September 4, 1884. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
213 
H. liortensis would thrive in this soil, too, but its flowers would 
retain the normal pink colour. 
Rubns flore albo pleno and R. roseo pleno are both lovely, 
with double white and pink flowers in August and September. 
The Chinese Bramble (Rubus phmnicolasius) is also ornamental, 
with handsome foliage, dark green on the upper and white on 
the lower side. The fruit is eveloped in a long downy reddish- 
brown calyx as it grows after the flowers fade. In this guise it 
is attractive, and when the segments of the calyx turn back and 
display the glossy scarlet fruit which comes in bold symmetrical 
clusters, the effect is bright and pleasing in a very high degree. 
I have some plants of it which were raised from seed two years 
ago, and find the fruit ripens at the same time as that of the 
common Bramble, so that it is at its best from the last week of 
August onwards through September. Escallonia macrantha 
becomes so handsome a shrub in the southern counties, and gives 
flowers so early and late in summer, that it must certainly have 
a prominent place wherever it is found to answer. Thei'e is 
nothing gaudy or even brilliant about it, yet its effect is de¬ 
cidedly rich, quiet, and refined. Its growth is so dense that 
large specimens are literally mounds of deep glossy evergreen 
foliage, charmingly studded with spikes of bright pink flowers in 
summer. 
Hypericum patulum is one of our best dwai-f shrubs for the 
front rank of a group. When 2 to 3 feet high and as much in 
diameter it is by no means inconspicuous, for it is so full of 
pretty yellow flowers in August and September as to be very 
attractive, ^sculus laciniatum, the summer-flowering dwarf 
Horse Chestnut, has handsome foliage, each shoot being crowned 
with a spike of its pretty white flowers now, and in autumn the 
leaves change to a rich yellow. Desfontainia spinosa is another 
August-flowering shrub with evergreen foliage very much like 
that of the common Holly, with handsome orange tubular 
flowers. It grows to a height of about 6 feet, and is then 
remarkable for its distinct and striking appearance. Another 
shrub seldom met with is Hypericum oblongifolium, which is at 
its best just now. The finest specimen I know of is at Oai’clew. 
When I saw it a few years ago at the end of August it was 
6 feet high, and a perfect mass of yellow flowers. Nice plants of 
both it and H. patulum can now be had for Is. 6rf. each. Both 
are to be regarded as indispensable among summer-flowering 
shrubs, and I strongly commend them to the notice of those 
who have a list in course of preparation for next planting 
season. 
Another native shrub, though not so brilliant as the Mountain 
Ash, but quite worth planting, is the common Guelder Rose. It 
grows into a shapely rounded bush some 10 feet high and as 
much in diameter, its pure white flowers being followed by 
clusters of glossy purplish-crimson berries, w'hich continue orna¬ 
mental till winter, for the birds will not touch them, as they do 
the more brilliant berries of the Mountain Ash, which are now 
being eaten so fast that none will be left in another fortnight. 
Autumn may certainly claim the Guelder Rose for its berries, 
and for the crimson hue of its foliage then if there be much 
oxide of iron in the soil in which it grows. The Liquidamber 
styraciflua is then especially brilliant with its rich crimson 
leaves, affording a striking contrast to the silvery plumes of the 
Pampas Grass. It does not answer well in a poor thin soil, but 
is quite worthy of one’s best care in providing stations for it. 
Pyrus prunifolia is highly ornamental with its brilliant-coloured 
fruit, of which it has an abundant crop this year. So, too, has 
our own wild Crab, and there is no sight more attractive in 
autumn than a tree of it laden with the pretty high-coloured 
clusters of yellow and crimson fruit. Like the Mountain Ash 
and Guelder Rose it abounds in the woods here, giving us 
blossom in spring, and fruit that is even more attractive in the 
autumn. 
I decidedly object to Apple trees in shrubberies, but the Crab 
is a miniature form that is not offensive, its growth having a 
certain air of wild beauty that is agreeable; but a grafted Apple 
tree as it becomes old gradually developes a squat spreading head 
that is the reverse of ornamental. I was once standing on a 
terrace in front of a noble pile of buildings in the full enjoy¬ 
ment of a 8 ’ene rich in all the elaborate details of a first-class 
terrace garden. Looking onwards I saw fine timber fringed with 
handsome shrub groups, soft undulating turf—all was in accord, 
till farther on the eye fell upon the tops of some old standard 
Apple trees, and there was at once an involuntary sense of in¬ 
congruity, of the presence of a feature that clashed with all that 
was graceful, stately, and symmetrical around it. I revert to this 
incident now, because occasionally an advocate of novelty puts 
forward a plea for the introduction of Apple trees in shrub¬ 
beries. Lovely as Apple blossom undoubtedly is, we can only 
accord the trees due admiration in the right place, which un¬ 
doubtedly is in the orchard, or hard by some quaint old farm¬ 
house. Certainly our store of autumn-flowering shrubs is not 
extensive, but then we hardly look for fresh young flowers that 
time of year, and are prepared to admire soft rich mellow tints 
on dying foliage, and the bright colours of ripening berries that 
tell of the swift approach of winter. Golden Queen Holly then 
comes more fully into notice than it did in summer, and we have 
a picture of varied and delightful contrasts, rich in harmony, 
without one jarring note, if near it we see a Liquidamber, a 
Rhus laciniata, some of the Japanese Maples, Cornus brachy- 
poda, a Pampas Grass, some of the hardy Azaleas, a Berberis 
japonica, of which I have seen a specimen 12 feet high, with a 
sprightly fresh green Conifer or two. Conceive the effect of the 
rich leaf tints if for foil we have a background of the lively 
green foliage of Pinus insignis, with perhaps a white-stemmed 
Birch or two for relief, with the long pendant flexile branches 
still dotted with foliage that has taken its dying tinge of yellow. 
Not easy is it to plant such a picture, but it is worth while 
trying, and though failures may occur, the work of alteration 
and improvement will certainly be anything but unpleasant.— 
Edward Luckhurst. 
(To be continued.) 
THE CELERY MAGGOT AND MEALY BUG. 
The Celery Maggot. —Last year our Celery crop suffered severely 
from the attacks of this maggot, and after trying various remedies to no 
purpose, we had to resort to hand-picking the infested parts of the leaves, 
which, as a matter of course, checked the progress of the plants, in 
consequence of which our crop of Celery was rather a light one. The 
Parsley crop also came in for a share of its attentions, much to its 
detriment. 
We were visited this year rather earlier than last, as the maggots 
attacked the plants while yet;in frames. 1 determined to try the effects of 
tobacco juice on them, so a pail was procured in which we diluted Corry 
and Soper’s “ London ” tobacco juice with water, one part of the former to 
ten of the latter ; the plants were then carefully lifted with earth attached, 
and each one dipped in the mixture up to the collar and then laid on 
their side to drip for a few minutes, after which they were finally planted 
in the prepared trenches. Next day on examining the leaves which were 
infected we found the maggots all dead, and I am happy to say that we 
have been quite free from them up to the present; but should they 
make their appearance again we shall treat them to the same dose 
applied through the syringe, which I have no doubt will have the desired 
effect. 
The Mealy Bug. —It has been for years a wonder to me how such a 
slow-going insect could spread so rapidly over plants, till of late I have 
satisfied myself that there is no wonder in the matter, as the full-grown 
female which lays the eggs is quite different in appearance and in powers 
of locomotion from the others, being a small grey insect with wings, 
generally to be found in the folds on the under side of the leaves, and 
when disturbed will show its paces in pretty quick style. When sponging 
plants infected with mealy bug this harmless-looking female bug should 
be carefully hunted for and destroyed.—H. Henderson. 
[Is not the winged insect the male ?] 
HYDRAULIC RAMS. 
An effective advertisement in the Journal reminds me of the great 
value of an hydraulic ram in a garden in one of the driest districts in Eng¬ 
land. Without the aid of this simple but most effective appliance for 
raising water from a distant stream to a tank at the top of a mansion, and 
from thence conducted to the garden through inch pipes, there would have 
been a total collapse in the crops not only this year but on several pievious 
occasions. I mention that the water was conveyed to the top of the man¬ 
sion for the reason of showing that it answers all ordinary purposes there, 
and that an adjacent hill, as shown in the figure on the back page of the 
Journal last week, is by no means a necessity for the effectiveness of the 
system. When such a hill exists it is highly desirable to take advantage 
of it, because then the pressure of water is so great that when it passes 
through small pipes it is driven to a great height and with corresponding 
force in the case of an outbreak of fire at the top of a building ; and in 
the absence of fire, what is far better, a fountain can be kept in play when¬ 
ever it may be desired. Do not, however, let the absence of a mountain 
deter anyone from fixing an hydraulic ram where there is a stream of 
water for working it and for distribution where it may he wanted in man¬ 
sion, offices, and garden. 
In two establishments in which I have served the water supply is 
obtained from a lower level by the aid of water-wheels and pumps—the 
wheels working the pumps and forcing the water a distance of half a mile 
or so. The supply seldom failed, still it was not constant. The cost must 
have been considerable in procuring all the necessaries for the working of 
the system, and constant attention most be given to oiling the parts liable 
to friction, or a break in the supply of water speedily occurs. In a third 
establishment I found an hydraulic ram, and this ram was certainly one 
of the best friends I ever had. I was astonished by its simplicity and 
gratified by its efficiency. It was always at work night and day, need- 
