December 8, i88i. ] JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AR D COTTAGE GARDENER. 
529 
;g»Uon of water, and adding thereto a wineglassful of paraffin oil. The oil will 
mix with the soapsuds, but not with pure water, and if the solution is applied 
warm, say at a temperature of about 120°, it will not stain the leaves nearly 
so much as if it is applied cold. The plants should be laid on their sides oier 
a vessel to catch the solution, or on a mat aud turned round, so that they can be 
syringed ou all sides effectively. 
Exhibiting Plants at South Kensington (F. F.). —If you write to 
Mr. Barron, Royal Horticultural Society’s Gardens, Chiswick, London, W„ aud 
state your case he will give you the necessary instructions for carrying out 
your project; but we doubt if you send an unnamed plant to the Floral Com¬ 
mittee that they will either name it for you or grant it a certificate. If your 
Fern is really new you can name it yourself, and if it is distinct and so good in 
the opinion of the Floral Committee as to merit a certificate they will grant one 
if you place a plant before them. If you send a spray to us securely packed, so 
as to arrive in good condition, we shall perhaps be able to inform you whether 
your plant is new or not. You can either adopt this course or write to Mr. 
Barron, as you prefer. 
Coiling Vines (F. C.). —If you have placed the canes in the pots properly, 
only one or two buds being above the soil, they will be quite safe in your 
orchard house, provided the soil is kept healthily moist—that is, not saturated— 
until the spring, when they will root more quickly if plunged then in slight 
bottom heat. We should not plunge them in heat now, as you do not appear to 
have the requisite conveniences for growing them if started very early. It is 
immaterial whether the buds are removed or not on the portion of cane in the 
soil, therefore do not disturb the coils. 
Pines (Idem). —Pines cannot be grown successfully unless you can insure a 
night temperature of G0° as a minimum. Leaves and manure form an excellent 
plunging material. Your form of plunging will do provided the pots are warm ; 
if they are not, sink them deeper. The suckers will not grow in the frame 
unless it is heated. It is not possible for us to determine whether the piping 
you name will be sufficient for heating the compartment for Pines without 
knowing the height of the structure. A flow and return 4-inch pipe the length 
of a pit 8 feet wide and 5 or 0 feet deep, 3 or 4 feet being occupied with plunging 
material, would suffice ; but the term “ orchard house ” implies that tne struc¬ 
ture is lofty, aud probably two rows of pipes round the house, if it is a span-roof, 
would be requisite. If you had sent a clearly drawn plan showing the form and 
dimensions of the compartment we could have given you a definite reply. It 
appears to us that you have acted prematurely in procuring plants before you 
have provided the means for growing them. 
Failure of Chinese Primulas (Jean).— The most frequent collapse of 
Primulas results from potting too high. They ought never to require support¬ 
ing, as in this case the exposed stems are liable to canker, and the plants to fail 
generally when in full bloom. In your case this is not the cause of failure, but, 
judging from the facts ns stated by you, more probably the decay of the plants 
is owing to late potting, the subsequent treatment being unfavourable. You 
omitted mentioning if fire heat was employed in the late vinery where the plants 
were disposed. Primulas repotted late in October and watered at the same 
time would require to be placed where a little dry heat could be given, and 
receive no shade. Given opposite treatment we should expect many to decay. 
Our latest batch received their final shift about the middle of September, and 
even at that date we did not water the plants for at least a week, the precaution 
having been taken to have each and all thoroughly moist prior to repotting. 
The frame in which they were placed was kept somewhat close till they recovered 
from the slight check they received. To apply water immediately after re¬ 
potting, especially if no heat be given, would doubtless ruin many plants. The 
first signs of injury would be a change in the colour of foliage, followed by 
flagging on a bright sunny day. On tire other hand, if you allow the ball of a 
newly potted plant to become excessively dry, flagging would be the first sign. 
In this case the young roots will perish, and a thorough soaking given when too 
late would also frequently end disastrously. Plants, however, will ofterr recover 
from the effects of extreme dryness at the' roots, but seldom from overwatering. 
An examination of your failure ought to enlighten you on the subject. 
Various (Inquirer). —The growths of Clematis Jackmanii which have 
flowered should be removed down to the prominent buds, which will be per¬ 
ceived on the lower parts of the shoots. Seme of these buds may have com¬ 
menced growing in consequence of the extreme mildness of the weather, and 
possibly later frosts may destroy them ; still, we should leave them, as if they 
are cut down the lower buds will start in the spring. To cut off the advancing 
buds now might cause the others also to become too forward, and they had better 
remain dormant at this season. If the insecticide is used in a warm state it 
will leave little or no sediment, and consequently it will not be needful to wash 
it off with plain water. It may be safely applied to the plants you name, but 
leaves that are “blackened by aphides” ought to be cleansed with a sponge. 
Cyclamens thrive best in a house in which the night temperature ranges between 
50° to 60°. Cut down the Chrysanthemum and keep the plants in a frame or 
greenhouse ; either now or in spring take rooted suckers from the plants and pot 
them singly in small pots, or cuttings may be struck in a warm house or frame 
in the spring. When the young plants are established the old ones may be 
thrown away or planted in the garden. Not knowing the condition of your 
Rose we arc unable to inform you how it should be pruned, but as a rule close 
pruning of the variety is not advisable ; neither is it possible for anyone to 
advise on repotting without knowing the size of plant and the pot it is growing 
in. We can only say that this is not a good time for repotting Roses in the 
ands of inexperienced amateurs. 
Gaa Lime for Gardens (Inquirer ).—It is injurious to crops when ap¬ 
plied in an excessive quantity, and especially when it is used shortly before 
sowing and planting. A quarter of a pound, or nearly so, to a square yard may 
be dug into the ground now, if weil mixed with it to a foot in depth, with safety, 
and this would be useful in extirpating grubs and wireworms ; but in the spring 
half that quantity, or less, according to the nearness of inserting the crops 
would suffice. For lightening strong land a heavy dressing of ordinary lime 1 
say at the rate of from fiftv to sixty bushels per acre, would be safer and more 
effectual than gas lime. You ought to add ashes, sweepings from roads, vege¬ 
table refuse, and gritty matter of any kind, as liberally as possible; also in 
digging throw the ground up in ridges, and break these up with forks or picks 
two or three times during the winter when the ground is frozen. You will thus 
in time ameliorate the soil and render it more suitable for Potatoes and other 
crops. Mr. Taylor finds no late Potato so suitable for his strong soil as the 
Champion. Garden refuse of all kinds,even weeds, if placed in a heap with fretli 
lime and covered with soil, will decay and afford a valuable dressing for your 
land ; and if a portion of this compost, with a sprinkling of soot, is placed in the 
drills’when the Potatoes are planted, the crop will be heavier, and the produce 
better in quality. You can only ascertain for yourself the precise va' ieties that 
are the best adapted for your particular soil, and if the ground is wet as well as 
heavy you will find it advantageous to grow the Potatoes on ridges—that is, 
place the tubers on the surface and cover them with soil obtained from between 
the rows, which should be wider apart than usual. 
Names of Fruits. —We have many times notified that only six varieties of 
fruits can be named at once; still large packages reach us, the contents of which 
cannot be examined. Some fruits are not named because the sender’s name 
docs not accompany them, and we cannot always determine to whom the re¬ 
spective parcels belong, even by the aid of letters received by post. Pear3, we 
have previously intimated, ought to be ripe or approaching ripeness when sent, 
or a number of them cannot be identified. All packages must be carriage paid ; 
unpaid parcels are sent every week that are not taken in. The fee for naming 
fruit to non-subscribers is 5.5. It is important that these conditions be attended 
to for preventing disappointment. (Edward Collins). —We are sorry we cannot 
name your Apple. (A. Barker). — Pears —1, Arlequin musque ; 2, rotten; 3, not 
known. Apples—), Cox’s Orange Pippin, 2, Wormsley Pippin ; 3, Gloria Mundi; 
4, Somerset Lasting ; 5, Hollandbury ; 6, Striped Holland Pippen ; 7. Bedfordshire 
Foundling; 8, not known. (James Searle).— 1. Flemish Bonchretien ; 2, Leon 
Leclerc de Laval; 3,Beurre d’Aremberg ; 4, Winter Franc Real ; 5, Forelle ; 6, 
Beurrd Sterckmans. (G. S., Sundbeck Park). —1, Gloria Mundi ; 2, ditto ; 3, Mincli- 
all Crab ; 4, not known. (A. Death). —1, Bedfordshire Foundling ; 2, not known ; 
3, Yorkshire Greening ; 4. Cox’s Pomona ; 5, Rosemary Russet; 6, Cox’s Orange 
Pippin. (IF. »S\ Mainsforth). —We do not know the names of either of the two 
Pears. (G. C. S.).— We suspect the Apples you have sent are purely local 
varieties, of which we do not know the name. 
Names of Plants (IF. E. B .).—Zygopetalum Mackayi. (Stafford).— 1, 
Begonia Ingrami; 2, B. fohosa ; 3, B. natalensis; 4, specimen insufficient; 5, 
B. insignis ; 6, Gesnera Donckelaari. (A Young Gardener ).—Your plant is 
Acacia heterophylla, and requires a greenhouse temperature. 
Do Rhododendrons Kill Bees ? (M. Thompson). —Mr. Pettigrew says 
the statement sometimes made that Rhododendron flowers kill bees that work 
on them is not true. Bees have been kept in Rhododendron nurseries with 
success. For thirty years his bees have been surrounded with gardens in which 
Rhododendrons have been growing, and he has never known nor feared the loss 
of a bee from them. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET.— December 7. 
Our market is completely stagnant, arrivals of Canadian fruit seriously 
affecting prices. 
Good dessert Pear 
are in demand. 
FRUIT. 
9 . 
d. 
s. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
Apples. 
i sieve 
1 
0 to3 
6 
Lemons. 
^ case 18 
rto30 
0 
Apricots. 
doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Melons . 
each 
0 
0 
0 
0 
th. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Nectarines. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
& 100 
4 
0 
G 
0 
Currants, Black .. 
4 sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Peaches . 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ lied.... 
l sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears .kitchen .. 
dozen 
i 
0 
1 
G 
Figs. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
dessert . 
dozen 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Filberts. 
^tb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apples .... 
1? tb 
i 
6 
2 
0 
Cobs. 
W mo lb. 
75 
0 
0 
0 
Strawberries .... 
per lb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Gooseberries .... 
i sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Walnuts . 
bushel 
7 
0 
8 
0 
Grapes . 
¥>■ ib 
0 
G 
4 
e 
VEGETABLES. 
9. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
8. 
d 
Artichokes. 
dozen 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Mushrooms . 
punnet 
1 
Oto 1 
6 
Asparagus. 
bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mustard* Cress . 
. punnet 
0 
2 
0 
3 
Keans,Kidney... 
IF 100 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Ouions. 
bushel 
3 
6 
0 
0 
Beet, Red. 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
pickling. 
quart 
0 
0 
0 
5 
Broccoli. 
bundle 
0 
9 
i 
6 
Parsley. doz 
bunches 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Brussels Sprouts. 
4 sieve 
2 
0 
2 
6 
Parsnips. 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cabbage. 
dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Potatoes . 
bushel 
2 
6 
3 
0 
Carrots. 
bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
K idney. 
bushel 
3 
0 
3 
6 
Capsicums. 
IF 100 
] 
6 
2 
0 
Radishes.... doz .bunches 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers. 
dozen 
1 
0 
3 
6 
Rhubarb. 
bundle 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Celery . 
bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsafy. 
bundle 
i 
0 
0 
0 
Coleworts_doz. 
bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera . 
bundle 
i 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers. 
each 
0 
G 
0 
8 
Seakale . 
basket 
2 
0 
2 
3 
Endive. 
dozen 
i 
0 
2 
0 
Shallots. 
IF lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Fennel. 
bunch 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach . 
bushel 
3 
0 
0 
0 
G rlic . 
. Rj. 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Tomatoes . 
th. 
0 
8 
1 
0 
Herbs. 
bunch 
0 
2 
0 
c 
Turnips. 
bunch 0 
4 
0 
0 
Leeks. 
bunch 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Vegetable Marrows each 
0 
0 
0 
0 
POULTRY AND PIGEON CHRONICLE. 
STABLE ACCOMMODATION FOR HORSES. 
(Continued from page 508 .) 
In the horse boxes to keep the accumulating bedding firm 
enough to prevent heating, it is requisite to supply a little water 
once a day with a common water-pot with the rose on, especially 
round the outside of the box, where the horse does not tread so 
closely to the division of concrete and boarding. It is also neces¬ 
sary to strew a little dry fine earth over the straw surface daily. 
