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ol a lake. Lastly, it should be borne in mind that the extent of reflecting 
surface of the pond or lake should be in proportion to the extent of visible 
surrounding ground, so that if the 
ets ■ 
y-4 
<2 
0 
A 
Fig. 5 - 
surface of water be too great, and the 
& land immediately around flat, portions 
of the distant bank should be raised 
and planted. By these means you 
not only lessen in appearance the 
expanse of water, but also give 
proximity and nearness to those 
portions of the distant bank. The 
question now arises where should be 
the rising ground, where the hollows 
and glades ? The answer is, most, if 
not all, promontories should be 
iaised and planted, while, as already mentioned, the glades and hollows should 
remain bare, the surface of the ground gracefully, yet almost imperceptibly 
blending with the rising ground on each side. 
Now a few remarks with reference to clumps and plantations. A pleasing 
and required expression is aimed at; there must be no neglect of the 
elegancies of finish, no inattention to the most delicate propriety. The 
mounds or banks of the margin of a lake are no doubt features expressive of 
great beauty if treated properly, and the two chief points to be observed are 
naturalness and connection with other parts of the ground. In nature, 
undulation or swells of the ground possess the greatest possible softness, and 
b end with the surrounding ground in the most gradual manner. A raised 
b nk, to realize much of beauty, should be varied in its ground outline (Fig. 6, 
Sec. A), and have more or less 
Fig. 6. 
undulation on its surface, but 
this is chiefly obtained by a cor¬ 
rect and practical eye. There 
is, however, one rule to follow, 
and that is, that the more prominent and higher points of a clump should be 
the fullest, roundest, and steepest, while the retiring portions should be 
hollowed out and sloped back into a kind of scooped-out basin. This is 
what, without doubt, is generally found in Nature. One word more as to 
the formation of a clump, and, perhaps, its chief characteristic, namely, that 
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