July 28, 1881.] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
93 
exceed a few weeks. The plant is rather delicate, and requires protection in 
cold and northerly districts. We regret to hear of your indisposition, and can 
wait patiently for the plant you have kindly promised to send us. 
The Joanneting Apple (R., Essex). —The Apple respecting which you 
inquire is the above, which is also known under the names Ginetting. Juneting, 
Early Jenneting, White .Tuneating, Juneating, and several others. The follow¬ 
ing description of it is given in the “Fruit Manual —“ Fruit small, round, and 
a little flattened. Skin smooth and shining, pale yellowish green in the shade, 
hut clear yellow, with sometimes a faint tinge of red or orange, next the sun. 
Eye small and closed, surrounded with a few' small plaits, and set in a very 
shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, slender, and inserted in a shallow cavity, 
which is lined with delicate russet. Flesh white, crisp, brisk, and juicy, with a 
vinous and slightly perfumed flavour, but becoming mealy and tasteless if kept 
only a few days after being gathered. This is the earliest Apple of the year ; it 
is in greatest perfection when gathered oil the tree, or immediately afterwards, 
as it very soon becomes dry and mealy. The tree does not attain a large size, 
but is hardy and healthy. It is not a great bearer, which may in a great 
measure account for it not being so generally cultivated as its earliness would 
recommend it to be. If worked on the Paradise stock it may be grown in pots, 
when the fruit u'ill not only be produced earlier but in greater abundance than 
on the Crab or free stock.” Respecting the derivation of the name the same 
work states:—"Apples were called Joannina because they ripened about St. 
John's Day, and we have among the old French Pears Amir6 Joannet, the ‘ Won¬ 
derful Little John,’ which Merlet informs us was so called because it ripened 
about St. John’s Day. If, then, W'e add to Joannet the termination ing, so 
general among our names of Apples, we have Joanneting. There can be no 
doubt that this is the correct derivation of the name of this Apple.” 
Select White, Yellow, and Dark Roses for Standards (J.B.). — 
Three white varieties are Boole de Neige, Baronne de Maynard, and Mrs. Bosnn- 
quet (China). Instead of the two latter, unless you are particular in having 
white, we should have Baronne de Rothschild and La France. Three good 
yellow Roses arc Celine Forestier, Belle Lyonnaise, and Perle des Jardins, 
though we do not recommend them for outdoors as standards, as they are 
tender and liable to be killed by a severe winter even when protected. Gloire 
de Diion is more reliable—indeed, the only one that survived the last severe 
winter with us. Three dark varieties are Charles Lefebvre, Louis Van Houtte, 
and Prince Camille de Rohan. 
Bouvardia Culture (Idem). —Some of the best forms are—The Bride 
Vroelandi, umhellata alba, and Humboldti corymbiflora, all white ; rosea oculata, 
umbellata carnea, intermedia, and longiflora flammea, all blush, rose or pink ; 
triphylla, leiantlia. Brilliant, elegans, all scarlet ; and flava, yellow. The 
plants are best grown from cuttings of lialf-ripeDed growths in spring, which 
strike readily in gentle bottom heat. Pot them singly when rooted, and grow 
near the gla-s in a temperature of 60° to 65° artificially, and 75° or more from 
sun heat. Stop them when 6 inches high, and again when a few inches of fresh 
growth is made. Plant out when strong in a pit where there is a bed of turfy 
loam, and where there is means of maintaining the temperature above named. 
The plants may be planted 15 to 18 inches distance. Have them duly supplied 
with water, and ventilate freely in favourable weather, withdrawing the lights 
by the middle of July, and let the plants be exposed until about the middle of 
September; then lift them, placing them in 7 or 8-inch pots in good loam, keep¬ 
ing them rather close, and sprinkled until established. To flower through the 
winter a temperature of 55° to 65° artificially, and 79° to 75° from sun heat, is 
necessary. 
Names of Plants (A Reader). —1, Silene perfoliata ; 2, Viburnum denta- 
tnm ; 3, Juniperus oblonga. (Miss Bayley). —Spirtea Filipendula. (II. II. T.). — 
Philadelphia coronarius, the Mock Orange. (J. M ).—The two or three leaves 
sent were not recognisable. (J. R.). —The purple flower is Hardenbergia Comp- 
toniaua ; the white one is Phyteuma spicatum. 
Preventing Swarming by Supering—Marking Bees (II. M.t 
Snvthport ).-—Supering will not always prevent swarming, but if be done 
skilfully it is generally successful. The confinement of the queen prevents 
swarms issuing, but it is a question whether the risk and disturbance to the 
whole colony does not far outweigh the advantage. If queen cells are already 
started before the super is put on failure will be the rule. The queen cells 
should be removed and the brood nest arranged so as to give the queen room 
for ovipositing. Whether bees gather from the flowers in your garden will 
depend upon the general condition of the honey yield. Less than a week since 
honejxomb could be left about in the apiary without receiving any attention, 
to-day a single spilt drop of honey produces a scramble more noisy than pleasant. 
You can easily mark your bees. Sir John Lubbock made lasting acquaintance 
with single ones by giving them dabs of paint of different colours on the thorax. 
Your plan will be more simple. A little flour in a dredger shaken over the 
departing bees on the alighting board will immediately determine whether they 
arc in any number visiting the Borage, &c., you have provided. 
Finishing Sections (Buzz ).—See article on page 91, which furnishes a 
reply to your inquiry. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET—JULY 27. 
Large quantities of soft fruit have reached us during the week, making good 
prices, but are now showing signs of a finish. Peaches and Nectarines are still 
in demand and realising their full value. Trade falling off. 
VEGETABLES. 
P. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Artichokes. 
dozen 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Asparagus. 
. bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Beans, Kidney_ 
IP lb. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Beet. Red. 
. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Broccoli. 
. bundle 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Brussels Sprouts. 
. j sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cabbage . 
dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Carrots. 
. bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Capsicums. 
IP 100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Cauliflowers. 
. dozen 
0 
0 
3 
6 
Celery . 
. bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Colcworts_doz. 
bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Cucumbers. 
. each 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Endive. 
. dozen 
i 
0 
2 
0 
Fennel. 
, bunch 
0 
S 
0 
0 
Garlic . 
. y lb. 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Herbs . 
bunch 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Leeks. 
. bunch 
0 
s 
0 
4 
8. d. 8. d. 
Mushrooms .punnet 1 0 to 1 6 
Mustard* Cress .. punnet 0 2 0 3 
Onions. bushel 3 0 5 0 
pickling. quart 0 0 0 0 
Parsley. doz.bunches 3 0 4 0 
Parsnips.. dozen 10 2 0 
Peas . quart 0 9 10 
Potatoes. bushel 3 9 4 0 
Kidney. bushel 4 0 4 6 
Radishes.... doz .bunches 16 2 o 
Rhubarb. bundle 0 4 0 6 
Salsafy. bundle 10 0 0 
Scorzonera . bundle 16 0 0 
Seakale . basket 0 0 0 0 
Shallots. p-lfc. 0 3 9 0 
Spinach . buslie 1 3 0 0 0 
Turnips. bunch o 4 0 0 
Vegetable Marrows each 0 8 0 4 
FRUIT. 
Apples. 
} sieve 
P. 
2 
d. p. 
3 to 2 
d. 
6 
Lemons. 
s. 
12 
d. s. 
9 to 18 
d. 
0 
Apricots. 
box 
1 
0 
3 
0 
2 
G 
4 
0 
Cherries. 
IP lb. 
bushel 
0 
0 
9 
4 
0 
19 
0 
Chestnuts. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Oranges . 
. IP too 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Currants, Black . 
i sieve 
6 
0 
7 
0 
Peaches . 
. dozen 
4 
0 
12 
0 
Red.... 
j sieve 
3 
6 
4 
G 
Pears, kitchen 
. dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Figs. 
dozen 
3 
0 
0 
0 
dessert . 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Filberts. 
IPIb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apples .. 
IP tb 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Cobs .. 
IP lb 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Strawberries .. 
.. per lb. 
0 
4 
1 
0 
Gooseberries .... 
$ sieve 
2 
G 
3 
6 
Walnuts . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes . 
IP lb 
1 
6 
4 
0 
ditto . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
POULTRY AND PIGEON CHRONICLE. 
THE FIELD CULTIVATION OF STRAWBERRIES. 
This is a subject to which the home farmer will be required to 
give more attention in the future than he has done in the past, for 
upon various estates there is more land in hand than we have ever 
known before. As ordinary farming has been less profitable during 
the past few years than it had been previously, it is of great conse¬ 
quence to consider how far Strawberry cultivation can be intro¬ 
duced on the home farm to assist in maintaining the advantages 
which ought to be derived from the occupation. Upon numerous 
estates the farm manager is probably comparatively unacquainted 
with the best mode of growing this fruit; he may, however, be 
greatly assisted by the head gardener. In proof of this thereaders 
of this Journal may refer to the clever and practical treatment of 
the subject of “Strawberry Farming” by Mr. William Raitt of 
Blairgowrie, given on the 30th of December, 1880, and continued 
until the 10th of February of this year, and which we have 
perused with much interest. 
We take up the culture of Strawberries because we have wit¬ 
nessed the extraordinary benefit to be derived from their culti¬ 
vation upon land formerly waste. This tract of land, to the 
extent of 1200 acres, is now in great part converted into some of 
the finest fruit gardens in the kingdom, but more especially by 
its production of Strawberries. Some of this land is let to more 
than twenty different tenants, and we have long observed the 
practical management adopted by these occupiers. There are 
several acres of such land still remaining as worthless common. 
The home farmer is much more at liberty in adopting any new 
mode of cultivation than ordinary tenants, who are often impeded 
in their farming operations by restrictive covenants in their 
leases, for he has only to prove by well-conducted experiments 
that his cultivation of any crop is profitable, and it will meet 
with the approval of his employer. 
In estimating our position as to the policy of cultivating Straw¬ 
berries many points will arise, all being of more or less import¬ 
ance. Soil, situation, and aspect, however, are the three leading 
points to be considered ; still it must be remembered that we 
have numerous kinds of Strawberries obtainable for growth,, and 
adapted for our purpose. The land may vary in many respects, 
yet we find that the sorts of fruit and their habit of growth are 
quite as numerous as the variations of the soil. We have recently 
heard the observation that the production of Strawberries will 
soon be overdone, and they will not be worth cultivation. But 
can we produce them in such abundance as to become unprofitable ? 
We cannot conceive such a state of things, for we can surely grow 
Strawberries as cheaply as those which are imported, the only 
point against us being that they are imported a little before ours 
are ripe, owing in a great measu^i to the late and cold springs 
unfortunately peculiar to our climate. At all other times we 
