October 30, 1884. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTIGULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
407 
the teeth of a comb, and these are drawn over the plant. The juice adheres 
to the pieces of leather, and is afterwards separated by scraping with a knife. 
Formerly, according to Guibourt, it was gathered from the beards of the 
goats, whereon it collected while the animals browsed on the plant. It is a 
stimulant expectorant, and was formerly given in catarrhal and dysenteric 
affections. At present it is used in plaisters and sometimes for fumigation. 
It is frequently employed by perfumers in the preparation of cosmetics ; and 
sometimes it is used as an ingredient in torcli''s. 
Heating {J. E .).—you ask us to do what we have never done, nor, as we 
have many times stated, we cannot do—that is, to name what “ we consider 
the best boiler.” Since several boilers answer most sati.sfactorily we should 
by naming one do an injustice to others. As your tradesman is capable of 
fixing pipes he will be capable of selecting a boiler suitable to the position 
from the illustrated catalogues of vendors that may be had on application. 
With the particular boiler you name we have had no experience. The water 
will circulate very well in the syphon you show in your sketch, and if you 
have much heat being wasted you might with advantage carry out your 
project. Let the pipes rise gradually, and at the highest point insert a small 
pipe and connect it with an expansion box above, capable of holding about 
a gallon of water, and all will be safe ; but without such provision the pipes 
would be in danger of bursting. 
Blue-flowered Shamrock {E. J. Warren) —The above is the popular 
name of the blue-flowered plant you have sent us, its botanical name being 
Parochmtus communis. Very rarely indeed do we receive specimens of 
this pretty plant, and we devote more prominent attention to it by 
publishing a figure and note pertaining to it by Mr. F. W. Burbidge ;— 
‘‘ A graceful plant of trailing Trefoil-like habit, admirably adapted for 
planting out on sheltered rockwork in May in a position where it may 
droop over a mossy stove in a natural way and display its pretty little Pea¬ 
like flowers. It is by no means new, and by no means too plentiful in 
cultivation, nor is it quite hardy except in very' mild climates near the sea ; 
but it is well worth preserving in a cool house during the winter, giving it 
a suitable place outside as soon as all danger from frost has passed away. 
As a basket plant in a cool greenhouse it is most charming, its trailing 
shoots depending, as shown in our sketch, and bearing a profusion of 
torquoise-blue flowers, which remind one of those of the common Chick 
Pea (Lathyrus sativus), but are green, brighter, and more lovely in colouring. 
Readily propagated by division, it deserves a place in all gardens. It is a 
native of the Himalayas.” 
Celery Diseased (J. Green ).—Your sp eimens have been examined by Mr. 
W. G. Smith, who says—“ The name of the fungus which covers Celery leaves 
with dark brown spots is Puccinia apii. When seeds are sown which have 
been gathered from diseased Celery plants the youngest seedlings suffer from 
the same disease as the parent plants. If alternate rows of seeds are sown, 
one row with seeds taken from diseased plants, the other from sound plants, 
the first row will exhibit diseased seedlings and the other seedlings free from 
disease. The same phenomenon holds good with seeds taken from diseased 
and sound Hollyhocks, with seeds from mildewed and clean corn, and with 
the seeds and seedlings of other plants which suffer from the attacks of 
parasitic fungi. We have, with many facts like the above in view, ex¬ 
pressed an opinion (which has, however, met with great opposition), that 
many diseases of plants, like certain diseases of animals, are hereditary. The 
spawn or mycelium of the fungus can sometimes be seen inside the seed. 
Our advic’, therefore, always is—burn or deeply bury all infected foliage, 
stems, or roots, and never harvest seeds from diseased plants. In some cases 
of plant diseases, where the disease is known to be not hereditary, there is a 
strong tendency amongst certain breeds to take disease. In continental 
books the Celery fungus is now termed Puccinia bullata, the same parasite 
grows on Hemlock (Conium), Fool’s Parsley (HUthusa), as well as on Celery, 
(Apium). The varieties have been distinguished as P. conii, P. mthusse, and 
P. apii.” We doubt if there is any remedy for plants so seriously affected, 
and we can only suggest applications of sulphur. Seed should be obtained 
from another source next year, and the crop grown in another part of the 
garden. 
Incurved Chrysanthemums [J. A .).—As you do not say what kinds you 
desire to grow we give the names of thirty excellent incurved varieties for 
exhibition, as follows :—Prince Alfred, Golden Empress of India, Princess 
of Wales, Empress of India, Jardin des Plantes, Queen of England, Barbara, 
Princess of Teck, Hero of Stoke Newington, Mrs. Heale, Mr. Bunn, Lady 
Hardinge, John Salter, White Venus, Refulgence, Nil Besperandum, Mrs. 
G. Rundle, Prince of Wales, Alfred Salter, Venus, Mrs. Dixon, Cherub, Mr. 
G. Glenny, Prince.?s Beatrice, Lady Slade, Bronze Jardin des Plantes, 
White Globe, Novelty, Lord Wolseley, and White Beverley. If you desire 
a selection of other sections please state them and the number required, 
and your letter shall have attention. 
Trellis for Peach House [Blandford ).—Three trees are a proper number 
to plant in front of the house for covering the trellis, and 18 inches a suit¬ 
able distance to plant them from the front of the house. The trellis should 
be run up in a curve 18 inches from the glass and taken up the roof 
about 6 feet, calculating from the eave plate, it being an advantage 
if the upper 3 feet of the trellis be depressed 18 inches more from the 
glass than the other part, or be 3 feet from the glass at the top 
(vertical) part of the trellis, so as to admit of the trees on the back wall 
receiving light to their base. This will afford both sets of trees the fullest 
advantage, and is better than a trellis in front fixed 3 to 4 feet high for the 
front trees, though w'e have seen them doing fairly well on such trellises, 
yet we prefer the others. The trees on a curved trellis should be trained 
on the side next the glass, as they are difficult to train and tie when on the 
under. The trees on the back wall will ripen their fruit perfectly if you 
have the trellis in front low enough to allow of the light reaching them 
unobstructed. It would have been better had a part of the front lights 
been made to open so as to allow of through ventilation—indeed, it is a 
necessity of successful treatment, and ought to be provided, or the house 
will become much too hot when the sun is powerful. 
Names of Fruits {F. tf A. Dichson cf Co). —1, Golden Reinette ; 2, Not 
known. (IF. cf J. B., Stamford). —Th=^re was no letter accompanying the 
three Apples. {M. J. B.). —1, Winter Pearmain ; 2, Calville Rouge d’Hiver ; 
3, Borsdorfer. (IF. Af. Bose ).—Early Nonpareil. {B. C. IF.).—1, Blenheim 
Pippin ; Cox’s Pomona ; 3, Beauty of Kent; 4, Gold n Winter Pearmain ; 
5, Cox’s Orange Pippin; 0, Gravenstein. {Houghton Purchase). —1, 2, and 
4 appear to be Lady Henniker ; 3 is Autumn Pearmain. {F. Geeson ).—The 
Apples are not known. The Pear is Beurrd d’Amanlis. {By G. IF. B .).—A 
parcel containing two Pears thus marked on the address without any letter. 
The large Pear is Van Mons Leon Leclerc, the small one Seckle. {J. E. 
Waiting ).—The Brown Pear is Chaumontel, the green one Napoleon, both 
very fine specimens. (A'. Loughgall, No. 2 Box). —1, Hollandbury ; 2, Not 
known ; 3, Catshead undoubtedly^; 4, Transparent Codlin ; 5, Not known ; 
G, Longville’s Kernel. (L. T. T .).—We can only identify 4, Brabant Belle- 
fleur, and 5, Catshead. {E. B.).—1, Dutch Mignonne ; 2, Adams’ Pearmain ; 
3, Syke House Russet. {H. G.).— 1, Groom’s Princess Royal; 3, Bergamotte 
Esperen ; 5, Urbaniste; G, Eyewood, {Noughton Purchase ).—Single Apple 
is Wormsley Pippin. {J. Crerar). —1, Hanwell Souring; 2, Kentish Fill- 
basket ; 3, Baxter’s Pearmain ; 4, not known. Several other parcels re¬ 
main for examination on a future occasion. 
Names of Plants (B. B.).—Specimens should be carefully packed in small 
boxes, not crushed into letters to bo smashed by the post-offices punches. 
1, Crushed ; 2, Ficus Paicelli; 3, Polypodium aureum ; 4, Nephrolepis ex- 
altata ; 5, Chorozema, species not distinguishable without flowers ; 6, Cannot 
be named wiihout flowers {G. Smith). —Paulownia imperialis. {G.J.W.). 
—1, Maxillaria picta ; 3, See illustration above; 4, Sedum carneum varie- 
gatum ; 5, S. azoideum variegatum. 
Erratum.—The Fern shown by Mr. Stottenhofi at the Horticultural 
Club was Scolopendrium Kelwayi, not Helwezii, as printed on page 373 
last week. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— October 29th. 
Trade qaiet, prices remaining without alteration, except Cobs, which are 
in good 
condition. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
J sieve 
2 
6 
to S 
6 
Oranges. 
.. 100 
8 
0 to 12 
0 
bushel 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Peaches . 
perdoz. 
8 
u 
» 
0 
Cobs, Kent .. 
per 
100 lbs. 
65 
0 
0 
0 
Pears, kitchen .. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Currants, Red 
i sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
,, dessert 
dozen 
1 
0 
3 
0 
„ Black 
|~sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apples English., ft. 
4 
0 
0 
0 
dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Plums . 
i Sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
.. ft. 
0 
6 
4 
0 
Strawberries.. 
.. ft. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lemons .. .. 
, 
*. case 
15 
0 
21 
0 
St. Michael Pines 
. .each 
0 
0 
7 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Artichokes . • 
dozen 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Lettuce .. .. 
dozen 
1 
0 to 
1 
G 
Beans, Kidney 
ft. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Mushrooms .. 
punnet 
0 
0 
1 
6 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Mustard and Cress 
punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
bundle 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Onions. 
bunch 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Brussels Sprouts 
^ sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cabbage .. .. 
dozen 
0 
0 
1 
0 
Parsnips. 
, dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Capsicums 
100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Potatoes. 
cwt. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
bunch 
0 
S 
0 
4 
,, Kidney . 
cwt. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Cauliflowers .. 
dozen 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Rhubarb. 
bundle 
0 
4 
0 
0 
CAlerv 
bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsafy. 
bundle 
1 
0 
0 
6 
Coleworts dcz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera .. .. 
bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers 
each 
0 
2 
0 
4 
Shallots. 
0 
s 
0 
0 
Endive .. 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach. 
bushel 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Herbs • • • • 
bunch 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes .. .. 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Leeks .. .. 
bunch 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Turnips. 
bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
