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MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY. 
best Swedish iron, and made of sufficient thickness to pro 
vent breaking or bending when used. A flat surface on the 
foot side is generally used ; and the same form of plate as 
in the shoes intended to be put on after the removal of the 
plate. Three or four nails on each side according to the 
size of the foot will suffice. The heels of the plate should 
not be longer than the horn of the heels, rather a trifle 
shorter, to prevent them from being torn off by the toe of 
the hind foot when at great speed. 
THE BAR-SHOE. 
This is a useful invention to remove the pressure’ from 
any tender part of the foot, and throw it on another portion 
which is quite sound. It consists of the common shoe 
continued round the heels. Its chief use is in cases ol 
corns, and it quite covers its seat. It elevates the sole in 
pumiced feet, and thus secures them from pressure. It is 
also useful in sand-crack, as by it we can remove the 
pressure from the slit, and throw it on each side of it. In 
short, in all the diseases of the foot the bar-shoe will be 
found very serviceable if worn during these diseases ; but it 
must be discontinued as soon as a cure has been effected. 
When the bar-shoe is used for sand-crack or corn, the crust 
and frog ought to be perfectly parallel, and the bar should 
be the widest part of the shoe, so that an extended bearing 
may be placed upon the frog. This shoe, however, is by no 
means safe during frost. 
CLIPS. 
These consist of portions of the upper edge of the shoe, 
hammered out, and turned up so as to embrace the lowei 
surface of the crust, which must be a little pared out so as 
to receive the clip. The chief use of the clip is to give 
