32 NATURAL HISTORY. [UPPER FLOOR. 
laria), F. Europcea , and Cicada stridula ; the latter is re¬ 
versed to show the drums attached to the body by which 
the insect produces its peculiar chirruping. 
TENTH ROOM. 
The upright Cases round the room contain the general 
collection of Reptiles in spirits. 
Case 1 contains the shielded Reptiles, Cataphracta, 
which hare the body covered with two shields, sometimes 
formed of bones, and at others of bony plates imbedded in 
the skin ; as the Tortoises ( Testndo , Lin.) and Crocodiles 
(Crocodilus , Cuv.). 
The feet of the Tortoises differ in form according to the 
habits of the animals. Those which live on land ( Tesiudo) 
have club-shaped feet, and very solid, convex shells. 
Amongst these are the common Tortoise ( Testudo grazca , 
frequent in the north of Africa and the south of Europe; 
and the Tabular Tortoise [Test, tabidata ), from the Bra¬ 
zils. These live chiefly on vegetable substances, and bury 
themselves in the ground during the winter : their eggs, 
some of which are exhibited, are of a globular form. The 
American sailors often use these animals as food; they are 
found in great abundance in the Gallipagos. 
Those Tortoises which live in water have more depressed 
shells than the Land Tortoises; their feet are expanded and 
webbed between the toes, and the latter are furnished with 
sharp claws. They have been divided into three groups, 
viz. the Terrapins ( Emys ), which have twelve horny 
plates on the chest-bone or sternum, and ^withdraw the 
head and neck between the shells ; as the Dhor Terrapin 
(Emys dent at a), from India; the Banded Terrapin ( Emys 
vittata), and Lake Erie Terrapin (Emys Lesueuri), from 
America. These are much used as food by the Americans. 
Amongst these is a monstrosity with two heads. 
Those of the second group [Chelys) have an additional 
horny plate on the front of the sternum, and bend the neck 
back under the side margin of the shell; as the Radiated 
Chelys (Hydraspis radiolata). 
The third group of fresh-water Tortoises (Trionyc r), 
are peculiar from having the shell covered with a naked 
skin, and only three toes of each foot provided with claws. 
They, like all the other fresh-water Tortoises, are strictly 
