440 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ November 13, 1834. 
bronght witbin the line of vision; the views are indeed snperh, the air 
pure, the autumn foliage richly tinted, with on one side the Solent shim¬ 
mering in the distance and the purple heights of the Isle of Wight meet¬ 
ing the horizon. Cbryfanthemums, it has been said, flourish best in low 
situations where the air is damp and fogs prevalent. That at least is 
what persons in high and dry districts say is the reason why London and 
Liverpool growers succeed so well. If they could see the plants and 
blooms at Swanmore they would perhaps admit they can be grown on a 
hill as well as in a valley, and possibly colour better. They would cer¬ 
tainly have to go far to see finer plants and better, and especially brighter, 
flowers, also to see a finer range of glass than that in which the plants 
are arranged. 
The kitchen garden, a walled enclosure, is quite new—that is to say, 
about four years old. Across the north side is this range of houses, 
222 feet long in seven divisions—three vineries, three plant houses, and a 
Peach house, the central house at right angles with aod projecting beyond 
the range—designed and erected under the superintendence of Mr. Moly- 
neux. The houses are 18 feet wide, the back wall 12 feet high, with a hip of 
about 3 feet sloping to the north, the long southern roof having an angle of 
about 40°. Ventilation is by screw and crank leverage, the heating com¬ 
plete and effectual, the pipes not crowded together along the front, but 
placed in lines about 4 feet apart over the surface of the borders. Large 
tanks are constructed in the houses with pipes for heating the water distinct 
from those heating the houses. This work was done by Mr. Bramham of 
Liverpool, and done well, the Allerton Priory boiler working most satis¬ 
factorily. The path is along the back a short distance from the wall, 
room being afforded for a row of Chrysanthemums, or anything else 
requiring 2 or 3 feet of space. The Vine and Peach borders are of course in 
the front, but the whole space is not occupied with them. It is not needed, 
for the Vines are as strong as Vines can well be, and a Nectarine tree in 
four years has covered a length of trellis of 20 feet. In the space next the 
path not occupied by the borders, a width of about 4 feet, Chrysanthemums 
are arranged. The plants being tall, this enables the blooms to be seen 
the better, though some nearly touch the glass ; while the “ Audiguiers ’’ 
along the back reach from the floor to the roof—12 feet. It is a grand 
promenade of Chrysanthemums. The centre house is entirely occupied 
with them, the plants sloping from 10 feet high at the back to 2 or 3 feet 
in the front—a bank of 18 or 20 feet deep and 8 or 9 feet wide. It has 
fallen to my lot to assist in adjudicating the prizes for the best groups 
of Chrysanthemums that have been arranged, hut I have never seen a group 
like this for extent, variety, size, and brilliancy of flowers. It will be 
perceived, then, that the plants that produce the prizewinning blooms 
range from 2 or 3 feet to 12 feet high. This house represents a small 
forest of Chrysanthemums, for they are more like trees than plants, the 
stems of some of them being quite 3 inches in circumference. The only 
similar examples I have seen were at Calderstone, grown by Mr. Tunning- 
ton. They are clothed with thick leathery foliage from the surface of the 
pots—or, rather, were before arranged, the leaves in the centre of the 
group naturally collapsing, for the pots nearly touch each other, and light 
cannot penetrate such a thicket. 
The plants are grown in pots varying from 6 inches to 9 inches 
in diameter. A few 10-inch pots are used, but these mostly contain two 
plants. The majority of the plants carry three blooms. “ Three blooms 
on a plant 12 feet high !” does somebody exclaim ? “ what a waste of 
space ! I should want twenty flowers at the least.” And they might 
easily be had ; but cut them and place them in the scale against the 
three, and they will probably be outweighed, while the three help to win 
a twenty-five-guinea cup, the twenty not sharing in winning more 
than a wooden spoon—for coming in last. The twenty ordinary flowers 
anyone may grow, the three prizewinners are masterpieces. There is a 
difference from a cultivator’s point of view. Did the twenty-bloom 
advocates ever see a Chrysanthemum flower 7 inches deep ? The 
probability is they never grew one half that depth, but there are (or were 
ten days ago) examples of Madame C. Audiguier that depth and more at 
Swanmore. 
Did anyone ever see the new incurved Chrysanthemum Jeanne d’Arc 
15 inches in circumference, and as solid and symmetrical as a flower can 
be ? As only a comparatively few individuals can have the oppor¬ 
tunity of inspecting that bloom, it is represented in fig. 73 with not 
a shade of exaggeration. Plenty of others, such as the Queen family, are 
larger, but the example of Jeanne d’Arc is presumably the finest 
example of the variety that has ever been produced, and Mr. Molyneux 
considers this the most distinct and promising of all the new incurved 
Chrysanthemums. Lord Wolseley and Lord Alcester he regards as great 
acquisitions, but he considers they do not stand out so distinctly in every 
way as does Jeanne d’Arc. There appears to be some doubt as to 
the origin of this variety. It was exhibited by Messrs. Jackson & Son at 
Kingston last year, and certificated, though the variety named Mdlle, 
Madeline Tezier in the list of Mr. Davis of Camberwell is no doubt 
identical. Jeanne d’Arc (Lacroix) is described in Lacroix’s catalogue in 
the list preceding the novelties of 1883, and was presumably sent out in 
1882. Also among the novelties of 1882 in Boucharlat’s catalogue is 
Mdlle. Madeline Tezier (Reydellet) — but, this is a little confu^iJg— 
Boucharlat also includes Jeanne d’Arc, described the same as in Lacroix’s 
list—silvery white, reverse of petals lilac, while Mdlle. Madeline Tezier is 
termed snow white. The former description applies to Jeanne d’Arc as 
certificated, and grown so well by Mr. Molyneux, and that must now be 
the accepted name. It is curious that in foliage, also in producing the 
blooms on large peduncles 6 or 7 inches above the leaves, Jeanne d’Arc is 
exactly like Pair Maid of Guernsey, and is the only incurved variety in 
which the latter character is so distinctly marked. It should be added 
that Mr. Molyneux finds Jeanne d’Arc one of the “ best doers,” every 
^tem supplying him with an exhibition bloom ; but it is too early for this 
year’s shows. 
It is quite unnecessary to enumerate the varieties that are. so promincmt 
in the Swanmore collection, as their names will be taken from the prize 
stands somewhere or other, and published in the reports of shows. 
Perhaps it may be well to say that Bendigo and Mabel Ward are identi¬ 
cal with Mr. Molyneux. Of that there is not the slightest doubt. The 
first premature bloom from a very early bud may come with florets like 
the Princess of Wales or its sport Mrs. Heale, but that is quite accidental. 
An example is seen at Swanmore, and it shows the advisability of not 
hurrying a sport into the market or disappointment may follow. Some 
other varieties might be named, the earliest blooms of which are often 
quite out of character, but the variety is not changed for all that, as the 
progeny proves. 
Many persons, no doubt, would like to know the details of Mr. 
Molyneux’s culture. It is for him to supply them when he may find it 
convenient to do so ; but generally it may be said his success is the 
result of constant watchfulness and unremitting attention, especially in 
watering, from the day the cuttings are inserted to that on which the 
flowers are cut. The cuttings are taken “ as they can be had,” and not 
“coddled” in heat at any time. The plants are grown without check 
throughout, none allowed to become rootbound in their early stages ; 
each pot of the “ six hundred ” is rapped for determining the exact time 
for giving water, as if given when not needed or withheld when wanted 
injury is done that will show itself before the end of the season. 
Most of the very large blooms are from “ crown ” buds, but many 
very fine, but a trifle later, are from terminals in this way the season is 
prolonged, and a number of fresh examples are at hand for the different 
shows. Several dwarf or cut back-plants bear fine blooms ; but the 
largest are from the crown buds on 8 to 10 feet high plants. 
In one of the houses two dozen plants are arranged grown by Miss 
Myers, who inserted the cuttings, potted and watered the plants through¬ 
out, no one else having touched them ; and considering that they have 
had no liquid manure they are most creditable to the cultivator and 
decidedly better than many examples seen in gardens and conservatories. 
Toe plants grown by Mr. Molyneux obviously received liquid manure 
freely, or they could not be produced in such splendid condition. 
The blooms also, or some of them, are dressed to take off their rough¬ 
ness. In this work Mr. Molyneux is also “ self-taught,” and is now a 
master in the art of showing them in the bfst condition. In the work in 
question he has the able assistance of his foreman and brother, Mr. N. 
Molyneux, who is not a youth but a skilled gardener seeking a responsible 
charge, and if it happens to be where Chrysanthemums are desired as fine 
as they esn he grown he is the man to produce them. 
But though these flowers are grown so well at Swanmore, everything 
else is equally well attended to—plants indoors, herbaceous plants in the 
borders. Grapes, hardy fruits, evergreens. Conifers, ornamental trees and 
shrubs, with vegetables, all affording evidence that nothing is neglected 
in the well-appointed, compact, and excellently managed garden.—J. 
KOYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
November 11th. 
Chrysanthemums were well represented at this meeting, and several 
very meritorious novelties were certificated. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, 
Messrs. Cannell & Sons, and Messrs. Laing& Co. had especially fine groups 
and collections of blooms. 
Fruit Committee. —Present: John Lee, Esq., in the chair; Dr. R. 
Hogg, and Messrs. Phillip Crowley, George Bunyard, S. Lyon, George Paul, 
G. T. Miles, James Smith, John Burnett, W. Denning, R. D. Blackmore, and 
W. Paul. 
A seedling Pear was sent by Colonel Trevor Clarke, Welton Place, 
Daventry. It had a good deal of resemblance to Huyshe’s Victoria in 
appearance. The flesh is coarse-grained and gritty, the juice sweet with 
a pleasant sub-acidity ; but as there are so many varieties of superior excel¬ 
lence in use at the same time the Committee did not think it an improve¬ 
ment on others in cultivation. Messrs. Strachan & Evans of Wrexham sent 
two handsome Apples, which were Catshead and Alfriston. Mr. Valpy of 
Bina Gardens, South Kensington, sent a seedling Apple raised at Enbome 
Lodge, Newbury, said to be a good cooking variety, but the Committee did 
not think it an improvement on other varieties. Mr. Robert Doe, The 
Gardens, Rufford Abbey, Ollerton, sent a seedling Apple of Pearmain shape 
with a grass-green skin and an unusually yellow flesh, which was considered 
no improvement. A seedling Apple was received from Messrs. Rutley and 
Silverlock raised by Isaac Harrison, Esq., of Leicester, a very pretty Apple 
resembling Cox’s Pomona, but with a very crisp and tender flesh, full of 
j nice and with a peculiar aroma. The Committee requested to see it again 
in March, as it was represented to be a good keeper, lasting as long as J uly. 
Mr. Thomas Lockley, Brewood, Wolverhampton, sent a seedling cooking 
Apple, which was passed. Messrs. John Laing & Son of Forest Hill sent a 
seedling Apple, which was not of high merit. Mr. Piper of Ledbury sent a 
seedling Apple which was not considered of great merit. Mr. Burbridge of 
Westgate-on-Sea sent a seedling Apple with soft flesh and sweet flavour, 
but of no great merit. J. McIntosh, Esq. (Mr. Taylor, gardener), sent three 
handsome bunches of Mrs. Pearson Grape, for which a letter of thanks was 
awarded. Mr. Oxford, gardener to C. M. Shipley, Esq., Twyford Moors,. 
Winchester, sent a stem of Brussels Sprouts. 
Floral Committee. —Present: Section A, Messrs. James O’Brien, John 
Woodbridge, H. Herbst, H. Ballantine, J. Dominy, H. Williams, and E. HiU. 
Section B, Messrs. Shirley Hibberd, W. B. Kellock, H. Bennett, W. Bealby^ 
G. F. Wilson, J. James, and G. Duffield. Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley,, 
exhibited six boxes of handsome Chrysanthemum blooms representing 
the sections, singles. Pompons, Anemones, incurved and Japanese, and 
