July 21, 1881. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. G9 
nurserymen with whom you have a trade connection would doubtless oblige you 
if he be able to do so. 
Winter Cucumbers (.4. B. TF.).—You cannot, we think, grow a better 
variety than the Telegraph for affording such fruits as you require during the 
winter. During the last week of the present month is a good time for sowing 
seed or striking cuttings. You must not, however, strike Cuttings from your 
present plants, as we fear from what you say that they are affected with the 
disease. If this is so you must adopt promptly the remedial and preventive 
measure recommended to "H. H.” in this column, or the chance of your suc¬ 
ceeding with winter Cucumbers will be extremely remote. 
Bouvartlias for Market (Mom).—Some of the best are B. jasminiflora, 
B. Humboldti corymbiflora, B. Vreelandi, and the scarlet variety B. Hogarth. 
You do not ask for any cultural notes, so we presume you are conversant with 
the usual practice that is pursued by growers of these plants. 
Cucumbers Spotted (II. II.). —Wa do not attribute the condition of your 
plants to any error in cultivation. They have been attacked by a disease that 
is most difficult if not impossible to cure. We recently saw a large house of 
plants in charge of a most skilful and generally highly successful grower of 
Cucumbers. His plants were stricken the same as yours, and the disease spread 
in spite of every remedial measure that he applied. We should destroy the 
plants, clear out every particle of soil, thoroughly cleanse every portion of the 
structure, walls, floor, and woodwork, and disinfect the house with sulphur. By 
doing this, and obtaining soil from a fresh source, you may perhaps succeed with 
the next crop ; but unless you adopt energetic measures for stamping out the 
disease it will cause you trouble and loss for years. 
Ptiga (.4. B ).—Questions such as you have submitted are beyond our 
province, and we cannot undertake to answer them, neither is the subject suit¬ 
able for discussing in our columns. 
Choice Carnations and Picotees (G. T .).—It is not possible to name 
any one variety in each class that can be relied on as the “ best ’’ during all 
seasons and in different situations. The following, however, are good. Carna¬ 
tions : Scarlet Bizarres—Admiral Curzon and Dreadnought are so much alike 
as sometimes to be undistinguishable. Crimson Bizarres—Bifieman is fine, but 
in some places comes defective ; then substitute J. D.Hextall. Pink and Purple 
Bizarres—Sarah Payne, William Murray, and Unexpected. Purple Flal;e3—Dr. 
Foster, James Douglas, and Squire Meynell. Scarlet Flakes—Clipper and 
Sportsman. Rose Flakes—John Keet and Sybil. Picotees: Heavy Red—John 
Smith. Light Red—Thomas William. Medium Red—Lucy. Heavy Purple— 
Zerlinn. Light Purple—Mary or Ann Lord. Medium Purple—Alice. Heavy 
Rose—Lady Louisa or Miss Horner. Light Rose—Mrs. Allcroft. Medium 
Rose—Miss Wood. 
Carrots Grubbed (A. A. E .).—Grubs are quite a plague this season both 
with Carrots and Onions, the latter in many places being entirely destroyed. 
The destruction of the Carrots is caused by the larvae of the Carrot fly (Psila 
rosfe), which bores into the roots, and ultimately causes the death of the plants. 
We do not know anything that you can apply or do to save the remainder of the 
crop beyond pulling up the plants attacked. A dressing of gas lime at the rate 
of a peck per rod (30J square yards), scattered over the ground and pointed in 
before sowing, is a good preventive ; also quicklime at the rate of a bushel per 
rod ; but a dressing with sand saturated with spirits of tar (creosote) spread 
evenly over the ground before saving and lightly forked in is the best remedy we 
have tried. A gallon of the creosote will saturate sufficient sand to apply to 
2J rods, or 75 square yards. 
Concrete Walk (IF. C. I !.).—A layer of stones, brickbats, or clinkers 
should be put in to form a dry bottom, 6 inches being sufficient. Then a layer 
of rather coarse gravel in the proportion of one part lime to five of the gravel, 
formed into a mortar-like consistency with water, put on 3 inches thick, rising 
about 2 inches from the sides to the centre. Roll firm, and then put on about 
half an inch thickness of best fine gravel and roll again until quite solid. This 
forms a durable pathway, but not equal to those formed by employing Portland 
cement in place of the lime. A foundation is formed for the walk, and to the 
ordinary gravel employed for walks is added a fifth of cement, bringing it to the 
consistency of mortar with water, placed 3 inches thick, and made even in the 
surface. It sets like rock, and wears capitally. 
Fuchsias and Pelargoniums Withered (IF. <S., D'llt on-in-Furness).— 
It is impossible for us to answer your question without better specimens to 
enable us to find the cause of the evil of which you complain. Those you sent 
enclosed in a letter were crushed into a shapeless mass. If you will send us 
sprays or cuttings from the plants—foliage, as well as flowers—packed in a small 
box so as to arrive in the condition in which you send them, they shall be care¬ 
fully examined. You had better also repeat the purport of your present letter 
when you send fresh specimens. 
Names of Plants (G. 0. S.).— Clematis Vitalba. (M. J .).—1, Francos 
appendiculata alba; 2, an uncommonly fine specimen of Rondeletia speciosa 
major; 3, Meyenia erecta; 4, Spiraea vacciniifolia ; 5, Retinospora plumosa 
aurea; G, Geranium pratense. (A Young Gardener). —1, Spiraea Ulmaria; 2, 
Reseda alba ; 3, Centaurea Scabiosa ; 4, much withered, but resembles Helian- 
themum canum. ( G. L .).—A very imperfect specimen, but probably Yieia 
tetrasperma. (IF.).—Anthericum Liliago. 
Choosing Skeps for Keeping (R. II.. Bucks ).—Since you determine 
to retain but two of the four hives we should recommend you to take the honey 
of the old skep and that of the first swarm. Onr reasons are as follows The 
old skep breeds immense numbers of drones, pointing either to some defect in 
its queen or to an excessive quantity of drone cells. Then the first swarm has 
the old queen formerly in the aforesaid skep. Arranging thus you retain two 
casts, the queens of which are necessarily young and which have probably 
filled their respective hives with worker comb only. Your plan will be by slow 
removals to get your hives standing in pairs, each containing one condemned 
hive. At the close of the honey season drive the bees from the condemned and 
add to the companion hives ; appropriate the honey, and save if possible all 
the brood. This you will best do by putting two or three skewers through a 
snug straw cap, and threading the pieces of brood comb upon those, keeping 
the correct distance apart. The straw cap will now be put over the weaker lot, 
and removed when all the grubs have hatched out. The little lot of bees re¬ 
maining in the cap can be got rid of by placing the edge of the inverted cap 
against the alighting board and patting as in driving. 
CO VENT GARDEN MARKET.— JULY 20. 
Strawberries are now practically over, and bush fruit is arriving in large 
quantities ; the supply of Grapes continues abundant. 
FRUIT. 
P. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
Apples. 
J sieve 
0 
OtoO 
0 
Lemons. 
^ case 12 
0tol8 
0 
Apricots. 
box 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Melons . 
each 
2 
6 
4 
0 
Cherries. 
tb. 
0 
3 
() 
9 
4 
o 
10 
o 
Chestnuts. 
bushel 
0 
0 
0 
0 
^ 100 
4 
o 
ft 
o 
Currants, Black . 
4 sieve 
0 
0 
fi 
fi 
Peaches . 
dozen 
4 
0 
12 
0 
,. Red.... 
4 sieve 
3 
<» 
4 
0 
Pears,kitchen .. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Figs. 
dozen 
4 
0 
6 
e 
dessert . 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Filberts.. 
^tb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apples .... 
V Tb 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Cobs. 
¥► lb 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Strawberries .... 
per lb. 
0 
4 
1 
0 
Gooseberries .... 
j sieve 
2 
r> 
3 
G 
Walnuts . 
bushel 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes . 
ty lb 
i 
6 
4 
0 
ditto . 
IP 100 
o 
o 
o 
o 
VEGETABLES. 
9 
d. 
9. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
Artichokes. 
dozen 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Mushrooms . 
. punnet 
i 
Oto 1 
6 
Asparagus. 
bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mustard* Cress 
. punnet 
0 
2 
0 
3 
Beans,Kidney.... 
loo 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Onions. 
. bushel 
3 
6 
5 
0 
Beet, Red. 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
pickling. 
quart 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Broccoli. 
bundle 
0 
9 
i 
6 
Parsley. doz.bunches 
6 
0 
0 
0 
Brussels Sprouts.. 
i sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsnips. 
. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Carrots. 
bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Potatoes . 
. bushel 
3 
9 
4 
0 
Capsicums. 
Ifr 100 
I 
6 
2 
0 
Kidney. 
. bushel 
4 
0 
4 
6 
Cauliflowers. 
dozen 
0 
0 
3 
6 
Radishes.... doz .bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Celery . 
bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Rhubarb. 
bundle 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Coleworts_doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy. 
. bundle 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cucumbers. 
each 
0 
4 
0 
8 
Scorzonera . 
bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Endive. 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
o 
Fennel. 
hunch 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Shallots. 
V tb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Garlic . 
lb. 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Spinach . 
bushel 
3 
0 
0 
e 
Herbs. 
bunch 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Turnips. 
bunch 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Leeks. 
hunch 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Vegetable Marrows each 
0 
o 
t J 
0 
4 
(wlu 
HOME FARM ' It 
w 
POULTRY AND PIGEON CHRONICLE. 
THF DISEASES OF SHEEP AND LAMBS. 
(Continued from page 46.) 
In the treatment of contagious diseases carbolic acid has been 
used for some years on account of its antiseptic properties, and 
also as a valuable preventive of zymotic affections. We, how¬ 
ever, anticipate that salicylic acid will entirely supersede the use 
of carbolic acid, for although the former has only lately been 
recommended, its speedy action in all cases where fever prevails 
gives it an advantage over any other remedy yet discovered. 
We must now call attention to the disorder called “husk or 
hoose,” for in some seasons we have known many lambs and 
hoggets lost from this complaint, it being caused by an accumu¬ 
lation of filaria in the bronchial tubes, wdiich are a kind of thread¬ 
like worm, and from the deposit of the ova of these creatures they 
are found in countless numbers in the air cells and minute bron¬ 
chial tubes, especially on the edges of the lungs. The appearance 
of these after death has been examined by the use of the micro¬ 
scope. Many lambs have also been lost occasionally from a worm 
of the filarite tribe being located in the third stomach of the 
animals. Up to the present time we have but little evidence to 
produce as to the cause of these parasites, but the treatment has 
been very successful for destroying them by moderate doses of 
turpentine, lime water, and oil. We, however, strongly incline 
to the idea that the use of salicylic acid would be likely to be of 
service, and recommend a trial of it, for it is more than probable 
that some inflammatory or feverish action prevailing in the parts 
has been the cause of the filariie locating in the lungs as described ; 
at any rate, it is worth a trial in the event of an attack of these 
worms. 
We have now to mention the serious affection to which the best 
and fattest wether lambs and ram lambs are subject—the stoppage 
of urine, attended with acute inflammation of the bladder. This 
disease was seldom noticed until the free use was made of the 
Mangold roots in feeding our stock. We have found that it 
arises from the deposit of sugar in hard globules, and these be¬ 
come fixed at the mouth of the bladder or the narrow pass of the 
