JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
410 
[ November 3, 1881. 
large size, is of a beautiful amber colour, and has a most delicious 
flavour when ripe. Apples and Pears are grown in great abun¬ 
dance. Of Apples, the following varieties were heavily laden with 
fine fruit—Ecklinville Seedling, Cox’s Orange Pippin, Worcester¬ 
shire Pearmain, Margil, and Irish Peach. 
The kitchen garden is in front of the houses, on a somewhat 
lower level, sloping to the south-west. It is divided from an 
orchard lying to the south by a row of good Austrian Pines, and 
beyond them another row of large Black Italian Poplars. It is 
enclosed on the west side by a boundary wall covered with Pear 
trees, and on the east by a paddock, some five acres in extent, 
including plantations. A broad gravel walk runs parallel with 
the houses, and from this other walks at right angles divide the 
garden into quarters. The borders near the walks were planted 
with pyramidal Apple and Pear trees, some 6 or 7 feet from the 
Box edging, and 12 feet apart. The Pear trees were in vigorous 
health, shapely specimens from 8 to 10 feet high, and were, at the 
time of our visit, loaded with fruit. The Apple trees were sickly, 
cankered, and not suited to the soil and situation. Colonel Page 
states that he had obtained both the Apple and Pear trees from 
France, that the Pear trees grew well, but that Apple trees did 
not succeed with him. In passing, we might say the garden was 
well cropped, and everything in it looked neat and orderly. 
The fruit garden is to the west of the mansion in a line with the 
lawn, and is divided from it by a large shrubbery, in which we 
observed some fine flowering trees and shrubs, and a Siberian 
Crab loaded with its bright red fruit. The sides of the walks were 
furnished with espalier Pear and Apple trees about 4 feet high 
covered with large fruit of superior quality, and all the quarters 
inside were filled with standard and pyramidal-trained trees of 
the best varieties. Beside espaliers, standard and pyramidal- 
trained trees, there was a long wire trellis about 8 feet high covered 
with single cordon Apple and Pears, trained obliquely, carrying 
the finest crop we have ever seen. To use a hackneyed phrase, 
“the fruit was hanging like ropes of Onions.” We were never 
much in favour of growing single cordons, but after seeing such 
fine examples as those described we intend to give a few a fair 
trial at the earliest opportunity. Between the outer walk and 
boundary wall of this portion of the garden there is a large shrub¬ 
bery which completely hides the wall from view ; it also shelters 
the fruit trees from the prevailing stormy west winds of this 
district, besides giving this portion of the garden a warm comfort¬ 
able appearance. 
To the west of this is another garden an acre in extent, which 
is separated from the eight acres attached to the mansion by a 
public road. It is divided into four quarters by a walk down the 
centre, and another across the middle. One of the quarters is 
planted with 150 bush Apple plants of the best varieties properly 
named, obtained from Messrs. Smith of Worcester ; and one with 
150 pyramidal Pear trees from Messrs. Rivers of Sawbridgeworth. 
The varieties are planted in rows by themselves, and Strawberries 
and Gooseberries are grown between the rows. The other two 
quarters are devoted to vegetables. The trees and bushes individu¬ 
ally are pictures of health and remarkably well trained. Some of 
the varieties both of Apples and Pears were borne down to the 
ground with heavy crops, whilst others had scarcely any fruit. 
Of Apples the following had good crops—Ecklinville Seedling, 
Cellini, Cox’s Orange and Stunner Pippins, Reinette du Canada, 
Court Pendu Plat, Betty Geeson, Irish Peach, Claygate Pearmain, 
and Pine Apple. Some of the earlier varieties had been gathered, 
of which Lord Suffield, Stirling Castle, and Hawthornden had 
borne fine crops.— Euphrasia. 
WORK/ohTHEWEEK. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Forcing Department .—Make successional sowings of French Beans 
in pots or boxes, in quantity proportionate to the requirements and 
means, earthing up those previously sown, being careful not to give 
too much water in the early stages of growth, but affording it in a 
tepid state copiously after tlfty commence flowering. Damping off 
at this season is the great evil to be contended against, and should 
be avoided by ventilating constantly. Keep the pods closely picked, 
affording a temperature of from G0° to 75°. Commence making 
periodical sowings of Mustard and Cress. Train Tomatoes as re¬ 
quired, earthing up the roots with fresh rich compost, supplying 
them occasionally with tepid liquid manure. To ensure a healthy 
and fruitful condition of the plants through the winter plenty of 
light must be afforded, and a temperature secured of 55° to 65°, with 
an advance from sun heat to 75°. 
A few roots of Seakale and Rhubarb may now be placed in the 
Mushroom house or other warm structure in rich moist soil, bringing 
it well up to the crown of the plants. It is necessary that light be 
excluded from the Seakale to insure its blanching. The best kind of 
Rhubarb for forcing is Johnstone’s St. Martin’s, Linnaeus being good, 
also Yictoria later. Dung and leaves in the proportion of three of 
the latter to one of the former should be thrown into a heap, damped 
if necessary, and turned over occasionally to insure fermentation, the 
thorough mixing of the materials, and to sweeten them ; after which 
they may be formed into a bed on which Asparagus may be planted 
—indeed, if the materials are already in readiness a bed may now be 
planted, but unless the demand be urgent and the resources adequate 
there is little gained by starting very early. 
Mushroom House. —When the surface of beds in bearing becomes 
dry water them moderately at a temperature slightly warmer than that 
of the atmosphere, being careful not to give too much or to have the 
atmosphere overcharged with moisture, as is likely to be the case 
from the fermentation of the horse droppings when taken into the 
house and used for making successional beds, expelling superabun¬ 
dant moisture by a little top ventilation. To secure a regular supply 
of Mushrooms a somewhat moist atmosphere and temperature of 60° 
to 65° is necessary. Make up successional beds as materials are 
available, spawning and earthing as advised in former calendars. 
Watch closely for slugs, and trap woodlice with a boiled potato in a 
little hay placed in a flower pot on its side, and shake out the wood- 
lice into a bucket of boiling water. 
HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 
Where it is intended to form fresh plantations of Gooseberries, 
Currants, and Raspberries the ground should be well tren ched and 
liberally manured. It is always advisable to plant early in autumn 
as soon as the leaves have mostly fallen. Some of the most desirable 
Gooseberries, when the object is flavour, are the following :— Green : 
Green Gascoigne, Green Walnut, Pitmaston Green Gage, Glenton 
Green. Yellow: Early Sulphur, Yellow Champagne. White: Crystal, 
Whitesmith, Bright Yenus. Red: Champagne, Keen’s Seedling, and 
Red Warrington. For a combination of size and quality with free 
bearing the following are desirable :— Green: Lofty, Shiner, Gretna 
Green, Keepsake, Random Green, and Telegraph. Yelloiv: Broom 
Girl, Garibaldi, Catherina, Leveller, Leader, High Sheriff, and Mount 
Pleasant. White: Snowdrop, Overseer, Antagonist, King of Trumps, 
Careless, and Queen of Trumps. Red: Speedwell, Yaxley Heroi 
Companion, Slaughterman, Ploughboy, and Talfourd. Currants.— 
Red: Red Dutch, Houghton Castle, and Warner’s Grape. White: 
White Dutch, White Dutch Cut-leaved. Blach: Lee’s Prolific and 
Black Naples. Raspberries.—Red Antwerp, Carters’ Prolific, Baum- 
forth’s Seedling, and Semper Fidelis. Yelloio: Brinckle’s Orange and 
Yellow Antwerp. The autumn bearers are Large Monthly, October 
Red, and October Yellow. 
Gooseberries and Currants should be planted 5 feet apart every 
way, allowing more distance if the soil be rich, or diminishing the 
distance in poor soil. Raspberries may be planted in rows 5 feet 
apart, and 3 feet asunder in the rows, whilst in rich soils the rows 
should be 6 feet apart and the plants 3 or 4 feet in the rows. When 
planted to be trained against an espalier the plants may be 2 feet 
apart, and G feet between the espaliers. Brambles, or Blackberry 
may be planted at a similar distance as Raspberries, and be trained 
similarly to espaliers. The Lawton and Dorchester are good varieties! 
giving a quantity of fruit in late summer and autumn much esteemed 
for tarts and for jam. Strawberries should be cleared of weeds, 
removing perennial weeds by the roots and lightly stirring the soil 
about the plants ; give a good top-dressing or mulching of partially 
decayed manure. 
FRUIT HOUSES. 
Pines. —At this season, from the absence of sun and ventilation, 
condensed moisture will abound and, accumulating on the glass, inter- 
