426 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER 
[ November 15, 1883. 
all the spring flower shows, and have been allotted separate classes, it 
is obvious there should he some rule to distinguish one from the other, 
such as there are in Carnations, Picotees, and Pinks. 
I have seen exhibited in a class for twenty pots of Pansies (nursery¬ 
men) some of the same varieties that the same exhibitor staged in the 
class for twenty pots of Violas, and gained prizes in each case. There 
is no rule by which a judge can disqualify them. It is very easy to see 
the difference in the case of such varieties as Blue Bell, which is only 
removed one step from its parent, Viola comuta. But raisers have not 
been satisfied to stop at the first cross ; they have continued crossing until 
the hulk of the so-called Violas resemble Pansies more than they do their 
parents on the cornuta side. 
I enclose a copy of a group of Pansies grown by Mr. Hogg, florist, 
Paddington, 1834, considered the best then in cultivation; and I think 
if Mr. H. Cannell, jun., could see it he would be convinced that the 
Pansies grown by his great grandfather a hundred years ago were not 
nearly so go@d as some of those called Violas at the present time. One 
of the group named Lucy seems to me exactly like Viola lutea Grievii. 
Now compare Viola Sovereign, Holyrood, and many others with the 
enclosed copy, and it will he seen at a glance that the best Pansies of 
1834 were only poor Violas of the present day; and if separate classes 
for Pansies and Violas are not to become a farce it is time there was 
some distinguishing rule by which judges may be guided. I have often 
thought that a rule something like that suggested by Mr. W. J. Murphy, 
if it could be carried out, would be a move in the right direction—that 
a Viola shall have distinct lines radiating from the centre, all those 
having a solid blotch of colour would then have to be classed with the 
Pansies ; but the difficulty is, Who are the authorities to carry out any 
rule, as I am not aware of any Pansy Society such as the Rose Society, 
the Auricula Society, &c.—W m. Plant. 
[There is a Scottish Pansy Society, and the matter in question is 
•well deserving of consideration by the Committee. The group of flowers 
referred to shall be seen by Mr. Cannell.] 
CHRYSANTHEMUM SHOWS. 
EASTBOURNE, NOVEMBER 7TH. 
The first Show of this new Society was held in the Floral Hall, Devon¬ 
shire Park, Eastbourne, an excellent place for an exhibition—large, light, 
and lofty; and being illuminated with the electric light in the evening made 
the Show very effective. The exhibits generally were very satisfactory, 
and gave good hopes that the Exhibition will be repeated another season. 
Cut Blooms. —These were very fair, of good substance, though the Show 
•was early. Mr. J. Ridout, Reigate, was first with twenty-four incurved, 
having blooms of good size, excellently finished, very fresh, and even, 
though there was an absence of monster “ back rowers,” as some call 
them. The varieties were Lady Hardinge, Beauty of Stoke, Mr. Brunlees, 
Emily Dale, Mrs. W. Shipman (fine), Mrs. Heale, Lady Slade, Prince of 
Wales, Gloria Mundi, John Salter, White Venus, Cherub, Golden Eagle, 
Novelty, Nil Desperandum, Geo. Glenny, Venus, Mrs. Dixon, Antonelli, 
Beverley, Mrs. G. Rundle, Miss Hope, Aurea Multiflora, and Bendigo—a 
new sport from Mrs. Heale, the colour something like Angelina, only 
lighter in the centre ; this was the finest bloom in the Show, and was 
awarded a first-class certificate. Mr. Jupp, Torfield Gardens, Eastbourne, 
was a fair second with similar varieties. Mr. J. Ridout was again first 
•with twenty-four Japanese blooms, very highly coloured flowers of good 
size and substance. The best were Peter the Great, Elaine, Triomphe du 
Nord (grand), Bertie Rendatler, Soleil Levant, Madame C. Audiguier 
(not very good for this variety), Fair Maid of Guernsey, Chang, Erecta 
Superba, Bouquet Fait, Etoile Toulousaine, Fulgore (very fine), Albert, 
Nuit d’Hiver, Comte de Germiny, Chinaman (good), Source d’Or, James 
Salter, La France, Lady Selborne, and L’lncomparable; Mr. Jupp was 
second some distance behind; and R. Russell, Esq., Lewes, third. In the 
class for thirty-six Japanese in twenty-four varieties the blooms were very 
uneven—indeed, it was too large a class for so young a Society, as the 
result showed, the number having to be made up with exceedingly small 
blooms. Mr. Ridout again took the premier prize; Mr. Jupp was second; 
while for twelve large Anemones, twelve incurved, twelve Japanese, and 
twelve triplets (Pompons) Mr. Jupp carried off all the first prizes. 
Plants.— The best group in the Show was from Messrs. Scott & Co. of 
Ceylon Nursery, Eastbourne, covering a space of some 600 square feet, and 
most artistically arranged under Tree Ferns—not for competition. There 
were seven other groups of 75 feet, besides numerous well-filled classes for 
pot plants. A very artistic arrangement for a dinner-table was put up by 
a bashful young lady, who would not let her name be known. This 
consisted entirely of Japanese flowers. Messrs. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, 
brightened the Show with their usual fine collection of double and single 
Pelargoniums and select Primulas. Mr. Davis of Camberwell, who 
officiated with Mr. Cannell as Judge, exhibited a stand of superb blooms of 
miscellaneous Chrysanthemums, including the beautiful Mary Major. 
A first-class certificate was awarded to Mr. Ridout for Chrysanthemum 
Bendigo , a sport from Mrs. Heale, which is described in the report of the 
Royal Horticultural Society’s meeting. 
BRIXTON, November 9th. 
A vert attractive display of blooms, specimen Chrysanthemums, and 
miscellaneous plants was provided at Brixton as the commencement of the 
exhibition season in the metropolitan district. Several very good stands of 
incurved and Japanese blooms were staged, all that could be desired in 
finish, though in some instances a little wanting in size. The specimen 
plants were not quite so numerous, and the fine examples that were once the 
ornament of the Show are still missed, but those staged showed an improve¬ 
ment generally. Orchids were remarkably good, and formed quite a little 
exhibition in themselves. All the exhibits were well arranged, and the 
general system of management is creditable alike to the Secretary Mr. Hall, 
and the Committee which aid him so well in his work. As usual the lecture 
hall adjoining the Congregational Church, Brixton Hill, was the site chosen, 
and it was satisfactorily filled. One of the principal features of the Show 
was a charming group of Orchids and Ferns from Mr. Salter, which were 
tastefully arranged at one end of the hall to form a bank of rich green foliage 
and bright flowers of great beauty. Amongst the most notable plants were 
Cypripedium Harrisianum, several good Phalmnopses, and Cymbidium gigan- 
teum with a long handsome spike. The Judges signified their appreciation 
of this fine group by awarding Mr. Salter a first-class certificate for it, an 
honour which was well deserved. Another contribution not iD competition 
was a large and choice collection of single Dahlias from Mr. T. S. Ware, Tot¬ 
tenham, which attracted much attention owing to the lateness of the season 
for such flowers. They were, however, as fresh and brightly coloured as 
some were a month ago. 
Cut Blooms .—Collections of twenty-four incurved blooms were staged by 
four competitors, the best being that from Mr. C. J. Salter, gardener to 
J. Southgate, Esq., Selborne, Leigham Court, and though of medium size 
they were very neat, fresh, and of good colour. The varieties were Prince 
of Wales, John Salter, Beauty of Stoke, Empress of India, Mrs. Shipman, 
Lady Hardinge, Golden Emperor, Refulgence, Barbara, Beethoven, Jardin 
des Plantes, Rev. J. Dix, White Globe, Caractacus, Isabella Bott, Nil De¬ 
sperandum, Mrs. J. Rundle, Lady Slade, Queen of England, Lord Derby, 
George Glenny, Prince Alfred, Mrs. Dixon, and Baron Beust. The second 
position was assigned to Mr. J. Holmes, gardener to M. Storey, Esq., Nightin¬ 
gale Lane, who had smaller blooms of similar varieties. Mr. T. Sadler, 
gardener to C. Lambert, Esq., Leigham Court Road, took the third place, 
his position being due to the comparative want of substance in the blooms. 
Five stands of twelve incurved blooms were entered, all of average merit. 
Mr. W. Slade, gardener to J. Wilson, Esq., Upper Tooting, won first honours, 
closely followed by Mr. E. Cherry, gardener to Mrs. Gabriel, Streatham, and 
Mr. T. Sadler. For six incurved blooms Messrs. Salter, Sadler, and Green 
were the prizetakers. A maiden class was provided for twelve incurved 
blooms, for which much the best samples were staged by Arthur Margetson, 
Esq., Leigham Court Road, who was awarded the first prize ; but the second 
and third collections from Messrs. Lynch, gardener to Spencer Wicks, Esq., 
Streatham Hill, and W. Clarke, gardener to T. Bass, Esq., Christ Church 
Road, were rather weak. 
The class for twenty-four Japanese was a good one, the exhibits being 
very close in merit. Mr. J. Holmes, gardener to G, M. Storey, Esq., Night¬ 
ingale Lane, was adjudged the premier prize for blooms of good size, fresh, 
and bright. The varieties were Baronne de Prailly, James Townsend (seed¬ 
ling), Tendresse, Alba Plena, Dr. Macary, Triomphe du Nord, Madam Burnet, 
Criterion, Rosa Bonheur, Countess Beuregarde, Chang, Elaine, Curiosity, 
Hiver Fleur, Elegance, Bouquet Fait, Thunberg, L’lncomparable, Comte de 
Germany, Pere Delaux, Gloire de Toulouse, The Sultan, Peter the Great, and 
Magnum Bonum. Mr. A. Holmes, gardener to A. B. Hill, Esq., Clapham 
Park, was close second, and Mr. J. Young, gardener to T. Hicks, Esq., Streat¬ 
ham Hill, was third with blooms but little inferior to the preceding. The 
competition with twelve Japanese blooms was keen, no less than six stands 
being entered. Mr. Salter was first with very good, fresh, and substantial 
blooms, Messrs. W. Glide, Cherry, and Sadler following closely in the order 
of the names. Stands of six reflexed blooms were contributed by Messrs. 
T. Sadler and J. Holmes, who were placed first and second respectively, their 
blooms being fairly good, not large, but substantial and richly coloured. 
Three good collections of twelve large Anemone varieties were contributed 
by Messrs. J. Young, Swain, and Salter, one creditable stand of Pompon 
Anemones securing Mr. Livermore the first prize in that class. 
Specimen Plants .—The principal class for plants was for six incurved 
varieties, and in this Mr. Cherry took the lead with moderate-sized specimens, 
but neatly trained and well grown. The varieties were Beethoven, Mrs. 
Dixon, Prince of Wales, Venus, fine; John Salter, and Mrs. G. Rundle. 
Mr. Clarke followed with rather poor examples. For three plants Messrs. 
Cherry, Clark, Gates were the prizetakers. A maiden class was provided 
for three plants, incurved varieties ; Mr. J. T. Salter, gardener to M. Shepherd, 
Esq., Roupell Park, taking the chief prize with moderately good plants, the 
blooms not very large but neat in form. For six Pompons, not pyramids, 
the leading position was assigned to Mr. Cherry, who had well-flowered, 
neatly but not formally trained examples of Brilliant, Calliope, Sunset, La 
Vogue, Perle, and White Cedo Nulli. Mr. J. Weston, gardener to D. Mar- 
tineau, Esq., Clapham Park, was second; and Mr. J. Howes third, both 
showing well. Mr. J. Weston also had the best three Pompons, fairly well- 
grown plants, Mr. Cherry and Mr. W. Clarke following closely. Six 
beautiful pyramid Pompons gained Mr. E. Cherry the premier honours in 
that class, as they were freely flowered but not formally trained, contrasting 
very favourably with some of the others which had the shoots tied in very 
closely. Mr. C. Livermore took the second prize with less well-flowered 
examples. The best three standard Pompons were shown by Mr. W. Clarke, 
neatly trained specimens of Madame Marthe, Calliope, and St. Michael. 
Messrs. R. Clarke and C. Livermore were the other prizetakers in this class 
with similar plants but not quite so freely flowered. 
Miscellaneous Plants .—Orchids constituted a decided attraction in the 
Show, and for the time of year were extremely good. The principal class 
was for six plants, in which Mr. Salter won leading honours with healthy 
freely flowered examples, such as he invariably stages. Cypripedium 
Spicerianum had seven fine flowers ; Cattleya gigas three flowers of a good 
variety ; Vanda caerulea a fine spike of thirteen flowers ; and Oncidium 
crispum had a large panicle of flowers. Mr. Luff was second, his most note¬ 
worthy plants being the creamy white-flowered Lycaste lanipes with three 
blooms, Dendrobium superbiens with a spike of thirteen flowers, and 
Masdevallia tovarensis in a pan with sixteen flowers. With three Orchids 
Mr. Salter was again first, showing Cattleya gigas, Vanda caerulea of good 
colour, and Lycaste Skinneri. Mr. C. Livermore followed with Vanda 
suavis, Zygopetalum Mackayi, and Cattleya Acklandise, Mr. J. Young being 
third with Dendrobium nobile, Lycaste lanipes having six flowers, and 
Oncidium Papilio, while an equal third was adjudged to Mr. Weston, 
who had Maxillaria picta very well flowered. For a single specimen Orchid 
Mr. Salter won first honours with Cypripedium Harrisianum in beautiful 
condition, and bearing twelve handsome flowers. 
Fine-foliage plants were well shown by several exhibitors, Mr. W. Clarke 
winning first honours with four specimen Crotons, Weismanni and Veitchi 
being very notable for their size and health. Mr. E. Cherry was placed 
