538 
MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY. 
the hand is gently placed on the bend of the knee. It not 
unfrequently happens, that the head becomes so much 
swollen and bruised, that it cannot be returned ; when this 
is the case, the only thing which can be done to save the 
cow, is to amputate the head of the calf, after having first 
skinned it. Cut through the skin of the forehead in a 
straight line, from the nose to the poll, and force it back 
over the first joint of the neck, at which place let the head 
be divided from the body, and push it back into the womb 
so as to enable you to lay hold of the knees, and after wrap¬ 
ping the loose skin over the end of the neck-bone, while an 
assistant keeps hold of the skin, in order to guide it cleai 
of the haunch-bones of the cow ; let the calf be extracted 
gently ; but should it not come fairly forward, let the calf 
be pushed back immediately, and properly adjusted before 
again pulling it out. 
The same treatment is applicable to the 6th, when 
there is a presentation of the head and a single leg, or the 
head alone. 
7th. The calf lying on its back, with its four legs folded 
nearly together, and close up to the cow’s back ; the head 
appearing, or doubled back, even with the ribs, on one side 
or other ; the hind-leg perhaps appearing.—If the latter is 
the case, let it be put back, as it is impossible to extract 
the calf with a hind and fore-leg together, and the differ¬ 
ence between the knee and the hough will be at once dis¬ 
covered. The head in this case being doubled back, must 
of course be returned to its proper position, as mentioned 
above. As this is a case where time is required, the cow 
often becomes very impatient and restless; but if quiet, the 
operation may be performed easily and deliberately. But 
if it is found that extraction cannot be accomplished with¬ 
out the use of the hook, then the operator must take hold 
