548 
MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY. 
a little, they have given to them chopped hay, split-beans, 
or oatmeal and water; and sometimes oats, which latter is 
an expensive food. 
In Norfolk, calves are permitted to suck their dams twice 
a day for a fortnight, and for the next fortnight, to be fed 
with the pail; then only once a day for a month or two, 
and accompanied by cut hay, turnips, or carrots. 
A different mode of treatment takes place in Sussex, 
where calves are permitted to suck the cows for two months 
to twelve weeks ; after which they are fed with skimmed- 
milk, with a mixture of oatmeal and water. Sometimes 
they are weaned at the end of this period, and fed upon cut 
hay, turnips, &c. 
It has been found that lintseed boiled to a jelly, in the 
proportion of one quart of seed to six quarts of watei; 
forms an excellent substitute for milk in rearing calves. A 
pint of this to be given three times a day in a quart of 
water, slightly warmed. Calves fed in this way thrive as 
well as if fed upon milk. 
In America, calves are fed with gruel, made of one-third 
barley and two-thirds oats, ground very fine. To each quart 
of flour add twelve of water, and boil it for half-an-hour. 
Let it stand until it has become of the heat of milk from the 
cow. Each calf to be given a quart of this morning and 
evening When calves are ten days old, a bundle of soft 
hay is tied up in the middle of the cow-house, which they 
will come to eat by degrees. The quantity of gruel must 
be gradually increased until they are two months old, by 
which time they are generally enabled to provide for them¬ 
selves. Three bushels of the above compound will raise six 
calves. 
One of the most important objects to be attended to in 
rearing calves, as well as in feeding all animals, is to pre- 
