July 14,1881. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
45 
Ellam’s Early Cabbage ( Judsori ).—It is an excellent early variety, o£ 
compact growth, and hearts quickly. As the quality, we have found that 
nearly all Cabbages are good when generously grown ; this we know is good, as 
we have grown it during the present season. About the last week of tire present 
month is a suitable time for sowing Cabbage seed. It is important that it be 
sown very thinly in an open situation. It is a good practice to sow in drills 
6 inches or more apart, saturating them, if the soil is dry, before the seed is 
sprinkled in them, and covering the ground with mats for three or four days 
afterwards, removing them at night. The covering must cease the moment the 
first seedling appears, or the whole will be ruined. This shade is only necessary 
during very hot and dry weather. 
Pelargoniums at Kensington (J. P ).—We do not undertake to state 
the names of all the varieties shown at exhibitions, but we are enabled to give 
you the names of thirty of those in Mr. Charles Turner's winning collection of 
thirty-six show varieties : the others were unnamed seedlings :—Alice, Consti¬ 
tution, Duke of Connaught, Emperor William, Faust, Hector, Heroine, Mountain 
of Light, Maid of Perth, Minotaur, Ritualist, Sir Walter Scott, Trojan, The 
Baron, Amethyst, Bertie, Claribel, Countess, Dauntless, Douglas, Fireball, Forti¬ 
tude, Illuminator, Invincible, Joe, Magician, Marmion, Modesty, Valiant, and 
Virgin Queen. 
Names of Plants (if. (!.).—As you remark that your tree produces 
flowers we will endeavour to supply you with the name of it if you will send us 
a flowering spray. We cannot identify the tree from the small flowerless speci¬ 
men you have sent. (F. L. P .).—The Salsafy, Tragopogon porrifolius. ( J. McP.). 
—Agrostemma Githago. 
Modern Bee-keeping (C. V. .4.).—As you state that you “prefer the 
silence which is golden,” and as you do not state the names of any individuals 
who feel themselves aggrieved, we fail to see that the publication of your letter 
would serve any useful purpose. We perceive that you do not question the 
accuracy of the statements in the article to which you refer. 
Moths in Hive (II. D .).—It is difficult to eject them if they obtain a 
footing in a hive, where they will deposit their eggs, and they now and then 
increase so as to cause its entire destruction. When these vermin have estab¬ 
lished themselves we know of no remedy but driving the bees into another 
hive. 
The Destruction of Queens—Water for Bees (II. M.). — Under 
the circumstances you suppose young queens get hatched only very exception¬ 
ally. The rule is this : Weather permitting, the swarm issues at the time of the 
sealing of the most forward queen cells ; but if weather does not then allow the 
colony to depart, the queen cells are still continued and sealed in due course. 
This condition of expectancy may last some days, but if no opportunity arrives 
for the bees to fulfil their intention they abandon it and tear open the royal 
cells and destroy their occupants. Generally, no doubt, the movements of an 
unhatched queen within her cell showing that her exit is imminent, stimulate 
the bees to decision, and the work of destruction begins. When a super is ac¬ 
cepted the queen cells within could not be more advanced than the stage of 
sealing, and then it would be grubs or nymphs, not queens, that would be killed 
and ejected. Water should always be placed near bees, so managed that they 
cannot commit suicide by drowning. Water is always useful, but it is essen¬ 
tial when honey is not being collected. Freshly gathered honey i3 both food 
and drink, but the thick evaporated honey of sealed honeycomb needs to be 
mixed with water before it can be used in grub-raising. 
POULTRY AND PIGEON CHRONICLE. 
THE DISEASES OF SHEEP AND LAMBS. 
(Continued frompage 21.) 
The epizootic foot rot or murrain with our mode of treatment 
of the sheep whilst suffering under the disorder having been 
described, we must now allude to the disease known to veterinary 
practitioners as “vesicular epizootic” or the “foot-and-mouth 
disease.” It has been described as follows :—“ This affection is 
highly contagious. When once produced it will spread rapidly 
through a whole flock, and may be communicated to other cattle, 
like the ox, pig, &c. It is ushered in by fever. The sheep becomes 
extremely lame, it walks upon its heels, there is much tenderness 
upon the coronet, in two or three days the hoof round the entire 
foot begins to separate, and blisters have formed round at the 
union of the hair and hoof and between the toes. The duration of 
this disease, if proper remedies are applied, is from seven to four¬ 
teen days. Treatment: Freely purge the sheep with .salts and 
sulphur, keep them quiet, their feet clean, and recovery will take 
place within a fortnight. Should any part of the hoof be sepa¬ 
rated it may be removed, and the foot dressed with the vitriolic 
lotion, as recommended in the epizootic foot rot.” This descrip¬ 
tion bears much resemblance to that which we gave last week as 
the symptoms of the epizootic foot rot. It will, however, make 
some difference to the home farmer as to which ^complaint his 
sheep suffer from, for although they both yield to the’same treat¬ 
ment, yet the foot-and-mouth disease is temporary, whilst the 
sheep are always liable to attacks of foot rot in very wet seasons. 
Transferring Bees from an Old Skep (Bertie ).—The bees need not 
necessarily be removed because the top of the skep has sunk, for even if the combs 
have so dropped that their bottom edges have met the floorboard, then the bees 
will channel passage way in sufficiency for themselves. As the skep is old and 
tender it may be wise to drive a swarm from it into a new hive, placing this 
swarm upon the stand of the old skep and removing the latter a couple of yards 
or so. Three weeks after the whole of the brood will have hatched, so that a 
second driving will leave only combs and honey. The new-driven swarm will 
now be added with proper precautions to the bees in the new hive. Two or 
three days before driving the second time it would be an advantage to bring the 
hives close side by side. The old hive will now yield its honey without any loss. 
The swarm of course should be fed. or at this late season it would hardly be able 
to prepare for winter. Feeding swarms is always good economy. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.—JULY 13. 
We have now seen the bulk of the Strawberry crop and arc_ busy with bush 
fruit and Cherries, supplies being good and fair remunerative prices made. 
Grape trade heavy. 
FRTJIT. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
0 
0 
Lemons. 
OtolS 
0 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Melons . 
2 
6 
4 
0 
ft. 
0 
3 
0 
9 
Mectarines.. 
4 
0 
10 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Oransres .... 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Currants, Black.. 
i sieve 
6 
0 
6 
6 
Peaches .... 
4 
0 
12 
0 
„ Bed.... 
i sieve 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Pears.kitclien .. dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
TJM CTQ 
dozen 
4 
0 
6 
n 
dessert _ 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Filberts. 
^ft. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apples 
ip-ft 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Cobs... 
r ft 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Strawberries 
.... per ft,. 
0 
4 
i 
0 
Gooseberries .... 
i sieve 
2 
6 
3 
6 
Walnuts ... 
0 
0 
0 
0 
V ft 
1 
6 
4 
0 
ditto . 
.... V 100 
0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
U. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d 
Artichokes. 
dozen 
2 
0 to 4 
6 
Mn-hrooms 
A 
Otol 
e 
Asparagus. 
bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mustard & Cress .. punnet 
0 
2 
0 
s 
Beans,Kidney .... 
yy 100 
1 
0 
l 
6 
Onions. 
3 
6 
5 
0 
Beet, Red. 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
pickling .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Broccoli. 
bundle 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Parsley. 
doz.bunches 
6 
0 
0 
0 
Brussels Sprouts.. 
i sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsnips .... 
I 
0 
2 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pea8 .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Potatoes .... 
3 
» 
4 
0 
100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Kidney. 
4 
0 
4 
6 
Cauliflowers. 
dozen 
0 
0 
3 
6 
Radishes.... 
doz .bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
(leleirv . 
bundle 
I 
6 
2 
0 
Rhubarb .... 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Coleworts_doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cucumbers. 
each 
0 
4 
0 
8 
Scorzo'nera . 
1 
6 
w 
0 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Seakale . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Fennel.. 
bum h 
0 
8 
0 
0 
Shallots. 
0 
8 
0 
0 
Garlic . 
V ft. 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Spinach . 
8 
0 
0 
0 
Herbs. 
bunch 
0 
2 
0 
c 
Turnips. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Leeks. 
bunch 
0 
3 
0 
4 
V’epretable Marrovrs eaoh 
0 
3 
0 
4 
We have now, however, the gratification of announcing a new 
and speedy remedy for the foot-and-mouth disease, which if care¬ 
fully carried out will reduce the injury inflicted upon the’animala 
to a minimum. We allude to the use of salicylic acid, as described 
by Sir E. C. Kerrison, Bart., in a short essay, just published in the 
“Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England,” under 
the heading of “ Remedy for Foot-and-mouth Disease.” He says, 
“ For all the ailments connected with this disease veterinary 
science has up to now discovered no speedy cure. Reading in the 
Times a short time ago that by the use of salicylic acid im Silesia 
and other parts of the continent this disease was speedily arrested, 
I purchased a quantity in case of accident. Salicylic acid has 
been for some time in use in our hospitals as a quick and speedy 
remedy for rheumatic fever. I had my reasons therefore for 
believing that this acid must be a valuable medicine in cases of 
feverish symptoms. On the 10th of January four of my bullocks 
were pronounced to have foot-and-mouth disease. One had a 
very swollen tongue, and was very ill. I ordered at once-the fol¬ 
lowing remedy to be used. Receipt Pour some hot water on 
about three tablespoonfuls of salicylic acid in an earthen vessel, 
adding lukewarm water to make up a gallon. The mouth and 
feet of the diseased animals should be carefully washed three 
times a day with this liquid, and the tops of the hoofs well 
powdered after each ablution. Also dissolve two tablespoonfuls 
of the acid in hot water, and add it to the drinking-water of the 
animals. The sheds must also be kept quite clean, and all dung 
must be saturated with the acid to prevent further infection.” 
The essay goes on to state the result of tho use of the receipt 
above described upon the cattle on Sir E. C. Kerrison’s farm at 
Oakley Park, Scole, Norfolk. “ The fourth day after treatment 
these bullocks began to eat, and by the 13th of January the whole 
