554 
MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY. 
or houses constructed for the purpose; and, if possible, these 
should be in a yard, surrounded by a wall. The cattle 
should be tied up in stalls; and it will be found that they 
feed faster than when running loose in a yard, and with 
much less consumption of straw and fodder. 
A principal object with Mr. Hunter was, to obtain as 
much manure as possible, and at same time to save the 
urine. After the turnips are fully ripened, they are 
gathered together in large quantities, and the roots are 
separated from the leaves, with large knives, made of old 
scythes, or knives purposely constructed, and as much of 
the earth removed from them as possible, and then carried 
into a barn, where they are deposited for use. The cattle 
are first fed with the leaves, until they are exhausted, 
which they eat with avidity when not withered. The tur¬ 
nips should be as closely piled up as possible, and covered 
with straw, to preserve them from frost. It must be ob¬ 
served, that all the turnips are not removed from the ground 
at once, but taken up from time to time, as the leaves may 
be required for food. When turnips are permitted to re¬ 
main in the ground during the whole winter, the green 
parts are rendered useless by the alternations of frost and 
thaw, and the turnips themselves much injured. 
The feeding-house should be at right-angles with the 
barn; and, at about three feet and a half distance from the 
principal wall, there should be a series of troughs from 
which the cattle feed. These should be constructed of 
hewn pavement, which is preferable to wood. The floor 
should be an inclined plane, on which the troughs rest, and 
in the ends of each there ought to be an arched aperture 
for the passage of water from one trough to the other, by 
which means they are easily kept clean, by throwing a few 
buckets of water into the higher one, and the last or lower 
