November 8, 18RS. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
401 
after a few years, though limited as to number, will be sure to bear even in 
bad seasons, and thus secure a supply of fruit when it is most wanted.—B. 
SINGLE ROSES. 
. 1 must begin by saying I am not by any means a great admirer of 
single Dahlias, about which just now there seems to be a craze, but as I 
Fig. 76,—Fixing flower in cup. 
love every flower by all means let them be exhibited. However, I fully 
agree with “ A. C.” (page 354), as to the propriety of classes at the 
National and other great shows for single Roses. Before, how¬ 
ever, we do have such classes, it would be wise to lay down 
some guide as to the properties of the single Rose. I have 
seen single Dahlias with from eight to ten petals. Surely this 
must be a mistake. Is not eight the legitimate number ? It 
seems to me that in single flowers with large petals the 
number of petals should be strictly limited. In your issue 
of October 18th are engravings of two single Dahlias—Lucy 
Ireland, with eight petals, and Fairy Pet with, well, it is diffi¬ 
cult to say, but I should fancy at least twelve to sixteen. 
Moreover, in this variety, if I may so put it, the row of petals 
seems to be double. If this multiplication of petals continues 
it will be very difficult to say what constitutes a single Dahlia. 
I cannot help thinking eight the legitimate number, but I 
should be glad if the voice of authority spoke on this matter. 
As a boy I well remember the old single Dahlia, which, as I 
imagined, by selection was converted into the show Dahlia of 
the present day ; perhaps, however, I am wrong in this. 
As regards a single Rose, however, I imagine the proper 
number of petals is five, but if there is a looseness of regulation 
as regards the Dahlia, why not for the Rose ? 1 apprehend 
that one great point in judging the single bloom in flowers 
professing to be round must be its rotundity, with as little of 
the stellate character as possible. Of course if more than 
five petals are allowed for the Rose, and more than six or eight 
for the Dahlia, it is easy to obtain the circular outline by 
number of petals, which would obviate the otherwise stellate 
appearance. This, it seems to me, should not be permitted ; 
hence arises the necessity in making these single flowers—• 
show flowers—of adopting some hard-and-fast line as to the 
number of petals. A Pansy with six or eight petals would 
immediately be out of the running. Why not a single Dahlia 
exceeding a certain number of petals? 
It must be allowed that the single Roses would be very beautiful. 
The round cupped form, the beauty, arrangement, and number of 
the stamens, and the obtaining of some colours, as in the orange-and- 
yellow, at present unattained in exhibition varieties, would all add to the 
fascinations of a Rose exhibition, and I hope “ A. C.’s ” appeal to our 
good friend “ D., Deal," may not be lost. But before the ball is opened 
let the subject be well ventilated, and thanking “ A. C.” for his kind 
notice of the Rose election, I send these thoughts for consideration on the 
Bubject.— Joseph Hinton. 
Madame Falcot Rose. —Let me recommend this beautiful and 
very hardy Tea Rose. It has rich, clean, dark foliage, is a certain and 
abundant bloomer, exquisite in bud-colour, a rich apricot, and very 
lasting. Few surpass this old friend. Madame Falcot never sticks or 
dams s, neither, I think, does Marie Yan Houtte. Many of the close 
Roses, as Madame Bravy, President Willermoz, do.—A. M. B. 
AUTUMN-BEARING RASPBERRIES. 
These are not so extensively cultivated as they deserve to be, seeing 
that they come into bearing just at the time the supply of kindred fruits 
is being exhausted, and continue to yield good supplies until stopped by 
the frost, a fact which considerably enhances their value. This year the 
crop is, as it has been for several years past, very good, the canes being 
until late in October studded with fruit. Belle de Fontenay is the 
variety we principally grow, and is the best autumn-bearing Raspberry 
that I am acquainted with. It is a robust grower and prolific bearer 
of large dark red fruit, having a pleasant flavour. 
Raspberries, like everything else worthy of being cultivated, pay wel® 
for liberal treatment. Therefore a piece of ground in a warm situation 
should at once be deeply trenched and liberally manured. In this plant 
the canes in rows 4 feet apart and G or 7 inches asunder in the row. And 
the stronger the canes are when planted the better will be the results the 
following year ; for although the canes now planted will have to be cut 
down to within an inch or two of the ground in February or March next, 
the young canes subsequently proceeding from these stools, and which 
will produce fruit during the autumn, will, in proportion to the strength 
of the latter, be more or less strong. When planted the canes should be 
tied either to a couple of wires strained to light oak posts driven 
firmly into the ground 18 or 20 feet from each other, or strings fastened 
to sticks, the former beiDg the better and neater way of training ; and 
then have a mulching 3 or 4 inches thick of half-decayed dung placed on 
between the rows. 
It will be seen by the foregoing remarks that the autumn-bearing- 
Raspberries, unlike the summer-bearing varieties, bear fruit on the 
current year’s shoots, those of the preceding year’s growth being, as 
already stated, cut away in early spring; therefore, all superfluous 
growths in the way of suckers should be kept cut away during the summer 
months, so as to concentrate the flow of sap to the development and con¬ 
solidation of fruiting canes, otherwise the result, although all other 
cultural details may have been properly attended to, will not be satisfac¬ 
tory. In conclusion I may add that the size and quantity of the fruifr 
will be greatly increased by giving the canes half a dozen good 
soakings of liquid manure during the interval from the middle of 
August to the middle or end of September; indeed, in the absence of 
rain at that time such waterings will be absolutely necessary to assist the- 
fruit attaining a presentable size.—H. W. Ward. 
THE PHYLLOXERA. 
A Kentish correspondent having forwarded to ns some Vine root® 
which we examined and found infested with the phylloxera, has in reply 
to our notification of the fact sent us the following letter with additional 
specimens of Vine roots. 
“ I send you another piece of root from the same Vine, and you will 
find it even more thickly covered with insects than the former; also a 
piece of lateral shoot and leaf to show you the vigour of the Vine, which 
is a Black Hamburgh. The introduction of the pest here is a mystery. 
Fig. 77.—Chrysanthemum stand and box. 
