September 25, 1884. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
293 
Intermediate Carrots, ilajor Clarke’s Red Celery, and Reading Russet 
Potatoes. 
MISCELLANEOUS EXHIBITS. 
The stands of flowers and the collection of fruits not in competition from 
nurserymen and others added considerably to the extent and interest of the 
Show. Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, were very large exhibitors, having 
about sixteen boxes of single, Show, Fancy, and Bouquet Dahlias, Asters, and 
miscellaneous autumn-flowering herbaceous plants, besides eighty dishes of 
Apples, representing a great number of varieties. Messrs. T. Rivers A Sons, 
Sawbridgeworth, had some choice Peaches and Pears, very notable amongst 
the former being Lord and Lady Palmerston, Prince of Wales, Exquisite, 
Albatross, and Mr. Glads ;one; while of the Pears Pitmaston Duchess, 
Durondeau, Louise Bonne of Jersey, and Rivers’ Prince were remarkable 
for their size. Mr. T. S. Ware, Tottenham, had six boxes of single 
and bouquet Dahlias, very beautiful and selected varieties. Mr. H. 
G. Campbell, Gourock, Scotland, sent a stand of thiity handsome 
Gladiolus spikes. Messrs. Keynes, Williams & Co,, Salisbury, contributed 
ten stands of Show and Fancy Dahlias with five of single varieties, all 
extremely fine and rich in colours. Mr. G. Humphreys, Nash Court 
Gardens, Faversham, showed samples of a fine Lapageria named rosea 
splendens with flowers 4 to 5 inches long and 3 inches across the mouth of 
the tube, very bright in colour. Messrs. J. Carter & Co., High Holborn, had 
an extensive and beautiful group of Empress Cockscombs, which have very 
large rich crimson heads, and contrasted well with a row of the white 
Lilium lancifolium Krmtzeri behind. A very large collection of Kales and 
Cabbages was contributed by this firm, who also had a plant of their 
Liliputian Potato, described as a cross between Champion Forcing Kidney 
and Ashtop Fluke from one seedling set planted March 25th, 1884. The 
tubers were very small, kidney-like in shape, and extremely numerous. 
Messrs. J. Cheal & Son, Crawley, had sixty dishes of Apples and Pears, 
including some handsome fruits of the former, the local Forge Apple being 
very notable, also the Curl Tail, Worcester Pearmain highly coloured, 
Warner’s King, and others. Messrs. Rawlings Bros., Romford, Essex, showed 
three stands of Show and Fancy Dahlias, very fresh and bright. Messrs. 
Wm. Paul ife Son, Waltham Cross, contributed a fine display of Roses, eihtg 
boxes of good blooms for the time of year being staged; some fine collec¬ 
tions of hei baceous plants were also sent from the same establishment. 
Asters, Lilium.=, Anemones, Rudbeckias, and Gaillardias being prominently 
noticeable. Messrs. Kelway & Son, Langport, had 120 spikes of Gladioluses 
and thirty-six spikes of Belladonnas, all very fine and effective. 
Four magnificent Smooth Cayenne Pine Apples were shown by C. Eyre, 
Esq., Welford Park, Newbury (gardener, Mr. C. Ross), grandly developed 
fruits weighing respectively 7 lbs. 9 ozs., 7 lbs. 14 ozs., 8 Ihs. 4 ozs., and 
9 lbs'. 7 ozs., with broad pips and splendidly riiaened. A collection of about 
twenty sorts of Maize was sent from Chiswick, fruits of Pyrus japonica 
from E. M. Nelson, Esq., Hanger Hill House, Ealing (gardener, Mr. Chad¬ 
wick), a dish of Cellini Pippin Apples from Mr. J. Deverill, Slough, a dish of 
Jacob’s Strawberry Apples from Mr. W. Jacob, Petworth, Sussex, some 
Apples for name, a seedling Melon from Ockenden, and samples of the 
Strawberry Spinach, Blitum capitatum, from Mr. H. C. Allman, Horsham. 
Mr. R. Phillips, The Deodars, Meopham, sent a dish of Phillips’ Perfection 
Tomatoes, very handsome fruits. Mr. Goldsmith, Hollanden, showed 
enormous samphs of White Elephant Potato, one weighing over 3 tbs. Mr. 
B. S. Williams, Upper Holloway, exhibited fruits of a large yellow Tomato 
named Golden Queen, very distinct. 
APPLES AND PEARS ON LAST SEASON’S GROWTH. 
In response to your correspondent “Non-Believer’s” invitation, I 
forward a branch of Newtown Pippin with fruit on last season’s gi-owth. 
Others that I have noticed fruiting in the same way are Emi^eror Alex¬ 
ander, Cox’s Orange Pippin, Cockle Pippin, Hawthornden, and Nelson’s 
Glory—in fact, a great many of the trees here have fruited in the same way. 
They are mostly young trees, and make rather vigorous growth. I thin 
out the growths in August, and cut back the strongest about a third of 
their length. I send you samples of this season’s growth with the fruit 
buds for next year’s crop plainly visible, the varieties being Ribston 
Pippin, Cockle Pippin, and Kentish Codlin. I have this day (September 
16th) picked a fruit of BeuiTd Bose Pear from the terminal bud of an 
unpruned growth of last season weighing 20 ozs., which I think is an 
extraordinary weight. Glou Morceau is also fruiting on last season’s 
growth on several trees ; but Pears here this season are nearly a failure, 
the only sorts having anything like a crop being the two above mentioned, 
Williams’ Bon Chretien, Louise Bonne of Jersey, and Winter Nelis.— 
T. Grant, 'Ihe Gardens, Ossemsley Manor, Christchurch, Hants. 
[The growths are very fine, the crop of fruit on last year’s wood 
excellent, and fruit buds on this year’s shoots p’ainly visible.] 
Mr. a. Young has kindly sent me last year’s and this year’s 
Apple shoots to verify his statement, a couple of weeks ago, that fruit 
buds were, in the case of free-bearing varieties, formed upon the current 
year’s shoots. Mr. Young's statement was that the fruit buds appeared 
over a length of 10 inches at least “ from the base upwards.” This 
description led me to think he had mistaken the two-year-old wood for 
this year’s, because, as a rule, the smallest eyes are at the base of the 
shoot, and in some varieties never become fruit buds, but remain dormant, 
hence my request to see examples. I find I was so far justified in my 
doubts by the samples sent. Mr. Young’s shoots of 1883 are of course 
now studded with fruit buds, and he says they produced fruit this year, 
which he removed before posting. It is this year’s (1884) shoots we have 
most concern with, however, and I m.ay remark here that both the shoots 
tent are remarkably fine samples, evidently grown under most favourable 
conditions, otherwise such strong shoots could not become ripe. The two- 
year-old shoot measures nearly an inch across at the base, and this year’s 
shoots about half an inch. One of this year’s shoots is 13 inches long, 
bears fourteen buds, two, or at most three, of which are apparently fruit 
buds, but the rest are certainly leaf buds. These fruit buds are not 
borne from the “ base upwards,” for the first or lowermost bud is close 
upon 8 inches from the base. The other shoot is about the same length, 
bears fifteen buds, four or five of which are apparently fruit buds, and 
the first of these is 6 inches from the base; in fact, on this shoot the fruit 
buds are borne from the base downwards, but Mr. Young has unfortu¬ 
nately cut away the tops of the shoots. From the appearance cf what 
remains I should say the entire shoot probably bore thirty or forty 
buds, so that the proportion of fruit buds is not great, and only establishes 
the exception and not the rule. For all practical purposes we must still 
treat the Apple, in pruning, as bearing on the two-year-old wood and not 
on the wmod of the previous year, as all writers on the Apple have 
hitherto treated the subject ; but I admit at once that Mr. Young’s 
shoots are not “accidents” in the sense meant by me. I have stripped 
his shoots of their haves to permit the examination of the buds, and 
they are still in my possession if needed to verify my description of them. 
I am also much obliged to Mr. Young for his kindness, as the subject 
has an interest for me apart from this discussion.— Non-Believer. 
[It is not usual for the last year’s wood to bear fruit from the “base 
upwards,” but from the point downwards; yet the example sent last 
week by klr. Waiting was clustered with fine fruit quite down to the 
two-year-old wood. This, however, appeared to be the result of shorten¬ 
ing the shoots in July, and the result justified Mr. Waiting’s remarks on 
page 138, however exceptional this method of fruiting may be. In the 
case of some varieties and districts the bearing of Apples towards the 
extremities of the previous season’s growths is too common to be regarded 
as accidental, but, at the same time, having regard to the Apple crop in 
the aggregate, which necessarily includes all the varieties in all districts, 
it will perhaps be conceded that a greater bulk of fruit is gathered from 
two-year-old wood than from growths of the previous year.] 
TIGRIDIAS. 
Mr. Guthrie has failed to answer my question as to depth of planting 
in various soils. I know something of Swanley soil, which would be in 
excellent condition for planting in February last, but is one season 
sufiicient to prove what your correspondent has laid down ? Did he plant 
those at Swanley, and if so, where else has he “ for years ” (see page 220) 
adopted this method P As he has had no experience on very sandy soil.=, 
what would he say to dibbling during a wet February on stiff soils (a not 
unfrequent occurrence this) ? And more, I could instance numbers of places 
where the soil would scarcely allow a dibble to be forced into it such a 
depth, and where to make it workable at all burnt ballast and road grit 
are added. This is why I asked, “would he unconditionally prefer what 
he has prescribed?” AVe are none of us too old to learn. Your corre- 
pondent says that “ Tigridias seed freely when grown in pots,” and to seed 
freely they must have grown freely and flowered freely, so that while he 
does not give cultural directions he admits that they can be well grown 
in pots. Therefore I ask him again what pots would he use to guarantee 
their being planted G inches deep at least ? and this the minimum. What, 
then, is the maximum ? I have grown them well in 48-sized 
pots, and can testify to their adaptabilities for conservatory decoration 
when thus grown ; and by keeping a few of them dry till the middle of 
May and then pot them, flowers may be had for the conservatory when 
“ Tigers ” refuse to open outside.— Specialist. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Cleaning should now have attention. Throughout the summer the 
quarters may have been hoed frequently, but the warm days and dewy 
nights we are having now seem to favour the growth of weeds, and when 
wet weather comes it will be difficult to clear them off. Of late we have 
combined our kitchen garden and pleasure ground men, began at one end 
of the kitchen garden and cleaned it thoroughly. Now no weeds or refuse 
can be seen, and our labour in cleaning will amount to little or nothing 
until the winter is over. A clean kitchen garden is a real pleasure to see 
at all times, but when cleaning is done in late autumn or winter extra 
labour must be employed without being able to accomplish the work 
thoroughly. 
Onions. —Those pulled up and laid out to dry in the open air some 
time ago should now be taken in. Twist the stems off, rub the bulbs over 
to take the rough of the roots and loose skin off, and store in their winter 
quarters. Autumn-sown Onions coming through the ground or advancing 
in growth should have the Dutch hoe run between the rows. All last 
year’s autumn-sown bulbs which may now be showing signs of starting 
into growth or decaying should be used before they become useless or the 
sound spring-sown ones are touched. 
Celery. —Two of our earliest earthed-up rows, a red and a white, 
are now being dug up for use, and notwithstanding the dry season, which 
might be considered bad for Celery, the produce is very good indeed. The 
earthing-up of late crops should be pushed on, remembering to keep the 
stems perfectly upright, and allowing no soil to pass into the centre. 
Lettuce and Endive. —Small plants of both of these should now be 
