December 1, 1881. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
507 
Pruning and Potting Ntriums (/. ElUrtori ).—The flowers are borne 
from the points of last year's shoots, and the flower steins have usually flower 
burls that rlo not all expand in one season, therefore leave them until another 
season. Plants that become ill-shaped should be cut down in April, foregoing 
flowering for a season, encouraging growth by placing them in a moist and 
warm atmosphere, and in July remove them to a lighter position, repotting when 
the shoots are a few inches long, and whilst in heat. Neriums are better under 
rather than over-potted. Three parts fibrous loam, one part each of sandy peat 
and leaf soil, and one-sixth of sand, form a suitable compost. Cuttings of 
young shoots rather firmly inserted in sand, under a bellglass, in bottom heat 
of 75°, shaded, or shoots inserted in bottles of water in the sun, root freely. 
Tuberose Culture (.1. J. I ).).—Mr. Taylor has described his method of 
culture as follows—The imported bulbs are received in December or January, 
when they are at once potted singly in 6-inch pots, and plunged where they can 
have the benefit of bottom heat to start them into growth. After they once 
start fairly they can be grown in a lower temperature and without bottom heat; 
and when all danger of frost is over, if they are not wanted to flower early, they 
can be placed in a deep cold pit and be merely protected from the worst of the 
weather till the flowers commence opening, when they will be improved by being 
taken into the greenhouse. Plants so treated will generally flower some time 
between July and October. After flowering most people throw them away as 
useless. This is quite a mistake, as I will endeavour to prove. Mine are at once 
shifted into 7 or 8-inch pots without disturbing the ball, using a good rich 
compost consisting of turfy loam with a little decayed manure, a few half-inch 
bones, and a little charcoal. They are again placed in a warm house and soon 
commence throwing up shoots, one of which only is left to grow, and it soon 
forms a new bulb on the top of the old one, which will not fail in its turn to 
send up a good strong flower stem. The American variety known as The Pearl 
is one of the best, and is largely grown by those engaged in supplying cut 
flowers for Covent Garden Market. 
Pickling Tomatoes {Mrs. IF. E .).—Scald and peel green Tomatoes. Lay 
them ou dishes, and strew salt thickly over them. Let them stand twenty-four 
hours, occasionally pouring off the liquor that the salt extracts. Drain them 
and gently squeeze them, as it is this juice that weakens thd vinegar and makes 
them spoil. Take a large jar, put in a layer of Tomatoes, then a layer of sliced 
onions, mustard seed, cloves, and white pepper, or whole black pepper ; or two 
pods of red pepper may be broken up and put in the jar. When the jar is full 
pour very strong vinegar over, and in a few days they will be ready for use and 
will keep well. They should be kept in a cool place. 
Early Cinerarias (D. II.). —They may be flowered in autumn and early 
winter, the seed being sown in March in a hotbed, and the plants grown through¬ 
out the summer in cold frames, shifting them into their blooming pots in 
August, and removing them in September to a light airy position where they 
will have a temperature of 45° to 50“ from fire heat. If kept in an ordinary 
greenhouse they will not flower until the new year. 
Names of Fruits. —We have many times notified that only six varieties of 
fruits can be named at once; still large packages reach us, the contents of which 
cannot be examined. Some fruits are not named because the sender’s name 
does not accompany them, and we cannot always determine to whom the re¬ 
spective parcels belong, even by the aid of letters received by post, l’ears, we 
have previously intimated, ought to be ripe or approaching ripeness when sent, 
or a number of them cannot be identified. All packages must be carriage paid ; 
unpaid parcels are sent every week that are not taken in. The fee for naming 
fruit to non-subscribers is 5s. It is important that these conditions be attended 
to for preventing disappointment. (II. Gallon). —It is the true Broad-eyed 
Pippin. Court Pendu Plat is quite different from this. The fungoid affection 
is no doubt caused by the humid situation. It is difficult to advise what to do 
under the circumstances, since draining is probably an impossibility. ( Ramcilho ). 
■—1, Wyken Pippin ; 2, not known ; 3, Golden Winter Pcarmain ; 4, Sops-in- 
wine ; 5, Cox’s Orange Pippin. (<S. H .).—Apple Hollandbury. Small Pear 
Nutmeg, called also Besi de Caissoy ; the larger, Duchesse d’Orleans. The 
plant is referred to below. (.4 Reader ).—1, Not known ; 2, Stunner Pippin ; 3, 
Franklin’s Golden Pippin ; 4, Golden Winter Pcarmain; 5, Warner’s King. 
(J. Harper). —1, Golden Noble : 2, rotten ; 3, bad specimen ; 4, Formosa Pippin ; 
5, Court Pendu Plat. 
Name3 of Plants (A. C '.).—Euonymus europreus fructu-albo, the White- 
fruited European Spindle .Tree. (S. II.). —The specimen you sent was very dimi¬ 
nutive, but appears to be an Erigeron, probably E. pusillum. 
COTENT GARDEN MARKET.—NOVEMBER 30. 
Trade remains the same, business being quiet with scarcely any alteration. 
FRUIT. 
9 . 
d. 
9. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
Apples. 
1 
0to4 
6 
Lemons. 
W case 18 
It 030 
0 
Apricots. 
. doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Melons . 
eacJU 
0 
0 
0 
0 
lb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Nectarines. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
() 
Chestnuts. 
. bushel 
16 
0 
0 
0 
Oranges . 
100 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Currants, Black 
. i sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Peaches . 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ lied.. 
. £ sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears .kitchen .. 
dozen 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Figs..... 
. dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
dessert . 
dozen 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Filberts. 
. IPlb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apples .... 
¥►lb 
i 
6 
o 
0 
Cobs. 
. 100 ft . 
7.3 
0 
77 
(> 
Strawberries ... 
per lb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Gooseberries .. 
4 sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Walnuts . 
bushel 
7 
0 
8 
0 
Grapes . 
. V lb 
0 
6 
4 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
Artichokes. 
d nzen 
9. 
o 
d. s. 
0 to 4 
d. 
0 
Mushrooms 
9. 
d. 9. 
0 to 1 
d 
g 
Asparagus. 
bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mustard Ac Cress .. punnet 
0 
2 
0 
3 
Beans, Kidney... 
V lb. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Onions. 
3 
3 
5 
6 
Beet, Red. 
dozen 
i 
0 
2 
u 
pickling .. 
0 
0 
0 
5 
Broccoli. 
bundle 
0 
9 
i 
6 
Parsley. 
doz.hunches 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Brussels Sprouts. 
i sieve 
2 
0 
2 
6 
Parsnips .... 
1 
0 
2 
0 
dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Potatoes .... 
o 
6 
0 
4 
0 
Carrots. 
bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
K idnev.... 
3 
4 
6 
Capsicums. 
V 100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Radishes... 
doz .bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Cauliflowers. 
dozen 
0 
0 
3 
e 
Rhubarb.... 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Celery. 
bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsafy. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Coleworts_doz. 
bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera 
1 
6 
0 
O 
Cucumbers. 
each 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Seakale .... 
2 
0 
2 
3 
Endive. 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Shallots_ 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Fennel. 
bunch 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach .... 
3 
0 
0 
0 
O .Hie . 
. I* lb. 
0 
g 
0 
0 
Tomatoes 
... lb 
8 
4 
o 
1 
Herbs. 
i unch 
0 
9 
0 
c 
Turnips .. 
. bunch 
0 
0 
9 
Looks. 
. bunch 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Vegetable Marrows each 
0 
0 
0 
0 
POULTRY AND PIGEON CHRONICLE. 
STABLE ACCOMMODATION FOR HORSES. 
( Continued from page 4S7.) 
The earth floors of stalls for horses should be made on the 
surface a few inches below the pathway behind the stall in order 
to prevent the urine leaving the earthen surface, for it will be 
instantly absorbed if it does not overflow the boundary of the 
stall. The urine of the horse is, we consider, much stronger in 
ammonia than that of the horned cattle, as evidenced by the 
more pungent effluvia arising from it; the effect of the earth, 
however, in fixing and deodorising the noxious vapours is instan¬ 
taneous, and ill odour is entirely absent in a well-managed earth 
floor. We cannot, however, refrain from noticing a novel appli¬ 
cation of vulcanised indiarubber called “ The Yale of White 
Horse Patent Bedding,” to supersede litter for stables, which was 
lately exhibited, and has found, it is stated, considerable favour 
with the owners of valuable horses. It consists of a bed sheet of 
vulcanised rubber, on which another sheet is corrugated in a way 
to make it a warm, dry, elastic mattress for a horse to lie or stand 
on. In point of economy, salubrity, and for the preservation of 
horses’ feet, it has claims which seem to meet with much atten¬ 
tion. As we have not yet seen the mattress we are not pre¬ 
pared to criticise it, but it must be preferable at any rate to 
the various materials employed in constructing impervious floors 
for stables ; and with regard to economy, that must consist in the 
saving of straw, but the actual salubrity is not so easily imagined. 
We apprehend that the drainage is effected by the corrugated or 
fluted surface, and in this case it would be led by the incline of 
the floor to the back part of the stall and in direct communication 
with the open gutter, into which all liquid portions would either 
flow or be swept away as in the absence of the mattress. It seems 
to us very important that the floor on which the mattress is to 
rest should not be composed of any hard material like clinker 
brick, as the friction and wear of the mattress would be very 
great, and therefore we recommend that the earth floor be laid as 
usual, but with an incline for the mattress to rest upon ; for not 
only would the wear and friction be reduced to a minimum, but 
in the event of any urine overflowing the margin of the mattress 
on either side it would be immediately absorbed and rendered in¬ 
nocuous by its contact with the earth. 
We must now consider the advantages of a loose box with earth 
floor which we have used for our nag horses for many years. 
One great point is, that in the event of the earth being laid down 
quite fine and dry, and well rammed to make a level and firm 
surface, and laid 2 feet in depth, that, unlike the earth floor to a 
stall, it will not require any renewal or removal of earth for 
several years, especially if a strong clay or calcareous loam is 
used, and yet be free from any unpleasant exhalation during the 
whole period. In fact, it may in some instances last without 
changing the floor for four or five years. This plan of manage¬ 
ment of a loose box is unobjectionable in every respect if ordi¬ 
nary care is taken with the ventilation and the daily removal 
of solid excrement, and the floor swept with a hard broom. The 
feet of the horse will be of course dry at times, but not so 
much so as when standing on clinker bricks, nor will the stamp¬ 
ing of the horse throw the shoe, but at the same time the lying 
for the animal will be first-rate, the advantages of which com¬ 
pared with any impervious floor cannot be fully estimated except 
