SIDE VIEW OF THE CRAJflUM. 
193 
strongly manifest the breed or blood of a horse. Those 
which are high-bred have a broad angular forehead, with the 
face gradually tapering from the brow to the muzzle, as 
represented in this figure. The cranium of the dray or cart¬ 
horse is nearly as wide below as above. It is the full and 
largely developed forehead which gives to the blood-horse 
that fiery and intelligent expression. 
f, f. The zygomatic arch. 
g , g. The super-orbital foraminae, or holes above the orbit for the 
passage of the nerves and blood-vessels which supply the 
forehead. The small hole beneath receives vessels which 
penetrate into and supply the bone. In some craniums 
there are several such holes. 
h, h . The lachrymal, or tear-bones. 
i, s. The orbits which contain and defend the eye. 
j, j. The malar or cheek-bones. 
is, k. The nasal-bones, or bones of the nose. 
If L The superior maxillary, or that portion of the upper jaw 
containing the molar teeth or grinders. 
to, to. The infra-orbital foraminae, or holes below the orbits, through 
which pass branches of nerves and blood-vessels to supply 
the lower portion of the face. 
n, n. The openings into the nose, with the bones forming the root 
of the palate. 
0, o. The inferior maxillary, the lower portion of the jaw-bone, 
which is a separate bone in quadrupeds, containing the inci 
sors or cutting teeth and the upper tushes at the point of 
union between the superior and inferior maxillaries. 
p, p. The upper incisors, or cutting teeth, or, as they are otherwise 
called, the nippers, a term which we limit to the two central ones 
above and below ; the one next to these, on each side, are called 
the dividers, and the innermost ones on both sides are termed the 
corner incisors. There are in all twelve incisors in the head 
of a horse, viz., six in the upper, and six in the under jaw 
SIDE VIEW OF THE CRANIUM. 
PLATE VIII. Fig 2- 
6. The parietal bone 
