JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
364 
[ October 20, 1881. 
season of growth and a season of rest, and under good manage¬ 
ment it grows almost as fast as a Willow ; it will make growths 
nearly 2 feet long in twelve months. During the time of growth 
the plants ought to be in a light position in the warmest house, 
and in winter they ought to be in a position well exposed to the 
sun and in a temperature of about 50° or 55°. For three or four 
months in winter very little water will be required—just enough 
to prevent the plants from shrivelling too much. They do not 
form so many roots in the sphagnum in which they are potted as 
they do up the stem. Teak rods should be inserted in the pots 
for the roots to cling to, and if the plants are syringed with 
tepid water daily in summer the roots will be formed freely.— 
J. Douglas. 
TOO-MUCH-ALIKE ROSES. 
In the Rev. C. H. Bulmer’s selection of forty-eight Roses for 
the Rose election printed on page 306, there are several Roses 
considered synonymous, some of which, I think, may be looked 
upon as very doubtful; therefore a free and fair discussion may 
lead to a better understanding amongst Rose-growers on Roses 
closely allied in point of colour. In distinguishing Roses some¬ 
thing more than colour must be considered. There is the habit 
of growth, the size and prominence of the thorns, the shape of 
the foliage, and many other details which require attention before 
giving a decided judgment. 
Until the list named above came under notice I had never seen 
it stated that Abel Grand was synonymous with Marguerite de 
St. Amand or Princess of Cambridge. I have grown the two first- 
named varieties for many years, and consider them as distinct in 
habit as any two Roses can well be that are similar in colour. 
The imbricated form of the flower of Marguerite de St. Amand is 
most pleasing, while Abel Grand never, or very rarely, has sub¬ 
stance enough for exhibition. Exposition de Brie, Maurice Ber- 
nardin, and Ferdinand de Lesseps have for a long time been 
regarded as very much alike, but when we see them exhibited by 
some of our large nursery growers they appear different, and 
there is certainly a difference in the habit of Maurice Bernardin 
as compared with Exposition de Brie or Ferdinand de Lesseps; 
besides, Maurice Bernardin has more purple in the flower than 
either of the others named, while Sir Garnet Wolseley is very 
rigid and erect in its habit, closely studded with prominent thorns, 
and therefore distinct in growth as well as flower from the others. 
The variety Reynolds Hole I know well, but Sultan of Zanzibar I 
have only grown this year. From what I have seen of the cut 
flowers, however, I am under the impression there is a great dif¬ 
ference in the petals. If it is not so, then we must all feel that 
our home-raised seedlings are no more to be depended upon for 
distinctness than those sent over from the Continent. Surely such 
an experienced firm as Messrs. G. Paul & Son, who, I believe, raised 
both Reynolds Hole and Sultan of Zanzibar, would never have 
allowed the two Roses to be sent out from Cheshunt unless they 
were distinct. Again, the experience of such an exhibitor and 
grower as Mr. Cranston must surely be considered when he sent 
us that very desirable autumn-blooming Rose Sir Garnet Wolseley. 
In the election they are c nsidered and tabulated as distinct. Let 
me note their relative positions. Marguerite de St. Amand stands 
twenty-ninth, and receives a total of forty votes, while Abel 
Grand is last but one, only receiving ten votes, and Princess Mary 
of Cambridge is “ out of Court.” Ferdinand de Lesseps is placed 
twenty-seventh in the election, Sir Garnet Wolseley forty-eighth, 
and Exposition de Brie sixty-ninth, receiving respectively forty, 
twenty-five, and fourteen votes each. Reynolds Hole stands 
twenty-fifth on the list and has forty-two votes accorded to it, 
while Sultan of Zanzibar is not mentioned. These figures must 
show, I think, that the majority of the electors consider them 
distinct.— J. W. Moobman. 
HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 
Any vacancies amongst bush, pyramid, or espalier trees should be 
filled as soon as the trees are in a fit condition to move, the ground 
being previously prepared for their reception. Under ordinary cir¬ 
cumstances it will suffice to remove the worst of the old soil and 
supply some fresh turfy loam, trenching the border to a depth of 
2 feet deep, incorporating the fresh loam with the old soil as the 
work proceeds. Light soils will be improved by an admixture of 
clayey marl, and heavy soil may have an admixture of about a tenth 
of old mortar rubbish. Where it is intended to form plantations of 
young fruit trees to be grown as bushes, standards, or otherwise, the 
ground should be prepared by draining and trenching, not employing 
any manure unless the soil be light and poor, when an admixture 
of well-pulverised clay and well-decayed manure may be applied. 
Planting should be done as soon as the leaves have fallen, and by 
having all in readiness for planting the work can be done as soon as 
the trees come to hand, spreading out the roots carefully, and only 
making the soil moderately firm about the roots, as it is best for it to 
settle down gradually after the first good rain. When moderately dry 
the soil should be trodden firmly around the stems, applying a mulch¬ 
ing of partially decayed manure as far as the roots extend. Some 
reliable varieties for bush, pyramid, or espaliers are the following :— 
Apples for Dessert. —Mr. Gladstone, White Joanneting, Irish Peach, 
Devonshire Quarrenden, Kerry Pippin, Cobham, King of the Pippins, 
Cox’s Orange Pippin, Court of Wick, Margil, Keddleston Pippin, 
Braddick's Nonpareil, Cockle Pippin, Reinette du Canada, Scarlet 
Nonpareil, and Sturmer Pippin. Kitchen Apples .—Carlisle Codlin, Kes¬ 
wick Codlin, Lord Suffield, Stirling Castle, Jolly Beggar, Cox’s Pomona, 
Cellini, Ecklinville Seedling, Small’s Admirable, Warner’s King, 
Betty Geeson, Alfriston, Dumelow’s Seedling, and Norfolk Bearer. 
rears .—Doyenne d’Etd, Jargonelle, Williams’ Bon Chrdtien, Pit- 
maston Duchess, White Doyenne, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Comte 
de Lamy, Marie Louise d’Uccle, Seckle, Durondeau, Doyennd du 
Comice, Buerre Diel, Thompson’s, Beurre Bachelier, and Glou Mor- 
ceau, with the late Jean de Witte and Yan de Weyer Bates. Cherries. 
—Bowyer’s Early Heart, Empress Eugenie, Black Eagle, May Duke, 
Buttner’s Black Heart, Governor Wood, Bigarreau Napoleon, and 
Nouvelle Royal, with Morello for culinary purposes. Plums, Dessert. 
■—July Green Gage, De Montfort, Denniston Superb, Green Gage, 
Kirke’s, Jefferson, Coe’s Golden Drop, and Guthrie’s Late Green* 
Culinary Plums .—Early Prolific, Czar, Sultan, Prince Englebert, 
Mitchelson’s Victoria, Autumn Compote, and Belle de Septembre. 
Standards for Orchards. — Apples .—Beauty of Kent, Alexander, 
Large Cockpit, Keswick Codlin, Manx Codlin, Peasgood’s Nonsuch, 
Nelson Codlin, Lady Henniker, Bedfordshire Foundling, Dume¬ 
low’s Seedling, Alfriston, Golden Noble, New Hawthornden, Tower 
of Glamis, Galloway Pippin, Northern Greening, Winter Majetin, 
and Harabledon Deux Ans, with Yorkshire Greening for sauce and 
Nonsuch for jelly. For Dessert .—Irish Peach, Worcester Pearmain, 
Court of Wick, Adams’ Pearmain, Dutch Mignonne, Reinette du 
Canada, Herefordshire Pearmain, Court Pendu Plat, Royal Russet, 
Golden Russet, Lord Burghley, and Sturmer Pippin. Pears. —St. 
Swithin’s, Crawford, Williams’ Bon Chretien, Jargonelle, Eyewood, 
Autumn Nelis, Beurre de Capiaumont, Seckle, Swan’s Egg, White 
Doyennd, Hessle, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Comte de Lamy, Aston 
Town, Doyenne du Comice, Hacon’s Incomparable, Autumn Berga¬ 
mot, and Red Doyenne, with Catillac for stewing. Plums .—Early 
Prolific, The Czar, Sultan, Mitchelson’s, Bryanston Green Gage, 
Diamond, Kirke’s, Oullins Early, Jefferson, Winesour, Belle de Sep¬ 
tembre, Wyedale, Prune Damson, and Farleigh or Crittenden Prolific 
Damson. Cherries .—Black Eagle, Governor Wood, May Duke, Early 
Rivers, Kentish, and Morello. Medlars .—Dutch and Nottingham. 
Nuts. —Cosford, Dwarf Prolific, Lambert’s Filbert or Kentish Cob, 
Red Filbert, and White Filbert. Black Mulberry is the best; and of 
Crabs, Siberian, Transparent, Scarlet, and Imperial. 
Gathering Apples and Pears should now be completed as soon as 
possible, except such of the late varieties that do not part readily 
from the trees, and which, if gathered before they are ripe, are certain 
to shrivel and be spoiled. The late Pears and long-keeping Apples 
are also very often deteriorated by keeping them too dry and warm. 
They should be placed in a cellar or similar slightly damp position 
with an equable temperature of a few degrees above 32°. All Apples 
and Pears which have been gathered some time should be occa¬ 
sionally examined, all decayed fruits being removed. The fruit-room 
will need top ventilation as a means of regulating the temperature 
of the room, which should at present be kept as cool as possible. 
