (fig. 49) is by means of a male and female screw, and 
the stem may be lengthened indefinitely for deep boring by adding 
more lengths with a male screw at one end and a female screw at 
the other.— Edwabd Luckhuest. 
Wasps Devoueing Uneipe Peaes. —Would some kind correspon¬ 
dent inform me if it is usual in other parts of England to find wasp3 
attacking the late, hard, unripe Pears, devouring them so fast each year 
that I am obliged to pick crops long before the fruit is ripe ? This day 
I have three fine fruits destroyed of a fine winter Pear. Next to it is an 
early very sweet fruit I shall gather to-morrow ; this and my Bon 
Chietien Pears are never attacked by wasps. In this garden for three 
consecutive years this has been the case—viz., all my finest unripe 
winter fruit is devoured if not gathered ; the early-ripening Pears are 
not touched. We cannot put bottles to trap them on 200 or 300 trees 
as we do on a wall.— Saxobing. 
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FRUIT-FORCING. 
Peaches and Nectaeines. —Malting Borders .—Where it is deemed 
expedient to plant in early houses or to furnish new ones the borders 
must be prepared without delay, so that the trees may be planted at the 
close of this month or at the beginning of October. The border should 
be 36 inches deep, and the bottom incline to a drain, having proper fall 
and outlet, and 9 to 12 inches depth of drainage provided, placing the 
roughest at the bottom and smallest on the top, securing it with a layer 
of turves grass side downwards. The soil should be in a moderately dry 
condition and firmly. Good rather heavy loam four parts, one part burnt 
surface, and a part lime rubble thoroughly mixed together, form a suit¬ 
able compost for all stone fruits. No manure should be added, as the 
trees will grow quite strong enough for the first half dozen years ; and 
when a stimulant is required it is best given as a mulching, and the 
employment of liquid manure when the trees are swelling oil their 
fruit. 
Selecting Trees and Varieties .—An early selection of trees is advisable, 
making choice of those that are well furnished and that have not made 
a strong growth, but have firm short-jointed wood. The trees should be 
lifted carefully, preserving all their fibres, and kept moist until they are 
planted in the borders prepared to receive them. For an early house 
select Peaches Alexander, Hale’s Early, Large Early Mignonne, and A Bec- 
The second house should comprise such standard varieties as Royal 
