THE FOULS. 
523 
some cases from one of the claws. Veterinarians have 
divided this complaint into two kinds, the soft fouls , and 
the horny fouls i which are differently treated by them. In 
the soft fouls, the discharge issues from the cleft of the hoof, 
and also from the heels, and in both cases the animal be¬ 
comes very lame. 
Causes. —Hard driving and long journeys often produce 
the fouls, more particularly if the roads are bad, and dirt 
lodges and dries in the cleft, or behind the heels. It affects 
cattle of all ages. 
Remedies. —For the soft fouls, when cracks take place, 
these must be well washed with soft-soap and water, and 
then anointed with tar-ointment, and the feet kept as dry 
as possible. When a distention of the horny substance 
takes place, and soft spongy protrusions appear, accompanied 
with the discharge of matter of a most offensive smell, 
these soft parts must be cut, or scraped off, and a caustic 
liquid applied to the parts. The following will prove 
effectual if well applied :— 
Sulphate of copper . 1 ounce, 
Nitrous acid . . ounce, 
Alum, pounded . . 2 ounces, 
Rain, or river water . 1 pint. 
When the parts are properly washed with the above, and 
it has become dry, then a pledget covered with tar-ointment 
should be applied to the parts. 
For the homy fouls, if the hoof feels very warm, and the 
animal manifests pain on pressure being applied to the 
parts, and they feel hard underneath, it will then be dis¬ 
covered that a horny substance is penetrating into the 
softer parts of the foot, either between the two halves of 
the hoof, or at the heels; these horny parts must be era¬ 
dicated by cutting In performing this operation, it will 
