182 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTIAGE GARDENER. 
[ August 21, 1884. 
VEGETABLES 
Artichokes .. . 
. dozen 
s. 
2 
d. 
0 
S. 
to 4 
d. 
0 
Lettuce . 
dozen 
8. 
1 
d. 
0 to 
s. 
1 
d. 
6 
Beans, Kidney 
ft. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Mushrooms .. 
punnet 
0 
0 
1 
G 
Beet, Red .. . 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Mustard and Cress 
punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Broccoli . 
bundle 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Onions . 
bushel 
2 
6 
3 
0 
Brussels Sprouts . 
. i sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley .. dozen bunches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Cabbage . 
. dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Parsnips . 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Capsicums .. . 
100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Potatoes . 
cwt. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Carrots . 
. bunch 
0 
S 
0 
4 
,, Kidney . 
cwt. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Cauliflowers .. 
. dozen 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Rhubarb. 
bundle 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Celery . 
. bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsafy. 
bundle 
1 
0 
0 
6 
Cole worts dcz. 
bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera .. .. 
bundle 
1 
6 
0 
6 
Cucumbers .. . 
. each 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Shallots. 
.. ft. 
0 
S 
0 
0 
Endive. 
. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach. 
bushel 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Herbs . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes 
.. ft. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Leeks . 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Turnips. 
bunch 
0 
4 
0 
0 
SEASONABLE HINTS ON SHEEP MANAGEMENT. 
In sultry showery weather the maggot fly often causes much 
suffering among sheep. Dipping in a bath containing Cooper’s 
powder a fortnight after shearing is an excellent plan by way 
of preventive, but it does not render them altogether safe from 
attacks. Sheep suffering from diarrhnea soon have the wool 
upon the tail and hind quarters clotted with filth ; and unless 
they are watched closely and trimmed frequently the fly will 
deposit eggs in the foul wool, maggots will then soon appear 
and burrow under the skin, causing so much irritation that the 
tortured animal is almost constantly rubbing itself in vain efforts 
to get rid of the pest. The wool falls off, and it is possible that 
mortificat’on and death may follow. Neglect leading to such 
suffering is unpardonable, and it is our rule to have the flock 
inspected twice daily, symptoms of the fly being easily detected 
by the eyes of an experienced person without handling the sheep. 
Cuff’s ointment is our favourite remedy: its effect is thorough 
and instantaneous, a little poured upon the wool aiid dispersed 
among it by rubbing causing every maggot to leave the wool or 
to die. When a sheep is trimmed for diarrhoea a little dry earth 
powdered or dust is afterwards shaken over the foul part, both 
as a disinfectant and to make it dry and less liable to attract the 
fly. Bad cases of foot-rot also induce the tly to lay its eggs 
there. Nq once saw a neglected sheep with its foot and leg 
much swollen, the hoof loosened by mortification and crowded 
with maggots. It was so bad a case that we thought nothing 
could save the foot. It was at once bathed with warm water, the 
maggots routed out, and a fresh poultice daily of linseed meal 
with more bathing effected a perfect cure, the sheep eventually 
walking quite well without limping. 
A wet spring and summer frequently causes both sheep and 
lambs to suffer from liver fluke. No disease to which sheep ai*e 
liable is more difficult to overcome. Out of fifty lambs purchased 
at a July fair in a wet season we lost fifteen despite all our care. 
We have also had heavy losses of sheep by it. During the 
earlier stages of the disease the animals fatten quickly and the 
mutton IS excellent. When sheep are attacked by it the only 
way to avoid loss is to force them on by high feeding, so that 
they may he killed and sold while the meat is wholesome. Lame¬ 
ness of the right fore leg is the first unmistakeable symptom. 
If the sheep is then caught and pressed upon the right side it 
shrinks with pain. As the disease advances the eye becomes 
suffused with yellow; the skin also becomes yellow, the wool 
parts easily from it, and then death usually follows quickly. 
The remedy, or rather the best method of treatment, is to put 
the flock upon a dry upland pasture; to give dry food consisting 
of chopped hay mixed with crushed oats, bran, and a little cake, 
with a plentiful mixture of salt. Rock salt is also kept con¬ 
stantly among the sheep. A tonic consisting of a drachm of 
powdered gentian root with half a drachm of powdered ginger 
may a'so be given frequently with advantage. 
As the damp weather and cold nights of autumn come on 
sheep are much troubled with what is known as booze, catarrh, 
or influenza—really a bad cough and cold. Who has not heard 
the wheezing cough so common to sheep at that time of year? 
There is an undoubted per-centage of deterioration if not of 
actual loss from this cause in every Hock, and when sheep are 
folded upon Turnips or grass it is unavoidable, but for flocks on 
an open pasture much might be done by the provision of open 
lodges with a hard dry floor for them to lie upon at night. They 
require no driving to it after they have once been there, for they 
have so decided a pre‘‘erence for a dry bed that they will always 
leave the grass for it at dusk. The feeding of sheep on the 
home farm ought certainly not to be done on the high-pressure 
system of the tenant farmer, who begins feeding with cake as 
soon as the lambs can eat it, and has them fat and ready for the 
butcher at any time from eight to twelve months old, and it is 
even claimed that Hampshire Down lambs may be made to 
weigh 80 lbs. when six months old. For the table of the con¬ 
noisseur we are bound to have mutton of a certain age to have 
colour and flavour, and as a general rule only delicate or sickly 
sheep have corn or cake, the others being almost entirely grass- 
fed. 
WORK ON THE HOME FARM. 
Horse and Hand Labour .—So favourable has been the weather that 
cutting, carrying, and even thrashing of corn has gone briskly on. This 
statement has undoubtedly to be qualified in some measure as regards 
the cutting in districts were there is much lodged corn, for in many 
fields it is so much beaten down that the reaping machine could not be 
used, and a sharp outlook had to be kept upon the hand labour employed 
to cut it, or quite half the straw would be left upon the stubble. In such 
cases the work is tedious and expensive, the corn by being exposed to the 
more direct influence of the sun ripening so fast that as many men as 
possible have to he employed in the cutting. Much corn is of course 
being cut by reaping machines, and considerable interest has been excited 
by the recent trials of various reaping and binding machines near 
Shrewsbury under the auspices of the Royal Agricultural Society. What¬ 
ever the final decision may be, the general results achieved up to the time 
of writing this note are extraordinary, four machines having each finished 
an acre of Oats in 33, 41, 41^ and 4U minutes respectively. Fine dry 
samples of new Wheat weighing 64 lbs. per bushel are in the market at 
the exceedingly low quotation of 36s. per quarter. The probable yield of 
Wheat throughout the kingdom is estimated at about thirty bushels per 
acre. Full advantage should be taken of a continuance of fine weather 
for clearing foul land as the corn is cleared off it. This matter is most 
important, a day’s labour well applied now being equivalent to a week 
in spring ; the land is dry and light, and rubbish is easily disposed of by 
burning. First of all clear off all stubble that is valuable for litter by 
harrowing, then with the horse hoe, scarifier, or grubber loosen the soil 
sufficiently to work out couch grass and other troublesome weeds. In 
stiff land the plough may also be required, as well as men with steel 
digging forks and hoes. White Turnips, Mustard, and Trifolium incar- 
natum should be sown as soon as the stubbles are clear. Do not plough 
for Trifolium, but simply clear off the stubble ; sow the seed broadcast, 
24 lbs. per acre, or 20 lbs. Trifolium and a peck of Italian Rye Grass. 
Live Stock .—Foals should now be weaned, or there will be an undue 
strain upon the mares. Beasts forward in condition should now be 
pushed on, and drafting for the butcher be continued as fast as possible ; 
for after the next six weeks the nights will be growing cold, stock will be 
run into yards at night, and all should be done before then that is 
possible to reduce the number of animals to reasonable limits, our 
arrangements in this direction being governed by the size of the yards 
and number of lodges at our disposal for winter. If ewes have not been 
put to the ram for January lambs no time should be lost in doing this, 
the period of gestation being twenty-two weeks. 
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 
Camdex Square, London. 
Lat.51o32'40’'N.; Long. 0^ 8'0" W.; Altitu le, 111 feet. 
DATE. 
9 A.M. 
IN THE DAY. 
d 
1884. 
August. 
Barome¬ 
ter at 328 
and Sea 
Level 
Hygrome¬ 
ter. 
Direction 
of Wind. 
1 Temp, of 
Soil at 
1 1 foot. 
Shade Tem¬ 
perature. 
Radiation 
Temperature. 
Dry. 
Wet. 
Max. 
Min. 
In 
sun. 
On 
grass. 
Inches. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
1" 
Sunday . 
10 
30 027 
65.2 
62.0 
N.E. 
66.5 
82.6 
60.4 
114.2 
56.5 
0.017 
Monday. 
11 
29.952 
78.3 
66.9 
E. 
66.2 
92 0 
61..5 
125.4 
56.1 
(.01:; 
Tuesday. 
1*2 
29.940 
73.6 
67.3 
S.E. 
67 8 
82 4 
63 8 
123.8 
58.6 
— 
Wednesday . 
13 
30.024 
68.7 
63.8 
s.w. 
67.8 
79.3 
59.6 
121.4 
54.5 
0.010 
Thursday ... 
14 
80.002 
67.4 
58.i> 
N.E. 
67.4 
74.7 
67.6 
119.5 
54.7 
— 
Friday. 
15 
30.104 
64.7 
5S.0 
N.E. 
66.5 
77.6 
53.2 
H5.3 
48.4 
— 
Saturday ... 
16 
30.166 
65.7 
59.2 
N.E. 
66.4 
79.7 
53.1 
112.9 
47.7 
— 
30.039 
6J.1 
62.4 
66.9 
81 2 
58.5 
118 9 
53.8 
0.0 40 
REMARKS. 
lOtli.—Rain from S A.M. to 10 A M , followed by a lovely day. 
1 b.—Fine, bright, and intensely hot; thunleraud lightning in evening and night, and 
some rain at night. 
)2 h.—Diiil early ; sprinkle of r.aln about 10 A M.; pleasant day ; much cooler. 
13 ,h.—Dull early; pleasant day, with some cloud shower in evening, 
nth.— Bright, cool, and pleasant. 
1.5th.—Fine and bright. 
ICth.—not and fine, almost cloudless. 
Another week of glorious summer weather. The temperature of Frid.ay the 8th. on 
which we remarked last week, was exceeded by that of Monday the 11th, when 92 0^ w is 
recorded. Temp irature of the week nearly 8“ .above the average, an I m ire th an 3^ above 
that of the preceding week. During tlie sixtee days of the present ]month only O.'iSJ 
inch of rain has fallen.—G. J. SYMONS. 
