THE HINDER SHOE-TIPS. 
399 
greater security in attaching the shoe to the foot, and 
lessening the stress upon the nails, which might prove 
injurious. In horses subjected to heavy draught, clips are 
indispensable, and are useful to all employed in draught 
of any kind. They will be found a useful preventive 
in securing the shoes from being torn off, when the 
strain is great on the feet while drawing. Clips are 
also beneficial when horses are given to stamping and 
pawing, as either of these tricks are likely to loosen the 
simple shoe. But clips should only be used in such horses 
as we have named, because they press upon the crust as it 
grows down, and are therefore objectionable with horses 
which are employed in light draught or hackneys. 
THE HINDER SHOE. 
As the hinder limbs are the chief instruments of progression 
in the animal, except while walking, the whole stress of the 
frame rests upon them. In consequence of this, the shoes 
of the hind feet are always made broader than those of the 
fore feet, and the toe is widened still more by rasping. 
When there is the slightest tendency to over-reaching, the 
toes of the hind feet should be shortened as much as pos¬ 
sible, by sloping in the surface, and rendering the shoe 
somewhat less projecting than the toe The hinder differs 
a little from the fore foot, in being straighter in the quarters. 
The nails in the hinder shoe should be situated nearer to 
the heel than in the fore shoe. 
TIPS. 
Tips are short shoes which reach only half way round 
the foot, and are worn by the horse while at grass, as a 
protection to the crust, to prevent it being injured by any 
hard parts in the ground. They are especially necessary 
