August 7, 1884. J 
JOURNAL OF EORTTCULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
127 
English name (fi^. 24). Variable in its markin|^s, like others of the 
Tortris tribe, it displays upon its bell-shaped wings lines and streaks 
of orange, grey, and brown, their expansion being about half an inch. 
The eggs are probably laid in the autumn sometimes, more usually in 
the spring, and the young caterpillar begins its career by nibbling the 
blossoms ; later on it is found within the fruit, lodging under the 
eye, doubtless causing the fall of many that come off prematurely. 
If brought to daylight it appears as a small dull brown caterpillar, 
reddish on the back, with a horny and shining plate behind the head, 
and slightly hairy. It is vain to search for it, but fallen fruit that is 
likely to contain it should be destroyed ; also those little heaps of dead 
leaves which we notice about the orchards in autumn, since they may 
lodge the insect as a chrysalis. And, occasionally, the caterpillar of 
the codling moth (Carpocapsa pomonana) is detected upon the just- 
forming fruit of May, or upon the ripening fruit of July and August, 
though its wonted food is the Apple. Since the moth harbours under 
loose bark during the winter the trunks of trees in orchards ought to 
be looked after. 
Then there is a tiny case-bearing caterpillar that frequents the 
foliage of the Pear, rejoicing in the Latin name of Coleophora hemo- 
robiella, much more common some years than others. It manifests 
itself by appearing upon the leaves in these cigar-like cases, hardly a 
quarter of an inch long, and on opening one we find within a pale- 
brown caterpillar with a black head. In feeding it does not pierce 
through the leaf, but mostly finishes b}'- mining it, leaving a broad 
blotch ; on the whole, the insect is a disfigurer rather than one of 
serious harm to the Pear. More, however, might be said against the 
abundant Pear blister moth (Argyroraiges clerckella), the wings of 
which expand about half an inch, the upper pair being dull white, 
sprinkled with dark dots, and having streaks of purple ; the lower 
W’ings are brownish. This moth comes out early in Maj' to lay i s 
eggs upon the leaves, and a few weeks after the slightly hairy, 
yellowish white larvae are feeding under the cuticle, where they defy 
all applications. When adult, they pierce the leaves and spin 
cocoons on their surface ; therefore, it is advisable where it has been 
troublesome to burn all dead leaves in autumn, and also to remove the 
surface soil close to the base of walls, which might harbour some 
blown by the wind. 
It should have been noted before that several species of aphis or 
fly haunt the Pear, especially A. Pyri and Persicse. The leaves are 
also deformed by mites of more than one species, which produce gall¬ 
like swellings. The best known of these is Phytoptus Pyri, by the 
agency of which are caused red swellings, within which the cellular 
tissue is black, and they at last, become of that colour when the mites 
leave them to migrate to fresh leaves.— Entomologist. 
SOUTHAMPTON SHOW. 
August 2nd and 4th. 
The twenty-second annual summer Exhibition of the Royal Southampton 
Horticultural Society was held in the grounds at Westwood Park, and was 
in some respects one of the best that the Society has yet produced. This 
was especially the case as regards the plants, which were admirably shown in 
all the classes. Five large marquees were devoted to the exhibits, which 
were effectively and conveniently arranged. The weather proved most 
favourable, and there was a large attendance of visitors upon both days, 
but on Monday the grounds were crowded. 
PL.\NTS. 
There is invariably an excellent display of plants at Southampton, the 
liberal prizes in the open classes bringing some of the best of the leading 
exhibitors from a distance, and the local growers prove by their exhibits 
how high a degree of skill they have attained in the culture of plants gene¬ 
rally. The Show of Saturday and Monday last was no exception to the rule ; 
indeed in several classes there a decided improvement was observable, and 
throughout the exhibits were distinguished by a most commendable fresh¬ 
ness and health. In the majority of the classes the competition was very 
keen as regards closeness of merit, and that the numbers were satisfactory 
may be judged from the fact that three large marquees w'ere exclusively 
devoted to plants. 
The leading open class, and one in which the chief interest usually centres, 
is that for twelve stove or greenhouse plants, six in bloom and six fine-foliage, 
the prizes being £20, £15, and £10. There were three competitors, all noted 
plant-growers—namely, Mr. Cypher of Cheltenham, Mr. Tudgey of Waltham 
Cross, and Mr. James of Lower Norwood, London, and these three collections 
constituted a really fine show of large specimen plants. Mr. Cypher was 
accorded first honours for superb examples of Dasylirion acrotrichum ; Croton 
angustifolius, 7 feet high and as much in diameter, grandly coloured; C. 
Queen Victoria, also handsome ; Kentia Fosteriana, very large and extremely 
graceful; Latania borbonica of great size and in fine health ; Ixora Pilgrimi 
and Ixora Williamsi, beautifully flowered with large dense heads ; Erica 
kingstoniensis, Bougainvillea glabra, Allamanda nobilis, and Erica obbata, 
even, healthy, and profusely flowered. Mr. Tudgey secured the second place 
f jr a praiseworthy collection, in which Croton Johannis, Pritchardia pacifica, 
Cycas circinalis, and Kentia australis were equally notable. Mr. H. James 
was third, his fine-foliage plants, such as Seaforthia elegans, Corypha australis, 
and Theophrasta imperialis, being the strongest part of his collection, though 
his Anthurium Andreanum and Statice profusa were uncommonly beautiful. 
Two classes were provided for fifteen miscellaneous plants, not less than 
six in bloom, pne being confined to nurserymen and the other to gardeners. 
The entries in these classes occupied considerable space, and together with 
those in the previous class almost filled one marquee. Amongst the nursery¬ 
men the firsc place was accorded to Mr. J. F. Mould, Pewsey, who contributed 
a handsome collection of plants, especially noteworthy being Dipladenia 
Brearleyana, finely flowered ; Allamanda nobilis, similarly beautiful; Dra- 
cicna Goldieana, large and healthy ; Cleichenia rupestris, most vigorou.s and 
fresh ; Erica Austiniana, and Kalosanthes princeps being large and freely 
flowered. Messrs. Jackson & Son, Kingston, were second with a good collec¬ 
tion of Crotons, Dipladenias, Statices, and similar plants, all well grown. 
Messrs. J. C. & H. Ranson, Hill Lane, and Messrs. Oakley & Watling secured 
the third and fourth places, each staging healthy neat plants. In the gar¬ 
deners’ class Mr. E. Wills, gardener to Mrs. Pearce, The Firs, Bassett, was 
accorded the premier position for a neat creditable collection of specimen.®, 
of which Statice profu-a, finely flowered ; Alocasia Lowii, Erica Parmentieri- 
ana rosea, Cycas revoluta, Kalosanthes coccinea, Croton Queen Victoria, 
finely coloured ; and Verschaffeltia splendida. Mr. N. Blandford, gardener 
to Mrs. Haselfoot, Moor Hill, West End, secured the second place with 
vigorous healthy plants, Cyanophyllum magnificum, Croton Disraeli, and 
Adiantum trapeziforme being exceedingly fine. 
Orchids are never shown very largely at Southampton, but probably if 
the prizes were increased in value more competitors would be induced to 
enter, and greater encouragement would thus be given to Orchid culture in 
the district. The highest price at present offered for a collection of Orchids 
is £2 10s., and this is not sufficient to insure a very large display. Mr. 
Osborn, gardener to H. J. Buchan, Esq., Wilton House, Southampton, was 
awarded the first prize for a very tastefully arranged group of well-grown 
and freely flowered plants, amongst which the beautiful white Dendrobium 
Dearei was particularly well represented. Oncidium Papilio, Odontoglossum 
Roezli, Dendrochilum filiforme, Cypripedium Veitchii, Odontoglossum Alexan- 
di'ffi, and several other species and varieties, about four dozen plants being 
included, with small Ferns. Mr. H. Jam^s took the second place, showing 
Dendrobium Dalhousianum in very fine condition, and Dendrobium glumaceum 
equally good, besides several other species and varieties. Mr. Blandford was 
third, his plants of Peristeria elata being exceedingly fine, and with an 
extraordinary plant of the same species he gained the premier award in the 
class for a single specimen. This had six spikes wfith twelve to fourteen 
flowers each, large and pure in colour ; very rarely indeed is so handsome a 
plant seen. Mr. Osborn followed with Cypripedium Sedeni, having twelve 
or more spikes, and Mr. James was third with Cattleya crispa. 
Fuchsias were extremely well represented, the grand specimens with which 
Mr. Wills gained the first place in the class for six plants being of remark¬ 
able merit in health, floriferousness, and condition generally. They were 
G to 7 feet high, freely and informally trained, of conical shape, and loaded 
with flow'ers. Mr. Osborn was second with similar specimens, and in smaller 
classes some well-grown plants were staged by Messrs. Wills, Osborn, 
W. Joy, Bettendge, and Burch. Mr. W. Joy had the best single specimenr 
Fuchsia, about 4 feet high, compact and neat, Mr. Busby being second with 
a slightly less regular but good plant. 
Tuberous Begonias were also shown satisfactorily as regards the size and 
health of the plants, but the varieties were mostly of the old type—namely, 
with narrow petals, brightly coloured, but wanting in that substance with 
which we are now familiar. As decorative plants, however, well-grown 
specimens of even the smaller-flowered Tuberous Begonias are very useful. 
Mr. Wills was the leader in the class for six with profusely flowered plants, 
Messrs. Osborn, Amys, Molyneux, and Windebank following in that order 
with similar plants, differing slightly in size. Cockscombs were fine, with 
large richly coloured heads; Mr. Hunt, Mr. Osborn, and Mr. Windebank 
securing the prizes in that order. Zonal Pelargoniums also, both single and 
double, formed an important addition to the Show, furnishing a most welcome 
colour. Messrs. Blandford, Ransom, Wills, and Windebank were adjudged 
the principal prizes for compactly trained and freely flowered plants. 
The best single specimen stove or greenhouse plant was a large Rhyn- 
chospermum jasminoides from Mr. Amys. It was about 5 feet in diameter, 
in good health, but not quite so well flowered as might be desired. Mr. Cox 
was second with Allamanda Hendersoni, to which the same remarks would 
apply; and Mr. James followed with Rondeletia speciosa major, large, and 
in fairly good condition. Mr. Cypher had the best single specimen Heath, 
Erica Barnesi, 4 feet in diameter, even, and in most healthy condition. Mr. 
Amys secured the second place for a well-grown Erica Irbyana, and Mr. 
J. F. Mould followed with Erica Fairrieana. 
Fine-foliage plants were well but not largely shown, especially in the 
class for nine specimens, which were mostly large and handsome examples. 
Mr. E. Molyneux, gardener to W. H. Myers, Esq., Swanmore Park, Bishops 
Waltham, was adjudged premier honours for beautiful plants, of which 
Allamanda Hendersoni, Croton Queen Victoria, C. variegatus, and Cissus 
discolor were the most noteworthy. Mr. H. O. Hunt, gardener to R. Moss, 
Esq., Weston Grove, Woolston, followed with smaller but clean and hand¬ 
some plants—Lygodium scandens globularly trained, and a large profusely 
flowered Oncidium sphacelatum being remarkable. Coleuses were of 
moderate size, but finely coloured. Mr. R. West, gardener to R. Wigram, 
Esq., Northlands, Salisbury; Mr. Wills, and Mr. Hunt, were the prize- 
takers in that order. 
Ferns were in all the classes very healthy, and though mostly of 
moderate size that was far from being a disadvantage ; in the very large 
specimens are too frequently rather lacking in that most essential quality— 
freshness. Mr. Wills had, however, some handsome plants in the class for 
six, and easily won the leading honours. Particularly fine were Davalha 
Mooreana, Davallia polyantha (extremely vigorous), Adiantum cardi- 
ochlsena, and Adiantum farleyense. The second place was secured by 
Mr. Amys, who had Davallia Mooreana, Lygodium scandens, and Alsophila 
excelsa in prime condition. Mr. Wills was also first with six hardy 
Ferns, neat plants, of good varieties. With four exotic Ferns Mr. W. Pell, 
gardener to Miss Todd, Shirley, took the lead with Davallia Mooreana, 
Adiantum farleyense, A. assimile, and Gymnogramma chrysophylla, all 
healthy. Mr. Cox, gardener to R. R. Wyndham, Esq., Corhampton House, 
Bishops Waltham, was second, his best plant being Nephrolepis davallicides 
furcans ; and Mr. Blandford was third, an example of Gymnogramma 
pez’uviana in his collection being of great merit. In the nurserymen’s 
class for four Ferns Messrs. Jackson & Son were placed in the first position 
for Dicksonia antarctica, Lomaria zamioides, Platycerium grande, and 
